scholarly journals Statistical analysis of a survey about diffusion of binge drinking and drunkorexia among students in Palermo

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Venturella ◽  
Giulia Cancellieri ◽  
Marco Giammanco ◽  
Anastasia Valentina Liga
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
School Time ◽  
Alcohol Marketing ◽  
Saturday Evening ◽  
Restrict Food Intake

Youth alcohol consumption is a major global public health concern. Previous reviews have concluded that exposure to alcohol marketing was associated with drinking initiation and higher alcohol consumption among youth. From January to May 2017, a survey has been conducted through administration of questionnaires about the diffusion of Binge Drinking and Drunkorexia among the students of Palermo. Test was administered, during school time, to 2331 students between the ages of 13 and 20. Regarding the analysis of the questionnaires, 97,8% of student declares to have drunk at least once: their first taste of alcoholic drink happens at the age of thirteen/fourteen. They prefer to drink at the disco or pub (48% disco; 22% pub) on Friday and Saturday evening (92%). 52% of students also declare to associate alcohol to cigarette smoking. Another important statistic is that 736 girls and 61 boys declare to prefer to restrict food intake in order to consume greater quantities of alcohol and to avoid weight gain. In order to evaluate youth alcohol consumption in a different contest, it was created an online survey thanks to Google forms. This study involved 500 young people from Palermo between the ages of 19 and 30. The extrapolation of data confirmed the same results of the questionnaires on paper. In this test, however, it was also evaluated the spreading of drink-driving (68,5%). The present survey suggests that there is an expansion of such practices in young population. In conclusion, it appears necessary to adopt measures of information and prevention to reduce territorial diffusion.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9189
Author(s):  
Elyse R. Grossman ◽  
Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon ◽  
Susan Sonnenschein
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Drinking Behaviors ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Linear Regressions

Emerging but limited evidence suggests that alcohol consumption has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed: (1) whether drinking behaviors changed during the pandemic; and, (2) how those changes were impacted by COVID-19-related stress. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with a convenience sample of U.S. adults over 21 years in May 2020. We conducted adjusted linear regressions to assess COVID-19 stress and alcohol consumption, adjusting for gender, race, ethnicity, age, and household income. A total of 832 responded: 84% female, 85% White, and 72% ages 26–49. Participants reported consuming 26.8 alcohol drinks on 12.2 of the past 30 days. One-third of participants (34.1%) reported binge drinking and 7.0% reported extreme binge drinking. Participants who experienced COVID-19-related stress (versus not) reported consuming more drinks (β = 4.7; CI (0.2, 9.1); p = 0.040) and a greater number of days drinking (β = 2.4; CI (0.6, 4.1); p = 0.007). Additionally, 60% reported increased drinking but 13% reported decreased drinking, compared to pre-COVID-19. Reasons for increased drinking included increased stress (45.7%), increased alcohol availability (34.4%), and boredom (30.1%). Participants who reported being stressed by the pandemic consumed more drinks over a greater number of days, which raises concerns from both an individual and public health perspective.

scholarly journals Risky alcohol consumption, dependency symptoms and minority stress in sexual minority young people

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Demant ◽  
B Saliba
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Risky Alcohol ◽  
Risky Alcohol Consumption

Abstract Background Sexual Minority Young People (SMYP) use alcohol, tobacco and other drugs at disproportionate levels when compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Limited research has been conducted on dependency symptoms in this population as well as correlations between risky use of alcohol and minority stress including potential differences between identity subgroups. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 1,556 SMYPs (mean age: 22.6 years) from Australia. Variables include demographics, alcohol use, dependency symptoms and different dimensions of minority stress. Descriptive and correlational analyses, and binary logistic regressions were conducted. Results Most participants surveyed identified as gay or lesbian (59%) and as men (55%). Regular binge drinking (43%), as well as general high-risk alcohol use (52%), was prevalent in the sample. Dependency symptoms were also common in the sample including health, social, legal or financial problems as a result of alcohol consumption (17%). Meaningful differences in consumption and symptoms between subgroups were identified. Minority stress, including negative family reactions and homophobic harassment were significantly correlated with higher alcohol use and dependency symptoms. Conclusions High-risk alcohol consumption including binge drinking as well as dependency symptoms are highly prevalent in Australian SMYP but are not distributed equally across subgroups. Public health initiatives should consider targeting SMYP subgroups and concentrate on the role of alcohol as a potential maladaptive coping mechanism for minority stress. Key messages Risky alcohol consumption and dependency symptoms common in sexual minority young people but not equally distributed in subgroups. Minority stress likely to be linked to risky alcohol consumption and dependency symptoms.

scholarly journals Do schools and alcohol mix? Australian parents' perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Conor Gilligan ◽  
Therese Shaw ◽  
Shelley Beatty ◽  
Laura Thomas ◽  
Karen Louise Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
School Events

PurposeAlcohol use by adults at school events and alcohol promotion through school fundraising activities is common, but little is known about secondary school parents' attitudes towards these practices. Parental attitudes may influence principals' decision-making on this topic, particularly in jurisdictions where education department guidance is limited. This study explored parents' attitudes towards the consumption or promotion of alcohol in schools or at school events.Design/methodology/approachParents (n = 298) from five non-government secondary schools in Western Australia completed an online survey and provided responses relating to the promotion and availability of alcohol through their child's school.FindingsThis sample of parents were evenly divided in support of alcohol consumption or support of schools as alcohol-free zones. Parents reporting higher alcohol consumption were more supportive of alcohol promotion and use through schools, and those with higher education supported use of alcohol for school fundraising. Almost 20% of parents were neutral on several measures indicating they could be swayed by social pressure. Engaging parents is an ongoing challenge for school principals and alcohol may play a part in engagement activities. The results from this small, exploratory study suggest even engaged parents may have very differing views on alcohol use in schools.Practical implicationsEducation departments are encouraged to explore these issues carefully and introduce changes incrementally to assist decision-making and minimise potential parent disengagement.Originality/valueThis paper addresses a knowledge gap about parents' attitudes towards alcohol in secondary schools. These findings can support those involved in the development of school alcohol policies.

scholarly journals A Social Ecological Approach to Hazardous Alcohol Use among Flemish Higher Education Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8288
Author(s):  
Robert Tholen ◽  
Edwin Wouters ◽  
Koen Ponnet ◽  
Sara De Bruyn ◽  
Guido Van Hal
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hazardous Use

Hazardous use of alcohol is a global public health concern. Statistics suggest that this is particularly common in Europe, and among higher education students. Although it has been established that various factors—ranging from the individual to the overarching societal level—are associated with misuse of alcohol, few studies take multiple levels of influence into account simultaneously. The current study, therefore, used a social ecological framework to explore associations between variables from multiple levels of influence and the hazardous use of alcohol. Data were obtained from a representative sample of higher education students from Flanders, Belgium (n = 21,854), and explored using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results demonstrated that the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels, were all associated with risky alcohol consumption. When devising interventions, policymakers should, therefore, take into consideration that variables from multiple levels of influence are at play. Students’ capacities to change or maintain their alcohol consumption behaviors may be undermined if social settings, overarching environments, social norms, and policies are not conducive to their motivations and social expectations.

scholarly journals Pregnant Women’s Knowledge About Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and its Consequences: An Israeli Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Hen-Herbst ◽  
Yehuda Senecky ◽  
Ariel Tenenbaum ◽  
Andrea Berger
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Consumption Rates

Abstract Background. Alcohol consumption can negatively affect fetal development, resulting in a range of mental and physical disabilities clinically termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Despite suspected rates of maternal drinking during pregnancy, the documented number of children diagnosed with FASD in Israel is extremely low. The aim of this study was to investigate alcohol-consumption behavior and knowledge about the consequences of such consumption among pregnant Israeli women.Methods. A sample of 802 pregnant women completed an anonymous online survey related to their backgrounds, recommendations and education on alcohol consumption during pregnancy, general knowledge regarding the consequences of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and FASD, and alcohol they consumed (frequency and amount) 2 mo prior to conception and during pregnancy. Descriptive statistics included means, standard deviations, ranges, and frequencies. Associations between demographic characteristics and alcohol consumption were assessed using chi-square tests, independent sample t tests, one-way analyses of variances, and Spearman correlations. Results. Of the 802 women sampled, 539 (67.2%) reported drinking alcohol in the 2 mo prior to learning they were pregnant, 96 (12%) reported drinking alcohol during their current pregnancy, and 28.1% reported knowing other women who had consumed alcohol during pregnancy. Higher alcohol consumption rates before pregnancy were found among women in their first pregnancies, women with advance education, Jews, and secular women. About 40% of the sample reported they had not received any education about the dangers of consuming alcohol during pregnancy.Conclusions. A high percentage of pregnant women in Israel drank alcohol close to conception and during pregnancy. Although most of the woman ceased drinking after realizing they were pregnant, a still-worrying percentage continued consuming alcohol and had low knowledge and awareness of the plausible dangers of this behavior. Formal dissemination of information on this topic by healthcare professionals treating pregnant woman did not reach many of them. The results emphasize an urgent need for better education of both professionals and the lay public to increase awareness of the consequences of consuming alcohol during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Psychological and Demographic Determinants of Substance Use and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Mougharbel ◽  
Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga ◽  
Brandon Heidinger ◽  
Kim Corace ◽  
Hayley A. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
High Income ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

Background: Alcohol consumption and distress have increased among Canadians since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We examined whether sociodemographic and COVID-19-related worries are associated with various combinations of alcohol consumption and comorbid psychological distress variables among a Canadian sample of adults. Data were derived from a sample of Canadian adults (N = 1,005, 49.6% female) who participated in an online survey in May 2020. Four multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of binge drinking, increased alcohol consumption during the pandemic, and psychological distress. Predictor variables used in the analyses included self-reported sociodemographic characteristics, financial worries, COVID-19 impact on work, and worrying about getting ill.Results: Women were found to have higher odds of increased drinking and anxiety. Also being divorced, separated, or widowed was associated with higher odds of binge drinking and anxiety, and binge drinking and depression. Furthermore, being 60 or older was associated with lower odds of binge drinking and depression and increased drinking and depression, as well as lower odds of increased drinking and depression and increased drinking and anxiety. High income groups were associated with higher odds of binge drinking, increased drinking, and mental distress. Compared to those less worried, being very worried about finances were associated with higher odds of binge drinking and anxiety, increased drinking and anxiety, and increased drinking and depression. Also, being very worried about getting ill with COVID was associated with higher odds of binge drinking and anxiety and increased drinking and anxiety.Conclusion: Our findings identify several demographic and COVID-related worries for increased odds of alcohol intake and co-morbid psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, including identifying as a woman, high income groups, being divorced, separated or widowed, and experiencing financial worries and COVID illness worries. These characteristics should be considered when developing prevention and treatment programs for adults with problematic alcohol use and comorbid anxiety and depression.

SARS-COV2 virus and Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Mohamed J. Saadh ◽  
Bashar Haj Rashid M ◽  
Roa’a Matar ◽  
Sajeda Riyad Aldibs ◽  
Hala Sbaih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

SARS-COV2 virus causes Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and represents the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. The novel coronavirus (2019) was discovered in 2019 in Wuhan, the market of the wet animal, China with viral pneumonia cases and is life-threatening. Today, WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. COVID-19 is likely to be zoonotic. It is transmitted from bats as intermediary animals to human. Also, the virus is transmitted from human to human who is in close contact with others. The computerized tomographic chest scan is usually abnormal even in those with no symptoms or mild disease. Treatment is nearly supportive; the role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. The SARS-COV2 virus spreads faster than its two ancestors, the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. In this article, we aimed to summarize the transmission, symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine to control the spread of this fatal disease.

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