scholarly journals The Role of CO2 as a Mild Oxidant in Oxidation and Dehydrogenation over Catalysts: A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Sheikh Tareq Rahman ◽  
Jang-Rak Choi ◽  
Jong-Hoon Lee ◽  
Soo-Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Dehydrogenation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Cost

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is widely used as an enhancer for industrial applications, enabling the economical and energy-efficient synthesis of a wide variety of chemicals and reducing the CO2 levels in the environment. CO2 has been used as an enhancer in a catalytic system which has revived the exploitation of energy-extensive reactions and carry chemical products. CO2 oxidative dehydrogenation is a greener alternative to the classical dehydrogenation method. The availability, cost, safety, and soft oxidizing properties of CO2, with the assistance of appropriate catalysts at an industrial scale, can lead to breakthroughs in the pharmaceutical, polymer, and fuel industries. Thus, in this review, we focus on several applications of CO2 in oxidation and oxidative dehydrogenation systems. These processes and catalytic technologies can reduce the cost of utilizing CO2 in chemical and fuel production, which may lead to commercial applications in the imminent future.

scholarly journals Correction: Role of enhanced solubility in esterification of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with ethylene glycol at reduced temperatures: energy efficient synthesis of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 954-954
Author(s):  
Anup S. Joshi ◽  
Niloofar Alipourasiabi ◽  
Yong-Wah Kim ◽  
Maria R. Coleman ◽  
Joseph G. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Enhanced Solubility ◽  
Furandicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Correction for ‘Role of enhanced solubility in esterification of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with ethylene glycol at reduced temperatures: energy efficient synthesis of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)’ by Anup S. Joshi et al., React. Chem. Eng., 2018, 3, 447–453.

Role of enhanced solubility in esterification of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with ethylene glycol at reduced temperatures: energy efficient synthesis of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup S. Joshi ◽  
Niloofar Alipourasiabi ◽  
Yong-Wah Kim ◽  
Maria R. Coleman ◽  
Joseph G. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Enhanced Solubility ◽  
Furandicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Poly Ethylene

The enhanced solubility of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid in ethylene glycol results in faster kinetics at lower temperatures compared to conventional reaction temperatures for polyesters.

scholarly journals SOFCEV: Conventional LCC reduction and NPV based on savings in fixed carbon by sugarcane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Rodrigues de Moraes ◽  
Vanessa de Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Luis Hernández-Callejo ◽  
Bárbara De Noronha Gonçalves ◽  
Ronney Arismel Mancebo Boloy
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Carbon Pricing ◽  
Fuel Demand ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Cost

Carbon pricing is a cost-effective method for mitigating climate impacts. This article examines the conventional life cycle cost (LCC), net present value (NPV), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (SOFCEV) powered by Brazilian fuels. The cost reduction potential of the SOFCEV was evaluated, considering the Brazilian productivity of sugarcane and the carbon fixed by these plantations, through the mechanism of carbon credits sale. Sugarcane ethanol and gasoline C (73% gasoline A and 27% anhydrous ethanol) were considered. Three scenarios were outlined: a) Cost of investment, fuel production, and vehicle maintenance and operation in USD/km, over a 10-year amortization period; b) SOFCEV emission cost from well-to-wheel added to cost (a); c) Cost of carbon fixed by hectares of sugarcane in Brazil necessary to supply the fuel demand of the SOFCEV subtracted from (b). Results showed that the ethanol-fuelled SOFCEV attends the carbon-neutral cycle, since the carbon credit sale resulted in an avoided cost 1.1 times higher than the emissions cost. Gasoline C showed similar results for the three scenarios, with an emission cost 2.5 times higher than the avoided cost. Carbon pricing was not sufficient to make the technology more viable for consumer, with an expected NPV of -USD 8006.38 after the amortization period. Thus, it is expected to obtain economic indicators to encourage the use of biofuels in electric fleets.

scholarly journals Review of the selection Criteria for energy auditor to identify the energy efficient projects

2012 ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
Jitendra Verma ◽  
Mukesh Dubey ◽  
Arvind Ojha ◽  
Ajay Bangar ◽  
Sanjay goyal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Price Negotiations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Analytical Requirements

This study indicated the role of energy auditor to identify the energy efficient projects. Three main types of audits are: Preliminary, Single Purpose, and Comprehensive. Selecting the appropriate type of audit for your facility saves you time and money. Each type is distinguished by the level of detail and analysis required to complete the audit. The less detailed the audit, the less accurate the estimates of project costs and energy savings. Depending on your organization’s contracting requirements, the consultant who will conduct the energy audit and prepare the technical report can be selected either by sole source or competitive bid. The cost of an audit can be determined through price negotiations or competitive bidding. In either case, you must inform the bidders of the scope of the audit and its minimum reporting and analytical requirements, such as those contained in the Energy Commission’s feasibility study guide. This is to ensure that you are getting audit costs for comparable work.

Hostile Takeovers and Anti-takeover Defenses in the Russian Corporate Market

2007 ◽  
pp. 70-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Demidova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Hostile Takeovers ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Takeover Defenses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
European Markets

This article analyzes definitions and the role of hostile takeovers at the Russian and European markets for corporate control. It develops the methodology of assessing the efficiency of anti-takeover defenses adapted to the conditions of the Russian market. The paper uses the cost-benefit analysis, where the costs and benefits of the pre-bid and post-bid defenses are compared.

Motivating Energy-Efficient Behavior with Green IS: An Investigation of Goal Setting and the Role of Defaults

MIS Quarterly ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1313-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire-Michelle Loock ◽  
◽  
Thorsten Staake ◽  
Frédéric Thiesse ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Green Is

Editor in Chief’s Note on the Green Hydrogen Fuel from Solar / Wind Power

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ehsan Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
Trade War ◽  
The Cost

Renewable and sustainable energy has an evolving story as the ongoing trade war in the word is influencing crude oil prices. Moreover, the global warming is an inevitable consequence of the worldwide increasing rate of fossil fuel utilization which has persuaded the governments to invest on the clean and sustainable energy resources. In recent years, the cost of green energy has tumbled, making the price of renewables competitive to the fossil fuels. Although, the hydrogen fuel is still extremely expensive compared to the crude oil price, investigations about clean hydrogen fuel production and utilization has been developed significantly which demonstrate the importance of the hydrogen fuel in the future. This article aims to scrutinize the importance of green hydrogen fuel production from solar/wind energy.

BIO-FUEL PRODUCTION FROM CARBONDIOXIDE GAS USING S. elongatus PCC 7942 FROM CYANOBACTERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Teresa Sponza ◽  
Cansu Doğanx
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Butanol Production ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Cost Analyses ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
O2 Concentration ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pcc 7942 ◽  
Dissolved O2

The scope of this study, is  1-butanol production from CO2 with S. elongatus PCC 7942 culture. The yields of 1-butanolproduced/CO2utilized have been calculated. The maximum concentration of produced 1- butanol is 35.37 mg/L and 1-butanolproduced/CO2utilized efficiency is 92.4. The optimum operational conditions were  30°C temperature, 60 W intensity of light, pH= 7.1, 120 mV redox potential, 0.083 m3/sn flow rate with CO2 and 0.5 mg/l dissolved O2 concentration. Among the enzymes on the metabolic trail of the production of 1-butanol via using S. elongatus PCC 7942 cyanobacteria. At maximum yield; the measured concentrations are 0.016 µg/ml for hbd; 0.0022 µg/ml for Ter and 0.0048 µg/ml for AdhE2. The cost analyses necessary for 1-butanol production has been done and the cost of 1 litre 1-butanol has been determined as maximum 1.31 TL/L.

Changing Role of Agriculture in Income and Employment, and Trends of Agricultural Worker Productivity in Indian States

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-189
Keyword(s):  
Green Revolution ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Agricultural Worker ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Changing Role

The productivity of land has been often discussed and deliberated by the academia and policymakers to understand agriculture, however, very few studies have focused on the agriculture worker productivity to analyze this sector. This study concentrates on the productivity of agricultural workers from across the states taking two-time points into consideration. The agriculture worker productivity needs to be dealt with seriously and on a time series basis so that the marginal productivity of worker can be ascertained but also the dependency of worker on agriculture gets revealed. There is still disguised unemployment in all the states and high level of labour migration, yet most of the states showed the dependency has gone down. Although a state like Madhya Pradesh is doing very well in terms of income earned but that is at the cost of increased worker power in agriculture as a result of which, the productivity of worker has gone down. States like Mizoram, Meghalaya, Nagaland and Tripura, though small in size showed remarkable growth in productivity and all these states showed a positive trend in terms of worker shifting away from agriculture. The traditional states which gained the most from Green Revolution of the sixties are performing decently well, but they need to have the next major policy push so that they move to the next orbit of growth.

Music publications in Galicia in the 19th — beginning of the 20th centuries: production, advertising, pricing

2019 ◽  
pp. 481-499
Author(s):  
Olga Osadtsia
Keyword(s):  
Book Publishing ◽  
Initial Form ◽  
Music Production ◽  
Bibliographic Information ◽  
Financial Factor ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Book Selling ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Import Trade

The main forms and methods of distribution of music publications in Galicia in the XIX — early XX centuries are scrutinized. The demand for the relevant music production is one of the determining factors in the formation of the musical publishing repertoire, its structure and special features in the process of the existence of music publications in society. It is noted that export-import trade in books has become especially widespread in Galicia; there are facts about the links between publishers and booksellers in Lviv and Warsaw. The basic types of presentation of book advertising of music products, its regional peculiarities, and ways of its placement are considered. Special emphasis is placed on the role of specialized press in the advertising of music products, typical examples of press advertising. The registration bibliographic information as the initial form of music bibliography and the forms of its compilation are distinguished. The emphasis is placed on the importance of thorough critical articles as a separate typological group of bibliographic publications under the conditions of formation of the Ukrainian bibliography, in which the main importance is given to the disclosure of the content and evaluation of the reviewed work. The combination of article genres and reviews on examples of separate publications by Stanislav Lyudkevych and Ivan Franko is traced. Special book-selling and book-publishing catalogs are characterized. While executing the marketing and advertising function, these directories were addressed primarily to foreign consumers and distributors (the so-called commissioners).One way to distribute music is to subscribe through libraries. A significant financial factor in the distribution of any printed matter was the price that depended primarily on the cost of each process associated with its publication. Keywords: music publications, bookstore, book-trading enterprise, advertising of publications, pricing.

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