scholarly journals Changes in the Kinematic and Kinetic Characteristics of Lunge Footwork during the Fatiguing Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8703
Author(s):  
Yanyan Du ◽  
Yubo Fan
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Injury Risk Factor ◽  
Optical Motion Capture

Fatigue is a major injury risk factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on lunging during the fatiguing process. The lower extremity joint kinematics and kinetics of fifteen male collegiate badminton players were simultaneously recorded by optical motion-capture and force plate systems during lunging. In addition to statistical analyses of discrete variables, one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (SPM (1D)) was used to analyze the waveform data. The hypotheses were that the biomechanics of lunging maneuvers would change during the fatiguing process, and the fatigue effects would differ in different periods (I–V) of the stance phase and in different joints. Results showed that the initial contact angles, peak angles, moments, power, and time needed to reach the peak angles at the hip, knee, and ankle in the sagittal plane all decreased post-fatigue. A continuous decreasing tendency was reflected in the moments and power of hip and, in particular, knee joints (mostly p < 0.001). Period IV showed a significant fatigue response. In conclusion, both discrete and waveform data illustrated the effects of fatigue, however, the results of SPM (1D) analysis showed both the key period and body segments affected by the fatigue response.

Ankle Dorsiflexion Displacement During Landing is Associated With Initial Contact Kinematics but not Joint Displacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Begalle ◽  
Meghan C. Walsh ◽  
Melanie L. McGrath ◽  
Michelle C. Boling ◽  
J. Troy Blackburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Joint Displacement ◽  
Jump Landings

The ankle, knee, and hip joints work together in the sagittal plane to absorb landing forces. Reduced sagittal plane motion at the ankle may alter landing strategies at the knee and hip, potentially increasing injury risk; however, no studies have examined the kinematic relationships between the joints during jump landings. Healthy adults (N = 30; 15 male, 15 female) performed jump landings onto a force plate while three-dimensional kinematic data were collected. Joint displacement values were calculated during the loading phase as the difference between peak and initial contact angles. No relationship existed between ankle dorsiflexion displacement during landing and three-dimensional knee and hip displacements. However, less ankle dorsiflexion displacement was associated with landing at initial ground contact with larger hip flexion, hip internal rotation, knee flexion, knee varus, and smaller plantar flexion angles. Findings of the current study suggest that restrictions in ankle motion during landing may contribute to contacting the ground in a more flexed position but continuing through little additional motion to absorb the landing. Transverse plane hip and frontal plane knee positioning may also occur, which are known to increase the risk of lower extremity injury.

scholarly journals The Effect of Kinesiotape on Flexion-Extension of the Thoracolumbar Back in Horses at Trot

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Cajsa Ericson ◽  
Pernilla Stenfeldt ◽  
Aagje Hardeman ◽  
Inger Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Movement Strategies ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Optical Motion Capture

Kinesiotape theoretically stimulates mechanoreceptive and proprioceptive sensory pathways that in turn may modulate the neuromuscular activity and locomotor function, so alteration of activation, locomotion and/or range of motion (ROM) can be achieved. The aim of this study was to determine whether kinesiotape applied to the abdominal muscles would affect the ROM in flexion-extension (sagittal plane) in the thoracolumbar back of horses at trot. The study design was a paired experimental study, with convenient sample. Each horse was randomly placed in the control or the intervention group and then the order reversed. Eight horses trotted at their own preferred speed in hand on a straight line, 2 × 30 m. Optical motion capture was used to collect kinematic data. Paired t-tests, normality tests and 1-Sample Wilcoxon test were used to assess the effects of the kinesiotape. No statistical significance (p < 0.05) for changes in flexion-extension of the thoracolumbar back in trot was shown in this group of horses. Some changes were shown indicating individual movement strategies in response to stimuli from the kinesiotape. More research in this popular and clinically used method is needed to fully understand the reacting mechanisms in horses.

scholarly journals Anticipatory Effects on Lower Extremity Neuromechanics During a Cutting Task

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn M. Meinerz ◽  
Philip Malloy ◽  
Christopher F. Geiser ◽  
Kristof Kipp
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Internal Joint ◽  
External Rotator

Context  Continued research into the mechanism of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury helps to improve clinical interventions and injury-prevention strategies. A better understanding of the effects of anticipation on landing neuromechanics may benefit training interventions. Objective  To determine the effects of anticipation on lower extremity neuromechanics during a single-legged land-and-cut task. Design  Controlled laboratory study. Setting  University biomechanics laboratory. Participants  Eighteen female National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate soccer players (age = 19.7 ± 0.8 years, height = 167.3 ± 6.0 cm, mass = 66.1 ± 2.1 kg). Intervention(s)  Participants performed a single-legged land-and-cut task under anticipated and unanticipated conditions. Main Outcome Measure(s)  Three-dimensional initial contact angles, peak joint angles, and peak internal joint moments and peak vertical ground reaction forces and sagittal-plane energy absorption of the 3 lower extremity joints; muscle activation of selected hip- and knee-joint muscles. Results  Unanticipated cuts resulted in less knee flexion at initial contact and greater ankle toe-in displacement. Unanticipated cuts were also characterized by greater internal hip-abductor and external-rotator moments and smaller internal knee-extensor and external-rotator moments. Muscle-activation profiles during unanticipated cuts were associated with greater activation of the gluteus maximus during the precontact and landing phases. Conclusions  Performing a cutting task under unanticipated conditions changed lower extremity neuromechanics compared with anticipated conditions. Most of the observed changes in lower extremity neuromechanics indicated the adoption of a hip-focused strategy during the unanticipated condition.

Foot and Ankle Kinematics During Descent From Varying Step Heights

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Gerstle ◽  
Kristian O’Connor ◽  
Kevin G. Keenan ◽  
Stephen C. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Step Height ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Foot Kinematics ◽  
Ankle Kinematics ◽  
Foot Model ◽  
Weight Acceptance

In the general population, one-third of incidences during step negotiation occur during the transition to level walking. Furthermore, falls during curb negotiation are a common cause of injury in older adults. Distal foot kinematics may be an important factor in determining injury risk associated with transition step negotiation. The purpose of this study was to identify foot and ankle kinematics of uninjured individuals during descent from varying step heights. A 7-segment foot model was used to quantify kinematics as participants walked on a level walkway, stepped down a single step (heights: 5 cm, 15 cm, 25 cm), and continued walking. As step height increased, landing strategy transitioned from the rearfoot to the forefoot, and the rearfoot, lateral and medial midfoot, and medial forefoot became more plantar flexed. During weight acceptance, sagittal plane range of motion of the rearfoot, lateral midfoot, and medial and lateral forefoot increased as step height increased. The changes in landing strategy and distal foot function suggest a less stable ankle position at initial contact and increased demand on the distal foot at initial contact and through the weight acceptance phase of transition step negotiation as step height increases.

scholarly journals Feature extraction and gait classification in hip replacement patients on the basis of kinematic waveform data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Carlo Dindorf ◽  
Wolfgang Teufl ◽  
Bertram Taetz ◽  
Stephan Becker ◽  
Gabriele Bleser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
Abnormal Gait ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Optical Motion

Abstract Study aim: To find out, without relying on gait-specific assumptions or prior knowledge, which parameters are most important for the description of asymmetrical gait in patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Material and methods: The gait of 22 patients after THA was recorded using an optical motion capture system. The waveform data of the marker positions, velocities, and accelerations, as well as joint and segment angles, were used as initial features. The random forest (RF) and minimum-redundancy maximum-relevance (mRMR) algorithms were chosen for feature selection. The results were compared with those obtained from the use of different dimensionality reduction methods. Results: Hip movement in the sagittal plane, knee kinematics in the frontal and sagittal planes, marker position data of the anterior and posterior superior iliac spine, and acceleration data for markers placed at the proximal end of the fibula are highly important for classification (accuracy: 91.09%). With feature selection, better results were obtained compared to dimensionality reduction. Conclusion: The proposed approaches can be used to identify and individually address abnormal gait patterns during the rehabilitation process via waveform data. The results indicate that position and acceleration data also provide significant information for this task.

Dynamic Joint Motions in Occupational Environments as Indicators of Potential Musculoskeletal Injury Risk

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Dufour ◽  
Alexander M. Aurand ◽  
Eric B. Weston ◽  
Christopher N. Haritos ◽  
Reid A. Souchereau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Motion Capture System ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Optical Motion Capture ◽  
Joint Motions

The objective of this study was to test the feasibility of using a pair of wearable inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors to accurately capture dynamic joint motion data during simulated occupational conditions. Eleven subjects (5 males and 6 females) performed repetitive neck, low-back, and shoulder motions simulating low- and high-difficulty occupational tasks in a laboratory setting. Kinematics for each of the 3 joints were measured via IMU sensors in addition to a “gold standard” passive marker optical motion capture system. The IMU accuracy was benchmarked relative to the optical motion capture system, and IMU sensitivity to low- and high-difficulty tasks was evaluated. The accuracy of the IMU sensors was found to be very good on average, but significant positional drift was observed in some trials. In addition, IMU measurements were shown to be sensitive to differences in task difficulty in all 3 joints (P < .05). These results demonstrate the feasibility for using wearable IMU sensors to capture kinematic exposures as potential indicators of occupational injury risk. Velocities and accelerations demonstrate the most potential for developing risk metrics since they are sensitive to task difficulty and less sensitive to drift than rotational position measurements.

Running Biomechanics of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disoder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter J. Bennett ◽  
Justin Haegele
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Knee Abduction ◽  
Running Biomechanics ◽  
Adolescents With Asd

Abstract Research examining gait biomechanics of persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has grown significantly in recent years and has demonstrated that persons with ASD walk at slower self-selected speeds and with shorter strides, wider step widths, and reduced lower extremity range of motion and moments compared to neurotypical controls. In contrast to walking, running has yet to be examined in persons with ASD. The purpose of this study was to examine lower extremity running biomechanics in adolescents (13-18-year-olds) with ASD and matched (age, sex, and body mass index) neurotypical controls. Three-dimensional kinematics and ground reaction forces (GRF) were recorded while participants ran at two matched speeds: self-selected speed of adolescents with ASD and at 3.0m/s. Sagittal and frontal plane lower extremity biomechanics and vertical GRFs were compared using two-way ANOVAs via statistical parametric mapping. Adolescents with ASD ran with reduced stride length at self-selected speed and reduced vertical displacement, loading-propulsion GRFs, propulsion plantarflexion moments, loading-propulsion hip abduction moments, and loading knee abduction moments at both speeds. Running at 3.0m/s increased sagittal plane hip and knee moments surrounding initial contact and frontal plane knee angles during mid stance and propulsion compared to self-selected speeds. Reduced contributions from primarily the ankle plantarflexion but also knee abduction and hip abduction moments likely reduced the vertical GRF and displacement. As differences favored reduced loading, youth with ASD can safely be encouraged to engage in running as a physical activity.

scholarly journals Realtime assessment of foot orientation by Accelerometers and Gyroscopes

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 446-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Seel ◽  
David Graurock ◽  
Thomas Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Ferromagnetic Material ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
Optical Motion Capture ◽  
Magnetic Disturbances

AbstractFoot orientation can be assessed in realtime by means of a foot-mounted inertial sensor. We consider a method that uses only accelerometer and gyroscope readings to calculate the foot pitch and roll angle, i.e. the foot orientation angle in the sagittal and frontal plane, respectively. Since magnetometers are avoided completely, the method can be used indoors as well as in the proximity of ferromagnetic material and magnetic disturbances. Furthermore, we allow for almost arbitrary mounting orientation in the sense that we only assume one of the local IMU coordinate axes to lie in the sagittal plane of the foot. The method is validated with respect to a conventional optical motion capture system in trials with transfemoral amputees walking with shoes and healthy subjects walking barefoot, both at different velocities. Root mean square deviations of less than 4° are found in all scenarios, while values near 2° are found in slow shoe walking. This demonstrates that the proposed method is suitable for realtime application such as the control of FES-based gait neuroprostheses and active orthoses.

Increased Ankle Range of Motion Reduces Knee Loads During Landing in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Schroeder ◽  
Rachel L. Tatarski ◽  
Joshua T. Weinhandl
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Landing Mechanics

Decreased dorsiflexion range of motion (DROM) can be modified using static stretching and joint mobilizations and may attenuate known knee anterior cruciate ligament injury risk factors. It is not known how these interventions compare to each other and how they improve knee landing mechanics. This study’s purpose was to determine the immediate effects of static stretching and joint mobilization interventions on DROM measurement changes and right-leg drop jump knee landing mechanics. Eighteen females and 7 males, all recreationally active, completed 2 study sessions. Active and passive DROM, the weight-bearing lunge test, the anterior reach portion of the Star Excursion Balance Test, and a right-leg drop jump landing task were completed before and after the intervention. Change in DROM (ΔDROM) was calculated for DROM assessments between preintervention and postintervention. Pairwise dependent t tests determined no differences in ΔDROM between interventions, and statistical parametric mapping determined increased knee flexion (P = .004) and decreased anterior shear force (P = .015) during landing after both interventions. Increased DROM improves sagittal plane displacement and loading at the knee. Stretching may be a more feasible option in a healthy population for those wanting to maintain range of motion and decrease knee injury risk without physical therapist involvement.

Jumping in Ballet: A Systematic Review of Kinetic and Kinematic Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-128
Author(s):  
Adam Mattiussi ◽  
Joseph W Shaw ◽  
Derrick D Brown ◽  
Phil Price ◽  
Daniel D Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Plane Joint

AIMS: Understanding the biomechanics of jumping in ballet dancers provides an opportunity to optimize performance and mitigate injury risk. This systematic review aimed to summarize research investigating kinetics and kinematics of jumping in ballet dancers. METHODS: PubMed (MEDLINE), SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies published before December 2020. Studies were required to investigate dancers specializing in ballet, assess kinetics or kinematics during take-off or landing, and be published in English. RESULTS: A total of 3,781 articles were identified, of which 29 met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies investigated take-off (kinetics: n = 6; kinematics: n = 4) and 23 studies investigated landing (kinetics: n = 19; kinematics: n = 12). Included articles were categorized into six themes: Activity Type (n = 10), Environment and Equipment (n = 10), Demographics (n = 8), Physical Characteristics (n = 3), Injury Status (n = 2), and Skill Acquisition and Motor Control (n = 1). Peak landing vertical ground reaction force (1.4 x 9.6 times body weight) was most commonly reported. Limited evidence suggests greater ankle involvement during the take-off of ballet jumps compared to countermovement jumps. There is also limited evidence indicating greater sagittal plane joint excursions upon landing in ballet dancers compared to non-dancers, primarily through a more extended lower extremity at initial contact. Only 4 articles investigated male ballet dancers, which is a notable gap in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this review can be used by dance science and medicine practitioners to improve their understanding of jumping in ballet dancers.

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