scholarly journals The Effect of Kinesiotape on Flexion-Extension of the Thoracolumbar Back in Horses at Trot

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Cajsa Ericson ◽  
Pernilla Stenfeldt ◽  
Aagje Hardeman ◽  
Inger Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Movement Strategies ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Optical Motion Capture

Kinesiotape theoretically stimulates mechanoreceptive and proprioceptive sensory pathways that in turn may modulate the neuromuscular activity and locomotor function, so alteration of activation, locomotion and/or range of motion (ROM) can be achieved. The aim of this study was to determine whether kinesiotape applied to the abdominal muscles would affect the ROM in flexion-extension (sagittal plane) in the thoracolumbar back of horses at trot. The study design was a paired experimental study, with convenient sample. Each horse was randomly placed in the control or the intervention group and then the order reversed. Eight horses trotted at their own preferred speed in hand on a straight line, 2 × 30 m. Optical motion capture was used to collect kinematic data. Paired t-tests, normality tests and 1-Sample Wilcoxon test were used to assess the effects of the kinesiotape. No statistical significance (p < 0.05) for changes in flexion-extension of the thoracolumbar back in trot was shown in this group of horses. Some changes were shown indicating individual movement strategies in response to stimuli from the kinesiotape. More research in this popular and clinically used method is needed to fully understand the reacting mechanisms in horses.

scholarly journals Validation of IMU-Based Gait Event Detection During Curved Walking and Turning in Older Adults and Parkinson's Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbin Romijnders ◽  
Elke Warmerdam ◽  
Clint Hansen ◽  
Julius Welzel ◽  
Gerhard Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Detection Performance ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Optical Motion Capture ◽  
Task Conditions

Abstract Background: Identication of individual gait events is essential for clinical gait analysis, because it can beused for diagnostic purposes or tracking disease progression in neurological diseases such as Parkinson'sdisease. Previous research has shown that gait events can be detected from a shank-mounted inertialmeasurement unit (IMU), however detection performance was often evaluated only from straight-line walking.For use in daily life, the detection performance needs to be evaluated in curved walking and turning as well asin single-task and dual-task conditions.Methods: Participants (older adults, people with Parkinson's disease, or people who had suered from astroke) performed three dierent walking trials: 1) straight-line walking, 2) slalom walking, 3) Stroop-and-walktrial. An optical motion capture system was used a reference system. Markers were attached to the heel andtoe regions of the shoe, and participants wore IMUs on the lateral sides of both shanks. The angular velocity ofthe shank IMUs was used to detect instances of initial foot contact (IC) and nal foot contact (FC), whichwere compared to reference values obtained from the marker trajectories.Results: The detection method showed high recall, precision and F1 scores in dierent populations for bothinitial contacts and nal contacts during straight-line walking (IC: recall = 100%, precision = 100%, F1 score= 100%; FC: recall = 100%, precision = 100%, F1 score = 100%), slalom walking (IC: recall = 100%,precision 99%, F1 score =100%; FC: recall = 100%, precision 99%, F1 score =100%), and turning (IC:recall 85%, precision 95%, F1 score 91%; FC: recall 84%, precision 95%, F1 score 89%).Conclusions: Shank-mounted IMUs can be used to detect gait events during straight-line walking, slalomwalking and turning. However, more false events were observed during turning and more events were missedduring turning. For use in daily life we recommend identifying turning before extracting temporal gaitparameters from identied gait events.

scholarly journals Comparison of modelling and tracking methods for analysing elbow and forearm kinematics

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (11) ◽  
pp. 1113-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
Mariska Wesseling ◽  
Bin Xue ◽  
Feiyue Li
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Estimation ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Optical Motion Capture

This study aimed to find an optimal measurement protocol of elbow and forearm kinematics using different modelling and tracking methods. Kinematic data of elbow flexion/extension and forearm pronation/supination was acquired using optical motion capture from 12 healthy male volunteers. Segment coordinate systems for humerus, forearm, radius, ulna, and hand were defined. Different tracking methods, using anatomical markers or rigid or point maker clusters, were used to compute the three-dimensional rotations. Marker placement errors were assessed to evaluate the rigid body assumption. Multiple comparisons demonstrated statistical differences between tracking methods: compared to using only anatomical markers, tracking using clusters reduced the estimated range of pronation/supination by 14.9%–43.2%, while it estimated increased flexion/extension by 5.3%–9.1%. The study suggests using only anatomical markers exerts the optimal estimation of elbow and forearm kinematics. Modelling using the coordinate systems of the humerus and forearm and of the humerus and ulna, respectively, demonstrated good consistency with literature and are correspondingly regarded as the most appropriate approach for measuring pronation/supination and flexion/extension. The results are valuable in establishing a measurement protocol for analysing elbow and forearm kinematics, avoiding confusions and misinterpretations in communicating results from different methodologies.

scholarly journals Accuracy of a Low-Cost 3D-Printed Wearable Goniometer for Measuring Wrist Motion

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4799
Author(s):  
Calvin Young ◽  
Sarah DeDecker ◽  
Drew Anderson ◽  
Michele L. Oliver ◽  
Karen D. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Motion Capture System ◽  
Wrist Motion ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Optical Motion Capture

Wrist motion provides an important metric for disease monitoring and occupational risk assessment. The collection of wrist kinematics in occupational or other real-world environments could augment traditional observational or video-analysis based assessment. We have developed a low-cost 3D printed wearable device, capable of being produced on consumer grade desktop 3D printers. Here we present a preliminary validation of the device against a gold standard optical motion capture system. Data were collected from 10 participants performing a static angle matching task while seated at a desk. The wearable device output was significantly correlated with the optical motion capture system yielding a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.991 and 0.972 for flexion/extension (FE) and radial/ulnar deviation (RUD) respectively (p < 0.0001). Error was similarly low with a root mean squared error of 4.9° (FE) and 3.9° (RUD). Agreement between the two systems was quantified using Bland–Altman analysis, with bias and 95% limits of agreement of 3.1° ± 7.4° and −0.16° ± 7.7° for FE and RUD, respectively. These results compare favourably with current methods for occupational assessment, suggesting strong potential for field implementation.

scholarly journals Validation of an IMU Suit for Military-Based Tasks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Mavor ◽  
Gwyneth B. Ross ◽  
Allison L. Clouthier ◽  
Thomas Karakolis ◽  
Ryan B. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Optical Motion Capture ◽  
Optical Markers ◽  
Full Body

Investigating the effects of load carriage on military soldiers using optical motion capture is challenging. However, inertial measurement units (IMUs) provide a promising alternative. Our purpose was to compare optical motion capture with an Xsens IMU system in terms of movement reconstruction using principal component analysis (PCA) using correlation coefficients and joint kinematics using root mean squared error (RMSE). Eighteen civilians performed military-type movements while their motion was recorded using both optical and IMU-based systems. Tasks included walking, running, and transitioning between running, kneeling, and prone positions. PCA was applied to both the optical and virtual IMU markers, and the correlations between the principal component (PC) scores were assessed. Full-body joint angles were calculated and compared using RMSE between optical markers, IMU data, and virtual markers generated from IMU data with and without coordinate system alignment. There was good agreement in movement reconstruction using PCA; the average correlation coefficient was 0.81 ± 0.14. RMSE values between the optical markers and IMU data for flexion-extension were less than 9°, and 15° for the lower and upper limbs, respectively, across all tasks. The underlying biomechanical model and associated coordinate systems appear to influence RMSE values the most. The IMU system appears appropriate for capturing and reconstructing full-body motion variability for military-based movements.

scholarly journals Realtime assessment of foot orientation by Accelerometers and Gyroscopes

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 446-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Seel ◽  
David Graurock ◽  
Thomas Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Ferromagnetic Material ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
Optical Motion Capture ◽  
Magnetic Disturbances

AbstractFoot orientation can be assessed in realtime by means of a foot-mounted inertial sensor. We consider a method that uses only accelerometer and gyroscope readings to calculate the foot pitch and roll angle, i.e. the foot orientation angle in the sagittal and frontal plane, respectively. Since magnetometers are avoided completely, the method can be used indoors as well as in the proximity of ferromagnetic material and magnetic disturbances. Furthermore, we allow for almost arbitrary mounting orientation in the sense that we only assume one of the local IMU coordinate axes to lie in the sagittal plane of the foot. The method is validated with respect to a conventional optical motion capture system in trials with transfemoral amputees walking with shoes and healthy subjects walking barefoot, both at different velocities. Root mean square deviations of less than 4° are found in all scenarios, while values near 2° are found in slow shoe walking. This demonstrates that the proposed method is suitable for realtime application such as the control of FES-based gait neuroprostheses and active orthoses.

scholarly journals The Influence of Backpack Weight and Hip Belt Tension on Movement and Loading in the Pelvis and Lower Limbs during Walking

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Katja Oberhofer ◽  
Patrick D. Wettenschwiler ◽  
Navrag Singh ◽  
Stephen J. Ferguson ◽  
Simon Annaheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Gait Biomechanics ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Optical Motion Capture ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Backpack Weight

The introduction of hip belts to backpacks has caused a shift of loading from the spine to the hips with reported improvements in musculoskeletal comfort. Yet the effects of different hip belt tensions on gait biomechanics remain largely unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the influence of backpack weight and hip belt tension on gait biomechanics. Data from optical motion capture and ground reaction forces (GRF) during walking were acquired in nine healthy male subjects (age 28.0 ± 3.9 years). Six configurations of a commercial backpack were analyzed, that is, 15 kg, 20 kg, and 25 kg loading with 30 N and 120 N hip belt tension. Joint ranges of motion (ROM), peak GRF, and joint moments during gait were analyzed for significant differences by repeated measures of ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc comparison. Increased loading led to a significant reduction of knee flexion-extension ROM as well as pelvis rotational ROM. No statistically significant effect of hip belt tension magnitudes on gait dynamics was found at any backpack weight, yet there was a trend of increased pelvis ROM in the transverse plane with higher hip belt tension at 25 kg loading. Further research is needed to elucidate the optimum hip belt tension magnitudes for different loading weights to reduce the risks of injury especially with higher loading.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ACUPUNCTURE REDUCING POINT ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF MUSCULAR STRENGTH OF STROKE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Dodik Hartono ◽  
Deny Prasetyanto ◽  
Ainul Yaqin Salam ◽  
Erna Handayani ◽  
Grido Handoko Sriyono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acupuncture Meridian

Background: Stroke is a disease caused by disruption of blood flow to areas of the brain that are blocked in the cerebral or cervical arteries which result in decreased or even loss of function controlled by brain tissue. One of the effects caused by stroke is hemiparesis. Rehabilitation therapy plays an important role in a comprehensive restoration of bodily functions due to stroke, this program aims to restore function to reduce disability, one of the treatments is to use acupuncture meridian points. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture meridian points in increasing muscle strength in stroke patients. Methods: The research design used in this study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. The number of samples of all stroke patients at the Holistic nursing therapy clinic in Probolinggo and the Healer School Jember Clinic that met the inclusion criteria from October 2020 to March 2021 were 270 respondents. Data collection techniques used observation sheets to assess muscle strength before and after the intervention of acupuncture meridian points in stroke patients. Data analysis used was the Wilcoxon test with a statistical significance value accepted if p <0.05. Results: The results of the data analysis of the intervention group showed a significant value of hand muscle strength (p 0.003; α 0.05) and leg (p 0.005, α 0.05) where (p <0.05) it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in strength. A muscle in the intervention group before and after being given acupuncture. The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant effect of acupuncture on lower and upper muscle strength. Conclusion: In general, the use of acupuncture meridian points can increase muscle strength in stroke patients, so the use of acupuncture meridian points can provide benefits for restoring muscle strength in stroke patients.

scholarly journals Differences in equine spinal kinematics between straight line and circle in trot

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Byström ◽  
A. M. Hardeman ◽  
F. M. Serra Bragança ◽  
L. Roepstorff ◽  
J. H. Swagemakers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Lateral Bending ◽  
Surface Data ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Soft Surface ◽  
Spinal Kinematics ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Multiple Trials ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Optical Motion Capture

AbstractWork on curved tracks, e.g. on circles, is commonplace within all forms of horse training. Horse movements in circles are naturally asymmetric, including the load distribution between inner and outer limbs. Within equestrian dressage the horse is expected to bend the back laterally to follow the circle, but this has never been studied scientifically. In the current study 12 horses were measured (optical motion capture, 100 Hz) trotting on left and right circles and on the straight without rider (soft surface). Data from markers placed along the spine indicated increased lateral bending to the inside (e.g. left bending on the left circle) of the thoracolumbar back (difference left circle vs. straight − 3.75°; right circle + 3.61°) and the neck (left − 5.23°; right + 4.80° vs. straight). Lateral bending ROM increased on the circle (+ 0.87° and + 0.62°). Individual variation in straight-circle differences was evident, but each horse was generally consistent over multiple trials. Differences in back movements between circle and straight were generally small and may or may not be visible, but accompanying changes in muscle activity and limb movements may add to the visual impression.

scholarly journals Sex-dependent differences in single-leg squat kinematics and their relationship to squat depth in physically active individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zawadka ◽  
Jakub Smolka ◽  
Maria Skublewska-Paszkowska ◽  
Edyta Lukasik ◽  
Aleksandra Bys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Kinematic Chain ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Maximal Angle ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Single Leg Squat ◽  
Optical Motion Capture ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The purpose of this study is to compare recreationally physically active females and males with regard to spine, pelvis and lower limb joints peak angles in each plane of motion during a single leg squat (SLS). The second aim is to investigate the relationship between kinematics and SLS depth in females and males. Fifty-eight healthy, young adults performed 5 repetitions of a single right leg squat to maximal depth while keeping their balance. Kinematic data were obtained using an optical motion capture system. At the hip, greater adduction and greater internal rotation were observed in females than in males. Females had more extended spines and less outward bended knees throughout the SLS than did men. In males, squat depth was significantly, positively correlated with the maximal angle of the ankle (r = 0.60, p < 0.001), the knee (r = 0.87, p < 0.001), the hip (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) and the pelvis (r = 0.40, p = 0.02) in the sagittal plane. A positive significant correlation was found between SLS depth and maximal angle of the knee (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and the ankle (r = 0.53, p = 0.01) in the sagittal plane in females. Males and females used different motor strategies at all levels of the kinematic chain during SLS.

scholarly journals Changes in the Kinematic and Kinetic Characteristics of Lunge Footwork during the Fatiguing Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8703
Author(s):  
Yanyan Du ◽  
Yubo Fan
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Injury Risk Factor ◽  
Optical Motion Capture

Fatigue is a major injury risk factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on lunging during the fatiguing process. The lower extremity joint kinematics and kinetics of fifteen male collegiate badminton players were simultaneously recorded by optical motion-capture and force plate systems during lunging. In addition to statistical analyses of discrete variables, one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (SPM (1D)) was used to analyze the waveform data. The hypotheses were that the biomechanics of lunging maneuvers would change during the fatiguing process, and the fatigue effects would differ in different periods (I–V) of the stance phase and in different joints. Results showed that the initial contact angles, peak angles, moments, power, and time needed to reach the peak angles at the hip, knee, and ankle in the sagittal plane all decreased post-fatigue. A continuous decreasing tendency was reflected in the moments and power of hip and, in particular, knee joints (mostly p < 0.001). Period IV showed a significant fatigue response. In conclusion, both discrete and waveform data illustrated the effects of fatigue, however, the results of SPM (1D) analysis showed both the key period and body segments affected by the fatigue response.

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