scholarly journals Can Agro-Industrial By-Products Rich in Polyphenols be Advantageously Used in the Feeding and Nutrition of Dairy Small Ruminants?

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Correddu ◽  
Mondina Francesca Lunesu ◽  
Giovanna Buffa ◽  
Alberto Stanislao Atzori ◽  
Anna Nudda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
By Products

Recently, the interest in industrial by-products produced at the local level in Mediterranean areas, resulting from fruit and vegetable processes, has increased because of their considerable amounts of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols. In this review, we analyze the most recent scientific results concerning the use of agro-industrial by-products, naturally rich in polyphenols (BPRP), in the diets of small dairy ruminants. Effects on milk production, milk and rumen liquor fatty acid profile, metabolic parameters, and methane production are reviewed. The feed intake and digestibility coefficients were generally depressed by BPRP, even though they were not always reflected in the milk yield. The main observed positive effects of BPRP were on quality of the milk’s FA profile, antioxidant activity in milk and blood, a reduction of rumen ammonia, and, consequently, a reduction of milk and blood urea. The expected beneficial effects of dietary polyphenols in small ruminants were not always observed because of their complex and variable matrices. However, owing to the large quantities of these products available at low prices, the use of BPRB in small ruminant nutrition offers a convenient solution to the valorization of residues arising from agricultural activities, reducing feed costs for farmers and conferring added value to dairy products at the local level, in a sustainable way.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of High, Medium, and Low Voltage Electrical Stimulation on the Meat Quality of Small Ruminants

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Archana Abhijith ◽  
Frank R. Dunshea ◽  
Robyn D. Warner ◽  
Brian J. Leury ◽  
Minh Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Fragmentation Index ◽  
Comprehensive Search

The current study is a meta-analysis of the effects of electrical stimulation (ES, n = 28 papers) with different voltages combined with different ageing periods (0–3, 4–7, and 8–14 days) on the meat quality of small ruminants. A comprehensive search for published studies on meat quality of small ruminants investigating the application of low, medium, and high voltage electrical stimulation, was performed using Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Forest plots, funnel plots, and other statistical tools and tests were used in the study to analyze the results. Electrical stimulation significantly reduced ultimate pH (p < 0.001), Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF) (p < 0.001), cooking loss (p < 0.05), and purge loss (p < 0.001). In addition, sarcomere length (p < 0.01), myofibrillar-fragmentation index (MFI) (p < 0.001), and color (L*, a*, b*) (p < 0.001) showed higher values in meat subjected to ES as compared with the control group. In conclusion, the meta-analysis revealed statistical proof of beneficial effects of ES on meat quality of small ruminants in terms of ultimate pH, tenderness, enhanced proteolysis, and higher colorimetric values.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Nutritional and Sensory Properties of Cocoa Pulp Beverage Supplemented with Pineapple Juice

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afolabi, O. ◽  
Ibitoye, O. ◽  
Agbaje, F.
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
By Products

One of the major unutilized by-products of cocoa is cocoa mucilage (pulp). Cocoa pulp can be fortified with nutrients such as vitamins from other sources or the juice can be blended with other fruit juices from fruits such as pineapple that are good sources of vitamins. The objective of this study is to produce Cocoa pulp beverage supplemented with pineapple juice. Cocoa Pulp (CP) was used to replace Pineapple juice (PJ) at 0, 50, 60 70, 80, 90 and 100% levels. The nutritional and sensory properties of the CP+PJ beverages were evaluated. The CP beverage contained increasing levels of calcium, iron, fat and phosphorus with increased levels of CP in the blend but lower amounts of protein, carbohydrates and vitamin C than the PJ. In the CP+PJ blends there were not any significantly effect on the pH, ash and crude fiber contents. However, Titratable Acidity increased from 5.43 to 5.92%. Of all the blends, the 50% PJ mixture received the best evaluation from panelists-higher sensory ratings-next to the 100% PJ that was the best performer in the tests. Incorporation of cocoa pulp in the new beverages added value to the cocoa by-product and offers new options of easy, convenient and highly nutritive beverages for children and adult at the local level.

scholarly journals Dietary Polyphenols: Promising Adjuvants for Colorectal Cancer Therapies

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4499
Author(s):  
Laura Bracci ◽  
Alessia Fabbri ◽  
Manuela Del Cornò ◽  
Lucia Conti
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Crc Management

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cancer type and a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advances in therapeutic management, the current medical treatments are not sufficient to control metastatic disease. Treatment-related adverse effects and drug resistance strongly contribute to therapy failure and tumor recurrence. Combination therapy, involving cytotoxic treatments and non-toxic natural compounds, is arousing great interest as a promising more effective and safer alternative. Polyphenols, a heterogeneous group of bioactive dietary compounds mainly found in fruit and vegetables, have received great attention for their capacity to modulate various molecular pathways active in cancer cells and to affect host anticancer response. This review provides a summary of the most recent (i.e., since 2016) preclinical and clinical studies using polyphenols as adjuvants for CRC therapies. These studies highlight the beneficial effects of dietary polyphenols in combination with cytotoxic drugs or irradiation on both therapy outcome and drug resistance. Despite substantial preclinical evidence, data from a few pilot clinical trials are available to date with promising but still inconclusive results. Larger randomized controlled studies and polyphenol formulations with improved bioavailability are needed to translate the research progress into clinical applications and definitively prove the added value of these molecules in CRC management.

scholarly journals Research Advances in the Use of Bioactive Compounds from Vitis vinifera By-Products in Oral Care

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 502
Author(s):  
Cătălina Bogdan ◽  
Anca Pop ◽  
Sonia M. Iurian ◽  
Daniela Benedec ◽  
Mirela L. Moldovan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Oral Conditions ◽  
By Products

Oral health is considered an important factor of general health and it contributes to the quality of life. Despite the raising awareness of preventive measures, the prevalence of oral health conditions continues to increase. In this context, a growing interest in investigating natural resources like Vitis vinifera (V. vinifera) phenolic compounds (PhCs) as oral health promoters has emerged. This paper aims to review the evidence about the bioactivities of V. vinifera by-products in oral health. Up to date, a high number of studies have thoroughly reported the antimicrobial and antiplaque activity of V. vinifera extracts against S. mutans or in multi-species biofilms. Moreover, the bioactive compounds from V. vinifera by-products have been shown to modulate the periodontal inflammatory response and the underlying oxidative stress imbalance induced by the pathogenic bacteria. Considering these beneficial effects, the utility of V. vinifera by-products in the maintaining of oral health and the necessary steps towards the development of oral care products were emphasized. In conclusion, the high potential of V. vinifera by-products could be valorized in the development of oral hygiene products with multi-target actions in the prevention and progression of several oral conditions.

scholarly journals Strategies to Increase the Biological and Biotechnological Value of Polysaccharides from Agricultural Waste for Application in Healthy Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5937
Author(s):  
María Ángeles Rivas ◽  
Rocío Casquete ◽  
Alberto Martín ◽  
María de Guía Córdoba ◽  
Emilio Aranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
By Products

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the extraction and identification of new high added-value compounds from the agro-food industry that will valorize the great amount of by-products generated. Many of these bioactive compounds have shown beneficial effects for humans in terms of disease prevention, but they are also of great interest in the food industry due to their effect of extending the shelf life of foods by their well-known antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. For this reason, an additional research objective is to establish the best conditions for obtaining these compounds from complex by-product structures without altering their activity or even increasing it. This review highlights recent work on the identification and characterization of bioactive compounds from vegetable by-products, their functional activity, new methodologies for the extraction of bioactive compounds from vegetables, possibly increasing their biological activity, and the future of the global functional food and nutraceuticals market.

Agricultural by-products from Greece as feed for yellow mealworm larvae: circular economy at a local level

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
C.I. Rumbos ◽  
D.G.A.B. Oonincx ◽  
I.T. Karapanagiotidis ◽  
M. Vrontaki ◽  
M. Gourgouta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Product Class ◽  
Yellow Mealworm ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Insect Rearing ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Mealworm Larvae ◽  
By Products

Organic side-streams and agricultural wastes represent a big pool of untapped and underrated resources which could be efficiently exploited for insect rearing. We evaluated the suitability of eleven agricultural by-products, stemming from the production of cotton, sugar beet, sunflower, barley, oats, peas and vetch, for the development of larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. In a first bioassay, by-products were screened singly to evaluate their potential to support the development of middle sized (4th-6th instar) larvae. In a second bioassay, by-products were supplemented with carrot, and their potential to support complete larval development (first instar until first pupation) was evaluated. Lastly, a third bioassay was conducted in which the more promising by-products were used as components of isonitrogenous diets for middle sized larvae, at two nitrogen levels (2.7 and 3.2%). Our results show the suitability of several agricultural by-products from Greece for T. molitor larvae. The best results though were obtained with the oat and the barley by-product (class II), tested either singly or mixed in diets. These by-products can be utilised singly or in composed diets and can greatly decrease the feed costs of mealworm production. Moreover, the results obtained from the isonitrogenous diets bioassay, show that besides nitrogen content, other factors need to be considered when formulating optimal diets. Our study aims to implement circular economy practices in insect farming at a local level.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Health-Promoting Effects of Tomato Fruit for Biofortified Food

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assunta Raiola ◽  
Maria Manuela Rigano ◽  
Roberta Calafiore ◽  
Luigi Frusciante ◽  
Amalia Barone
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolites ◽  
Unstable Molecules ◽  
Health Promoting

Consumption of tomato fruits, like those of many other plant species that are part of the human diet, is considered to be associated with several positive effects on health. Indeed, tomato fruits are an important source of bioactive compounds with known beneficial effects including vitamins, antioxidants, and anticancer substances. In particular, antioxidant metabolites are a group of vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and phenolic acid that can provide effective protection by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules linked to the development of a number of degenerative diseases and conditions. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress on tomatoes nutritional importance and mechanisms of action of different phytochemicals against inflammation processes and prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases (e.g., obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and hypertension). In addition, we will summarize the significant progress recently made to improve the nutritional quality of tomato fruits through metabolic engineering and/or breeding.

scholarly journals AMPK activator O304 improves metabolic and cardiac function, and exercise capacity in aged mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelene Ericsson ◽  
Pär Steneberg ◽  
Rakel Nyrén ◽  
Helena Edlund
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Related

AbstractAge is associated with progressively impaired, metabolic, cardiac and vascular function, as well as reduced work/exercise capacity, mobility, and hence quality of life. Exercise exhibit positive effects on age-related dysfunctions and diseases. However, for a variety of reasons many aged individuals are unable to engage in regular physical activity, making the development of pharmacological treatments that mimics the beneficial effects of exercise highly desirable. Here we show that the pan-AMPK activator O304, which is well tolerated in humans, prevented and reverted age-associated hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, and improved cardiac function and exercise capacity in aged mice. These results provide preclinical evidence that O304 mimics the beneficial effects of exercise. Thus, as an exercise mimetic in clinical development, AMPK activator O304 holds great potential to mitigate metabolic dysfunction, and to improve cardiac function and exercise capacity, and hence quality of life in aged individuals.

scholarly journals Application of Olive By-Products in Livestock with Emphasis on Small Ruminants: Implications on Rumen Function, Growth Performance, Milk and Meat Quality

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Ouranios Tzamaloukas ◽  
Marina C. Neofytou ◽  
Panagiotis E. Simitzis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
By Products

The olive oil industry has a leading position in the Mediterranean countries, resulting in the production of considerable quantities of the respective by-products (OB) that constitute an important environmental issue. OB contain valuable nutrients and bioactive components that can be re-used under the bioeconomy strategy, and several chemical, physical, and biological processes have been evaluated with the intention to improve their nutritional value. One feasible application of OB is their incorporation in the diets of livestock and especially ruminants due to their high fiber content. As indicated by numerous studies, OB dietary supplementation increases the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and decreases that of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in the milk and meat of ruminants with beneficial effects for consumers’ health. At the same time, environmental impact and feeding costs are reduced without detrimental effects on ruminal fermentation, nutrients utilization, growth performance, carcass traits, milk yield and composition.

scholarly journals Metabolomics as a Tool to Study Underused Soy Parts: In Search of Bioactive Compounds

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1308
Author(s):  
Felipe Sanchez Bragagnolo ◽  
Cristiano Soleo Funari ◽  
Elena Ibáñez ◽  
Alejandro Cifuentes
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Health It ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Plant Metabolomics ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
By Products

The valorization of agri-food by-products is essential from both economic and sustainability perspectives. The large quantity of such materials causes problems for the environment; however, they can also generate new valuable ingredients and products which promote beneficial effects on human health. It is estimated that soybean production, the major oilseed crop worldwide, will leave about 597 million metric tons of branches, leaves, pods, and roots on the ground post-harvesting in 2020/21. An alternative for the use of soy-related by-products arises from the several bioactive compounds found in this plant. Metabolomics studies have already identified isoflavonoids, saponins, and organic and fatty acids, among other metabolites, in all soy organs. The present review aims to show the application of metabolomics for identifying high-added-value compounds in underused parts of the soy plant, listing the main bioactive metabolites identified up to now, as well as the factors affecting their production.

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