scholarly journals Glutamine alleviates heat stress-induced impairment of intestinal morphology, intestinal inflammatory response, and barrier integrity in broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 2675-2683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q.J. Wu ◽  
N. Liu ◽  
X.H. Wu ◽  
G.Y. Wang ◽  
L. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Barrier Integrity

scholarly journals Resveratrol alleviates heat stress-induced impairment of intestinal morphology, microflora, and barrier integrity in broilers

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 4325-4332 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Zhang ◽  
X H Zhao ◽  
L Yang ◽  
X Y Chen ◽  
R S Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Barrier Integrity

scholarly journals Hydroxy-Selenomethionine Improves the Selenium Status and Helps to Maintain Broiler Performances under a High Stocking Density and Heat Stress Conditions through a Better Redox and Immune Response

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Hua Sun ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Zi-Jian Xu ◽  
Michele De Marco ◽  
Mickael Briens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Heat Stress Condition

This study has determined whether hydroxy-selenomethionine (OH-SeMet) exerts a better protective action on broilers against environmental stress than sodium selenite (SS) or seleno-yeast (SY). Day-old male Cobb 500 broilers (12 cages/diet, 9 broilers/cage) were fed a selenium (Se)-deficient diet (0.047 mg/kg) supplemented with SS, SY or OH-SeMet at 0.3 mg Se/kg under a high stocking density and heat stress condition for six weeks. OH-SeMet improved the FCR and Se concentration in the tissues than SS and SY. SY and OH-SeMet both reduced the serum cortisol, T3, IL-6, IgA, IgM and LPS, more than SS, while only OH-SeMet further increased IL-10 and IgG. SY and OH-SeMet improved the intestinal morphology and increased the T-AOC, TXRND, SELENON and OCCLUDIN activities but decreased CLAUDIN2 in the jejunum than SS, while OH-SeMet further improved these values than SY. SY and OH-SeMet both increased SELENOS and TXNRD2 in the muscles than SS, and OH-SeMet further raised T-AOC, GPX4, SELENOP, SELENOW and TXNRD1, and reduced malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in the muscles than SS and SY. OH-SeMet showed a better ability to maintain the performance and the redox and immune status of broilers under a high stocking density and heat stress challenge than SS and SY.

scholarly journals Effects of Feeding Different Postbiotics Produced by Lactobacillus plantarum on Growth Performance, Carcass Yield, Intestinal Morphology, Gut Microbiota Composition, Immune Status, and Growth Gene Expression in Broilers under Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humam ◽  
Loh ◽  
Foo ◽  
Samsudin ◽  
Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mrna Expression Level ◽  
Treatment Groups

The effects of feeding different postbiotics on growth performance, carcass yield, intestinal morphology, gut microbiota, immune status, and growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene expression in broilers under heat stress were assessed in this study. A total of 252 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly assigned in cages in identical environmentally controlled chambers. During the starter period from 1 to 21 days, all the birds were fed the same basal diet. On day 22, the birds were weighed and randomly divided into six treatment groups and exposed to cyclic high temperature at 36 ± 1 °C for 3 h per day from 11:00 to 14:00 until the end of the experiment. From day 22 to 42 (finisher period), an equal number of birds were subjected to one of the following diets: NC (negative control) basal diet; PC (positive control) basal diet + 0.02% oxytetracycline; or AA (ascorbic acid) basal diet + 0.02% ascorbic acid. The other three groups (RI11, RS5 and UL4) were basal diet + 0.3% different postbiotics (produced from different Lactobacillus plantarum strains, and defined as RI11, RS5 and UL4, respectively). The results demonstrated that birds fed RI11 diets had significantly higher final body weight, total weight gain and average daily gain than the birds that received the NC, PC and AA treatments. The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher in the RI11 group compared with the other groups. Carcass parameters were not affected by the postbiotic-supplemented diet. Postbiotic supplementation improved villi height significantly in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum compared to the NC, PC and AA treatments. The crypt depth of the duodenum and ileum was significantly higher in NC group compared to other treatment groups except RI11 in duodenum, and UL4 in ileum was not different with NC groups. The villus height to crypt depth ratio of duodenum and ileum was significantly higher for the postbiotic treatment groups and AA than the PC and NC treatment groups. The postbiotic RI11 group recorded significantly higher caecum total bacteria and Lactobacillus count and lower Salmonella count compared to the NC and PC treatment groups. The Bifidobacterium population in the NC group was significantly lower compared to the other treatment groups. The postbiotic (RI11, RS5 and UL4) and AA treatment groups showed lower Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli counts and caecal pH than the NC and PC treatment groups. The plasma immunoglobulin M (IgM) level was significantly higher in the birds receiving postbiotic RI11 than those receiving other treatments. The plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) level was higher in the RI11 treatment group than in the NC, AA and RS5 groups. The plasma immunoglobulin A (IgA) level was not affected by postbiotic supplements. The hepatic GHR mRNA expression level was significantly increased in birds fed postbiotics RI11, RS5 and UL4, AA and PC compared to the NC-fed birds. Postbiotic RI11 led to significantly higher hepatic IGF-1 mRNA expression level compared to the NC, PC, and AA treatments. Mortality was numerically lesser in the postbiotic treatment groups, but not significantly different among all the treatments. In conclusion, among the postbiotics applied in the current study as compared with NC, PC and AA, RI11 could be used as a potential alternative antibiotic growth promoter and anti-stress treatment in the poultry industry.

scholarly journals Dietary protein-bound or free amino acids differently affect intestinal morphology, gene expression of amino acid transporters, and serum amino acids of pigs exposed to heat stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Morales ◽  
Tania Gómez ◽  
Yuri D Villalobos ◽  
Hugo Bernal ◽  
John K Htoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Evening Meal ◽  
Intestinal Epithelia ◽  
Low Protein

Abstract Pigs exposed to heat stress (HS) increase body temperature in which can damage the intestinal epithelia and affect the absorption and availability of amino acids (AA). Protein digestion and metabolism further increase body temperature. An experiment was conducted with six pairs of pigs (of 47.3 ± 1.3 kg initial body weight) exposed to natural HS to assess the effect of substituting dietary protein-bound AA by free AA on morphology and gene expression of intestinal epithelial and serum concentration (SC) of free AA. Treatments were: high protein, 21.9% crude protein (CP) diet (HShp) and low protein, 13.5% CP diet supplemented with crystalline Lys, Thr, Met, Trp, His, Ile, Leu, Phe, and Val (HSaa). The HShp diet met or exceeded all AA requirements. The HSaa diet was formulated on the basis of ideal protein. Pigs were fed the same amount at 0700 and 1900 hours during the 21-d study. Blood samples were collected at 1700 hours (2.0 h before the evening meal), 2030 hours, and 2130 hours (1.5 and 2.5 h after the evening meal). At the end, all pigs were sacrificed to collect intestinal mucosa and a 5-cm section from each segment of the small intestine from each pig. Villi measures, expression of AA transporters (y+L and B0) in mucosa, and SC of AA were analyzed. Ambient temperature fluctuated daily from 24.5 to 42.6 °C. Weight gain and G.F were not affected by dietary treatment. Villi height tended to be larger (P ≤ 0.10) and the villi height:crypt depth ratio was higher in duodenum and jejunum of pigs fed the HSaa diet (P < 0.05). Gene expression of transporter y+L in jejunum tended to be lower (P < 0.10) and transporter B0 in the ileum was lower (P < 0.05) in HSaa pigs. Preprandial (1700 hours) SC of Arg, His, Ile, Leu, Thr, Trp, and Val was higher (P < 0.05), and Phe tended to be higher (P < 0.10) in HShp pigs. At 2030 hours (1.5 h postprandial), serum Lys, Met, and Thr were higher in the HSaa pigs (P < 0.05). At 2130 hours (2.5 h), Arg, His, Ile, Phe, and Trp were lower (P < 0.05); Met was higher (P < 0.05); and Lys tended to be higher (P < 0.10) in HSaa pigs. In conclusion, feeding HS pigs with low protein diets supplemented with free AA reduces the damage of the intestinal epithelia and seems to improve its absorption capacity, in comparison with HS pigs fed diets containing solely protein-bound AA. This information is useful to formulate diets that correct the reduced AA consumption associated with the decreased voluntary feed intake of pigs under HS.

scholarly journals Licochalcone A Protects the Blood–Milk Barrier Integrity and Relieves the Inflammatory Response in LPS-Induced Mastitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjin Guo ◽  
Bingrun Liu ◽  
Yunhou Yin ◽  
Xingchi Kan ◽  
Qian Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Licochalcone A

scholarly journals Effect of heat stress on blood-brain barrier integrity in iPS cell-derived microvascular endothelial cell models

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0222113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Yamaguchi ◽  
Kentaro Shimizu ◽  
Yasuhiro Kokubu ◽  
Misae Nishijima ◽  
Shuko Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Ips Cell ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Integrity

scholarly journals Yeast fermentate prebiotic improves intestinal barrier integrity during heat stress by modulation of the gut microbiota in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 1192-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A.G. Ducray ◽  
L. Globa ◽  
O. Pustovyy ◽  
E. Morrison ◽  
V. Vodyanoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Integrity
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