scholarly journals Feed Access Effects on Serum Metabolites of Hybrid Large White Male Turkeys

1994 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1348-1351
Author(s):  
J.J. CASON ◽  
R.G. TEETER
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Large White ◽  
Serum Metabolites

scholarly journals The Effects of Partially or Completely Substituted Dietary Zinc Sulfate by Lower Levels of Zinc Methionine on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Immune Function, and Visceral Indices in Weaned Piglets

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhuai Xie ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Lixue Wang ◽  
Yuxi Wang ◽  
Zhenfeng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
White Male ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Zinc Methionine

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) with a lower level of zinc methionine (ZnMet) on the growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, serum metabolites and immune functions of weaned piglets. Thirty-five weaned Duroc × Landrace × Large White male piglets (10.69 ± 0.26 kg) were randomly allotted to five diets. The control diet was supplemented with 100 mg/kg of Zn from ZnSO4, and experimental diets included 75 + 12.5, 50 + 25, 25 + 37.5, and 0 + 50 mg/kg of Zn from ZnSO4 and ZnMet, respectively. The results showed that no differences were observed in growth performance, ATTD of nutrients and serum metabolites among treatments, while serum white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, IgM contents and spleen index were higher (p < 0.01) in piglets fed with 50 + 25 mg/kg of Zn. Zinc digestibility (p < 0.05), IgA content (p < 0.001) and thymus index (p < 0.05) were increased when at least 50% of ZnSO4 was replaced by ZnMet. All the results indicated that using a lower level of ZnMet in weaned piglet’s diet instead of ZnSO4 had no adverse impacts on ATTD of nutrients and serum metabolites; and a 50 + 25 mg/kg of Zn (from ZnSO4 and ZnMet, respectively) diet showed the best advantages for parameters relating to immune functions.

scholarly journals Dexmedetomidine Combined with Therapeutic Hypothermia Is Associated with Cardiovascular Instability and Neurotoxicity in a Piglet Model of Perinatal Asphyxia

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 156-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Ezzati ◽  
Go Kawano ◽  
Eridan Rocha-Ferreira ◽  
Daniel Alonso-Alconada ◽  
Jane K. Hassell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
White Male ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Large White ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Effective Adjunct ◽  
Fentanyl Group

The selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist dexmedetomidine has shown neuroprotective, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and sympatholytic properties that may be beneficial in neonatal encephalopathy (NE). As therapeutic hypothermia is only partially effective, adjunct therapies are needed to optimize outcomes. The aim was to assess whether hypothermia + dexmedetomidine treatment augments neuroprotection compared to routine treatment (hypothermia + fentanyl sedation) in a piglet model of NE using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) biomarkers, which predict outcomes in babies with NE, and immunohistochemistry. After hypoxia-ischaemia (HI), 20 large White male piglets were randomized to: (i) hypothermia + fentanyl with cooling to 33.5°C from 2 to 26 h, or (ii) hypothermia + dexmedetomidine (a loading dose of 2 μg/kg at 10 min followed by 0.028 μg/kg/h for 48 h). Whole-brain phosphorus-31 and regional proton MRS biomarkers were assessed at baseline, 24, and 48 h after HI. At 48 h, cell death was evaluated over 7 brain regions by means of transferase-mediated d-UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Dexmedetomidine plasma levels were mainly within the target sedative range of 1 μg/L. In the hypothermia + dexmedetomidine group, there were 6 cardiac arrests (3 fatal) versus 2 (non-fatal) in the hypothermia + fentanyl group. The hypothermia + dexmedetomidine group required more saline (p = 0.005) to maintain blood pressure. Thalamic and white-matter lactate/N-acetylaspartate did not differ between groups (p = 0.66 and p = 0.21, respectively); the whole-brain nucleotide triphosphate/exchangeable phosphate pool was similar (p = 0.73) over 48 h. Cell death (TUNEL-positive cells/mm2) was higher in the hypothermia + dexmedetomidine group than in the hypothermia + fentanyl group (mean 5.1 vs. 2.3, difference 2.8 [95% CI 0.6-4.9], p = 0.036). Hypothermia + dexmedetomidine treatment was associated with adverse cardiovascular events, even within the recommended clinical sedative plasma level; these may have been exacerbated by an interaction with either isoflurane or low body temperature. Hypothermia + dexmedetomidine treatment was neurotoxic following HI in our piglet NE model, suggesting that caution is vital if dexmedetomidine is combined with cooling following NE.

Onset of Spermatogenesis in Meishan and Large White Male Piglets

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Hochereau-de Reviers ◽  
C Perreau ◽  
V Rahal-Perola ◽  
D Royere
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Large White

scholarly journals Performance And Serum Metabolites Of Grower Pigs Fed Groundnut Cake, Extruded Soyabean Meal And Cottonseed Cake-Based Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
A. O. MAFIMIDIWO ◽  
A. O. FANIMO ◽  
C. F. I. ONWUKA ◽  
O. O. TEWE
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Cottonseed Cake ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Large White ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The study assessed the effect on performance and serum metabolites of ninety grower pigs fed extruded full-fat soyabean meal (ESBM) and cottonseed cake (CSC) as partial (-50%) and whole (100%) replacement  for groundnut cake (GNC) in practical-type  diets over 12 weeks feeding period. Ninety Large White X Landrace pigs average initial live weight of 30.50+1.4kg were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments and each treatment had three replicates The diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. The ESBM in the diets showed an  improvement in average daily weight gain and eed conversion. Diet in which there was 50%replacement of GNC with ESBM gave the best  result (P<0.05). However, general trend showed a numerical increase with levels of ESBM and CSC in the diets. Serum albumin  and cholesterol levels were significantly (P<0.05) reduced by inclusion of extruded full-fat soyabean meal, and CSC while serum creatinine level was increased.

Effect of dietary lard on performance, fatty acid composition and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation in growing-finishing female and entire male pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Lopez-Bote ◽  
M. Sanz ◽  
B. Isabel ◽  
P. Perez de Ayala ◽  
A. Flores
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Key Words Pig ◽  
Finishing Pig ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Entire Male

The effect of increasing the energy concentration of growing-finishing pig diets through inclusion of lard on performance, carcass and meat composition and lipid susceptibility to peroxidation was studied. A total of 720 Landrace × Large White male and female pigs (equal number of entire males and females) were used. Experimental diets were formulated to have a low (3000 kcal ME kg−1) or high (3200 kcal ME kg−1) energy level, but in all cases to have a constant lysine:ME ratio. This was achieved using a low (6.8 g kg−1) and a high (49.3 g kg−1) level of dietary lard inclusion. Gilts had lower daily gain (P < 0.0001) and worse feed conversion efficiency (P < 0.0001) than entire males. Susceptibility to oxidation was not affected by sex. Fat concentration in pig diets equilibrated in metabolizable energy and protein did not modify average gain, but reduced feed intake (P < 0.02), improved the gain:feed ratio (P < 0.0001), increased dressing percentage (P < 0.02) and produced higher carcass weight (P < 0.01). Carcass backfat and lean percentage were not affected by dietary treatment. A reduction in the proportion of (n-3) fatty acids in phospholipids (P < 0.03), a higher (n-6):(n-3) ratio (P < 0.01) and a lower susceptibility of muscle homogenates to oxidation was found in animals receiving higher levels of dietary lard (P < 0.01). Key words: Pig, boar, diet, lard, lipid oxidation

scholarly journals Weight Gain and Breast Yield of Large White Male Turkeys Fed Diets Varying in Protein Content

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1547-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. SUMMERS ◽  
STARR JACKSON ◽  
DIANE SPRATT
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
White Male ◽  
Large White

Lactational oestrus in the sow 4. Variation in the incidence and timing of lactational oestrus in groups of sows

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bryant ◽  
G. Palmer ◽  
D. J. Petherick ◽  
P. Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
White Male ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Hybrid Female ◽  
Large White ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Ad Libitum

ABSTRACTEighty multiparous Camborough hybrid female pigs (sows) and their litters, on average 15 days post partum, were housed in groups of five in multi-accommodation pens. The sows were fed ad libitum on a proprietary diet containing 160 g crude protein per kg from grouping to 30 days post partum, when they were fed to scale twice daily in individual feeders until weaning at 42 days post partum. One of four Large White male pigs (boars) was introduced to each group on the day following grouping, each boar being run with four groups.Oestrus occurred in 62 sows, on average 10·2 ± 3·3 days after grouping. The differences between groups in the interval from grouping and boar introduction to the onset of oestrus were statistically significant (P < 0·01). Neither the incidence nor the timing of oestrus could be related to the identity of the boar.Regression analysis revealed relationships between a number of independent variables and the incidence and timing of lactational oestrus. Sows which gained more live weight from farrowing to weaning and whose litters consumed more creep food were more likely to show lactational oestrus. Sows were slower to show lactational oestrus when they gained little weight from farrowing to weaning, had lower live weights at weaning and gained less weight from the previous weaning, despite eating comparatively more food during grouping. The sows which took longer to show lactational oestrus also had heavier piglets at grouping and more piglets in their litters at weaning. The difficulties arising in the interpretation of these results are discussed.

Biosynthesis of 16-androstene steroids and testosterone by porcine testis tissue in vitro: effect of age and relationships with fat 5α-androstenone levels in vivo

1991 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Louveau ◽  
Michel Bonneau ◽  
D. B. Gower
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Large White ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
In Vitro Measurements ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Testis Tissue

Abstract. The relationships between testicular 16-androstene and testosterone formation in young pigs and levels of 5α-androstenone in fat exhibited at older ages were investigated. Testis tissue samples were taken from Large White male pigs at 75, 100 and 125 days of age (8 pigs per age group) and incubated with a mixture of [3H]progesterone and [14C]pregnenolone. 5α-androstenone levels in fat were measured in all 24 pigs at 125, 145 and 170 days of age. Less androstadienone, more 3α-androstenol and 11-fold more 3β-androstenol + androstadienol were synthesized from pregnenolone than from progesterone. 5α-androstenone synthesis increased significantly between 100 and 125 days, whereas that of androstadienone declined between 75 and 100 days of age. Litter had a significant effect on all 16-androstene rates of formation. Fat 5α-androstenone levels were positively correlated with 5α-androstenone formation from both precursors. They were correlated with 3β-androstenol + androstadienol (positively) and testosterone (negatively) rates of synthesis from progesterone. It is concluded that in vitro measurements of 5α-androstenone formation by testis tissue could be used as an early predictor of fat 5α-androstenone levels exhibited at older ages.

scholarly journals Effects of diets containing casein and rapeseed on enzyme secretion from the exocrine pancreas in the pig

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Valette ◽  
H. Malouin ◽  
T. Corring ◽  
L. Savoie ◽  
A. M. Gueugneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
White Male ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Large White ◽  
Carboxypeptidase B ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Protein Output ◽  
Nocturnal Period

The effect of dietary protein on enzyme activity of pancreatic juice was studied in ten growing, castrated, Large White male pigs. Animals, fitted with permanent cannulas in the pancreatic duct and in the duodenum, were divided into two groups receiving either casein or rapeseed concentrate as a protein source. After a 15 d adaptation period to the experimental diet, the volume of pancreatic secretion was significantly higher, whereas the protein concentration was lower in the casein group compared with the rapeseed group. No statistical difference was observed in the daily protein output between groups. Total secreted activities of carboxypeptidase A (EC3.4.17.1), and elastase (EC3.4.21.36) were higher in the casein group during the nocturnal period, whereas total activities of trypsin (EC3.4.21.4), chymotrypsin (EC3.4.21.1), carboxypeptidase B (EC3.4.17.2) and amylase (EC3.2.1.1) in pancreatic secretions during the post-prandial periods were increased by the ingestion of the rapeseed diet. It is concluded that the pancreatic enzyme secretion is sensitive to the nature of the protein ingested.

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