scholarly journals Effect of Curing and Mixing Methods on the Compressive Strength of Mortar Containing Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H. Almabrok ◽  
R G. McLaughlan ◽  
K. Vessalas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Moisture Movement ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Curing Method ◽  
Cement Solidification

 Oil contaminated fine aggregate is a major environmental concern and can arise as a by product of industrial activities (e.g. oil well drilling and land contamination). Cement–based stabilisation/solidification of oil contaminated materials is an emerging technology however there are some issues that have not been fully addressed. This paper reports the results of a study conducted to investigate the effect of different curing and mixing methods on cement solidification and its consequent effect on the compressive strength of the resultant cementitious product. This work has been done to address leaching concerns during the curing period. The normal curing method for samples to be tested for compressive strength is lime saturated water. However, this method invalidates any subsequent leaching tests. Accordingly, bag curing (BC) and lime saturated water curing (LSW) have been applied using mortar mixed with mineral oil up to 10% by sand mass under water wet (WW) or oil wet (OW) mixing methods. The results indicate that development in 28 day compressive strength can be achieved without applying water by external means if the moisture movement from the mortar samples is prohibited, irrespective of the mixing methods used.

INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF NANO SILICA ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HARDENED CEMENT PASTE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Hamoush ◽  
Miguel Picornell ◽  
Taher Abu-Lebdeh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Hydration Process ◽  
Hardened Cement ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Hardened Cement Paste ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Curing Method

This study investigated the compressive strength of hardened cement paste and the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) with the addition of nano silica (SiO2). Through this search, the development of the concretes strength was determined to better understand the process of cement hydration. Compressive strength testing was performed using MTS and Forney testing machines to determine stress-strain curves and elastic modulus of materials. The hydration process and formation of C-S-H and calcium hydroxide (CH) was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). This study also incorporates the use of vacuum curing, in comparison to that of the traditional water curing method. Results indicate an increase in compressive strength using 1%, 3% and 5% of nano silica to cement replacement by volume in comparison to the control mix (without nano silica). The optimum cement replacement to yield maximum strength was of the 1% nano silica content. The formation of C-S-H increases significantly during the early testing days which correspond with the drastic increase in compressive strength. The hydration process continues to increase throughout the 56 day trails at a moderate rate. The traditional water curing method proves to be more efficient and beneficial than of the vacuum curing method. However, vacuum cured results showed only about a 5% reduction in strength after 56 day tests in comparison to the water curing method.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Air Laut sebagai Air Pencampur dan Air Perawatan pada Karakteristik Pasta Semen dan Mortar

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Adiwijaya Ali ◽  
Irka Tangke Datu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Composite Cement ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Mixing Water

The goal of this research is to investigate the influence of seawater as mixing water and curing water on characteristics of cement paste and mortar. Research was conducted with making mixtures of cement paste and mortar using two kind of cement, Portland Composite Cement (PCC) and Pozzolana Portland Cement (PPC) with seawater as mixing water. Characteristics of fine aggregate and characteristics of cement paste with seawater mixing were investigated. Furthermore, 144 cube mortar specimens in size of 5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm in four series mortar mixtures were casted according with SNI 03-6825-2002. At 24 hours after specimens were casted, cube mortar specimens were cured in tap water curing (TC), seawater curing (SC) and air curing (AC). After achievement at certain curing day of 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, cube mortar samples were tested in compressive strength. Results concluded that seawater mixing improves compressive strength of mortar up to 28 days in all curing conditions, TC, SC and AC. Moreover, strength of mortar is not affected by type of curing water, tap water or seawater.

scholarly journals Feasibility Study of Recycled Plastic Waste as Fine Aggregate in Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01084
Author(s):  
K. Sai Gopi ◽  
Dr. T. Srinivas ◽  
S. P. Raju V
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Waste Polyethylene ◽  
Day By Day

Nowadays, Environmental concern towards plastic waste rises because of its low degradability and creating problems like chunking sewer lines, drainages, waterways, filling landfills, health problems, etc. The best approach is recycling and reuses plastic waste. Increase in the production of plastic day by day but, very little was recycled. On the other hand, huge demand for concrete in the construction industry. Utilization of recycled plastic waste in the production of sustainable concrete by partial replacement of fine aggregate. This study has been investigated the utilization of two types of recycled plastic waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Polypropylene (PP) as fine aggregate in concrete. M30 grade of concrete has been used by partial replacement of fine aggregate (River Sand) with recycled plastic waste in the percentage of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25. The workability and compressive strength results are checked to find the acceptable percentage of incorporation of PET and PP in concrete. From the results, it is observed that the workability is decreased as the percentage of recycled plastic waste is increased. The Optimum Percentage of replacement of PET is 10%. PP has shown a marginal reduction in compressive strength for 5% replacement.

Development of Cementless Fly Ash Based Alkali-Activated Mortar

2009 ◽  
Vol 417-418 ◽  
pp. 721-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Taek Koh ◽  
Su Tae Kang ◽  
Gum Sung Ryu ◽  
Hyun Jin Kang ◽  
Jang Hwa Lee
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Curing Method ◽  
Alkali Activated Concrete ◽  
Alkali Activated

This study investigates the effects of alkaline activators and curing method on the compressive strength of mortar for the development of cementless alkali-activated concrete using 100% of fly ash as binder. Results reveal that the compressive strength improved according to the increase of the molar concentration of NaOH. In addition, molar ratio Na2O to SiO2 of 1.12 activated the reaction of fly ash with Si and Al constituents and resulted in the most remarkable development of strength. In the case of mortar requiring high strength at early age, higher curing temperatures appeared to be advantages. Curing at 60°C during 48 hours is recommended for requiring high strength at age 28days. Moreover, performing atmospheric curing after high temperature curing appeared to be more effective for the development of strength than water curing. Based on these results, it has been analyzed that alkaline activators fabricated with proportions of 1:1 of 9M NaOH and sodium silicate should be used and that atmospheric curing should be performed after curing at 60°C during 48 hours to produce high strength alkali-activated mortar exhibiting compressive strength of 70MPa at age 28 days.

scholarly journals USING FLY ASH AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE AND ITS EFFECTS ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES UNDER DIFFERENT CURING TEMPERATURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maliduwa Liyanage Chamini Surangi ◽  
Parnthep Julnipitawong ◽  
Somnuk Tangtermsirikul ◽  
Yoshifumi Ohgi ◽  
Yusuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Surface Resistivity ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Heat Curing ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Curing Method ◽  
Class F Fly Ash

A shortage of natural fine aggregates has occurred worldwide, especially due to excessive consumption of them in construction activities. For this, the availability of sustainable alternative materials for natural fine aggregate is researched. Fly ash is identified as one such material that can partially replace fine aggregate in concrete. The current study demonstrates the feasibility of using fly ash as a partial fine aggregate replacing material in concrete and its effects on the compressive strength and some significant durability properties when cured under different curing temperatures. Fine aggregate and cement were partially replaced with Class F fly ash in different percentages. The curing methods (used in this study) were isothermal heat curing at 30ºC, 50ºC, and 70ºC, and one-day accelerated heat curing. The compressive strength test, carbonation depth test, rapid chloride penetration test, and surface resistivity test were performed for concrete mixtures with different fly ash replacement levels and curing temperatures. Test results reveal that the use of fly ash as a partial fine aggregate replacing material in concrete gives higher compressive strength than that of concrete with fly ash as a partial cement replacing material at both an early age and a later age. One-day accelerated curing is the most beneficial curing method, regarding the compressive strength at all the tested ages. Moreover, concrete with fine aggregate replacement gives better results for carbonation resistance, chloride penetration resistance, and surface resistivity when compared with the control mixture and mixtures with fly ash as a partial cement replacing material.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC DRILL CUTTINGS ON MORTAR PROPERTIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdi H. Almabrok ◽  
Robert G. McLaughlan ◽  
Kirk Vessalas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
End Use

Drill cuttings from oil exploration are recognised as a major environmental concern. Current cost-effective treatment technologies often involve sending treated products to landfill without any potential end-use thereby rendering these solutions unsustainable. There is potential for using drill cuttings comprising of oily, saline and clayey waste materials as fine aggregate replacements in structural concretes requiring characteristic compressive strength from 20-32 MPa. Research into the hydration process as well as evaluating the fresh and hardened properties of mortars incorporating synthetic drill cuttings were undertaken. Replacement of sand by synthetic drill cuttings (up to 25% by weight) produced mortar with accelerated hydration as well as reduced flow and density. In addition, the 28-day compressive strength of mortar incorporating synthetic drill cuttings decreased by up to 50%. Satisfactory strength for all sand replacement levels evaluated in mortars was still attainable for reuse of these synthetic of drill cuttings as fine aggregate replacements in structural concretes.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Curing Methods and Curing Days on Compressive Strength of Plain Cement Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleem Raza ◽  
Haresh Kumar ◽  
Danish Kumar ◽  
Naraindas Bheel
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Moisture Movement ◽  
Strength Behavior ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Global Construction ◽  
Curing Method

Concrete is the most important and most consumed construction material in global construction industry. The properties of concrete are greatly influenced by properties of its constituents and curing methods utilized for preparation of specimens. This study is focused on investigating the influence of three common curing methods, i.e., ponding, sprinkling and wet cover curing on compressive strength behavior of concrete. In total, 45 cubes were casted and tested after curing for 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days. The obtained results suggest that ponding method of concrete curing is most effective among all the three methods of concrete curing considered in this study. After ponding, the performance of concrete cured with wet cover curing method was quite acceptable. Moreover, the study also suggested that sprinkling method of curing gives lowest compressive strength due to greater moisture movement which abates the hydration of binder in concrete. This study will be helpful for construction practitioners in deciding the best-suited curing method under given conditions and available methods of preparation of concrete.

scholarly journals Effect of aggregates and curing conditions on the compressive strength of concrete with age

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminur M.R ◽  
Harunur M.R ◽  
Teo D.C.L ◽  
Abu Zakir M.M
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Curing Condition

The present research describes the effect of aggregate and curing condition on the compressive strength of concrete with age. Ordinary Portland cement, coarse sand and brick chips/pebble gravels were used as binder, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate respectively. The ratio of cement, sand and coarse aggregate was 1:2:4 by weight. Five different curing conditions namely, water curing (WC), self curing (SC), air dry curing (ADC), one-day delay curing (1-DC) and three-days delay curing (3-DC) were employed. Two types of concrete namely; concrete C1 (brick chips as coarse aggregate) and C2 (pebbles gravel as coarse aggregate) were prepared in this study. The physical and mechanical properties of aggregates and concrete were determined respectively. The results show that, the compressive strength of concrete is affected by the properties of the aggregate and also curing condition employed. It was found that, the concrete C1 and the normal water curing appeared to be better than concrete C2 and other types of curing condition.

scholarly journals Effect of Mix Constituents and Curing Conditions on Compressive Strength of Sustainable Self-Consolidating Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Ahmed Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Self Consolidating Concrete ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Curing Method

The production of cement requires significant energy and is responsible for more than 5% of global CO2 emissions; therefore it is imperative to reduce the production and use of ordinary portland cement (OPC). This paper examines the compressive strength development of low water-to-binder (w/b) ratio self-consolidating concrete (SCC) in which 90% of the cement is replaced with industrial by-products including ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), fly ash, and silica fume. The emphasis in this paper is on replacing a large volume of cement with GGBS, which represented 10% to 77.5% of the cement replaced. Fresh properties at w/b ratio of 0.27 were examined by estimating the visual stability index (VSI) and t50 time. The compressive strength was determined after 3, 7, 28, and 56 days of curing. The control mix made with 100% OPC developed compressive strength ranging from 55 MPa after three days of curing to 76.75 MPa after 56 days of curing. On average, sustainable SCC containing 10% OPC developed strength ranging from 31 MPa after three days of curing to 56.4 MPa after 56 days of curing. However, the relative percentages of fly ash, silica fume, and GGBS in the 90% binder affect the strength developed as well. In addition, this paper reports the effect of the curing method on the 28 day compressive strength of environmentally friendly SCC in which 90% of the cement is replaced by GGBS, silica fume, and fly ash. The highest compressive strength was achieved in samples that were cured for three days under water, then left to air-dry for 25 days, compared to samples cured using chemical compounds or samples continuously cured under water for 28 days. The study confirms that SCC with 10% OPC and 90% supplementary cementitious composites (GGBS, silica fume, fly ash) can achieve compressive strength sufficient for many practical applications by incorporating high amounts of GGBS. In addition, air-curing of samples in a relatively high temperature (after three days of water curing) produce a higher 28 day compressive strength compared to water curing for 28 days, or membrane curing.

scholarly journals Optimization of Design Mix Proportion for Saturated Water Absorption of High Performance Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
M. Akila . ◽  
S. Chithra .
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Water Curing

This study involves the optimization of design mix proportion for saturated water absorption of high performance concrete (HPC) by Taguchi Method. In the present investigation, saturated water absorption test on 25 HPC mixes specimens made with colloidal nano silica and copper slag as replacement of cement and fine aggregate respectively has been conducted at the age of 28 days and 90 days of water curing. The concrete mixes has been replaced by 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% of nano silica and copper slag of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%. From Signal-to-Noise ratio, the optimal parametric combination for saturated water absorption has been obtained. The Analysis of Variance has been done on experimental data values. The percentage contribution of the factors towards saturated water absorption is identified. The nano silica contributes towards less water absorption in 28 days curing, while the Copper slag found to the major contributing factor for the cause after the 90 days tenure of water curing.

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