Interfacial Phenomena at the Interface in the System «Carbon Primary Materials-Water Solutions of Surfactants» for Cement Materials

The formation of sustainable concrete is directly relaed to the intensity of the processes occurring at the interface of phases. The study of the surface properties of CNPLUS carbon nanotubes in solutions of various plasticizers was carried out by measuring and calculating adsorption. The applicability of the adsorption value is for forecasting both the efficiency of dispersion and aggregative and sedimentative stability of the obtained dispersion systems. It was stated that two-dimensional pressure arising at the interface of adsorption layers in the dispersive medium with the surfactant Tensafor 2553.2 J/m2 is sufficient to overcome adhesive strength on a small area of the localized contact of carbon nanoparticles CNPLUS, which explains the peptization and stabilization of the particles’ surface. It was established that full stabilization of nanoparticles in the aqueous dispersive medium could be ensured only by means of soap-like surfactants, with the compound potassium naphthalene sulfonate (Tensafor). It ensures formation of the micelle-like structure in coagulation layers that forms a structural and mechanical barrier with the external hydrophilic surface. This leads to the increase in the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete grout specimens by 38%.