scholarly journals Polymerase Chain Reaction for Screening Blood Donors at Risk for Malaria: Safe and Useful?

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 872-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hänscheid ◽  
E. Valadas ◽  
M.P. Grobusch
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Molecular Detection of Transfusion Transmitted Virus Coinfection With Some Hepatotropic Viruses

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (11) ◽  
pp. 1680-1683
Author(s):  
Maysaa El-Sayed Zaki ◽  
Nagy Abd El Hady, MD
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Transmitted Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Transfusion Transmitted Virus

Abstract Context.—A novel human DNA virus was isolated from the serum of a patient with posttransfusion hepatitis; it was named transfusion transmitted virus (TTV). Objective.—To ascertain the influence of TTV (detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification of a conserved region of the viral genome) coinfection in individuals infected with hepatitis viruses (A, B, and C) and to investigate the putative role played by TTV in hepatic dysfunction in individuals with acute non-A-E hepatitis. Design.—Sixty-two patients with viral hepatitis were included in the study in addition to 18 blood donors. Viral study of 4 hepatotropic viruses (A, B, C, and E) was carried out. Study for TTV DNA was performed by nested polymerase chain reaction. Results.—The prevalence of TTV was not statistically different between hepatitis patients and blood donors, and it was not correlated to the levels of the hepatic aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase between individuals evidencing dual infection with hepatitis B and C viruses and healthy blood donors. However, in the group of patients with viral hepatitis of unknown etiology (non-A-E), those evidencing TTV viremia had statistically significant lower levels of alanine aminotransferase (P = .03) and aspartate aminotransferase (P = .04) than those who were TTV negative. Conclusions.—We can conclude that TTV is a frequent virus isolated from patients with various types of viral hepatitis, from cases of hepatitis without obvious viral agent, and from the healthy population. TTV has no effect on biochemical markers of associated viral hepatitis. It may be associated with a mild form of non-A-E hepatitis.

Persistent Leptospiruria in Five Dogs Despite Antimicrobial Treatment (2000–2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Mauro ◽  
Kenneth Harkin
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
The Face ◽  
Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT In dogs with leptospirosis, doxycycline therapy is recommended as the preferred therapy for its ability to eliminate the organism from all tissues, including the renal tubules. Elimination of organisms from the renal tubules terminates leptospiruria and prevents transmission of the organism. This report describes the discovery of persistent leptospiruria in the face of therapy with doxycycline in four dogs and enrofloxacin in one dog. Leptospiruria was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction testing for pathogenic leptospires in all five dogs. In two dogs, leptospiruria resolved after a change in therapy to enrofloxacin. In three dogs, doxycycline and/or enrofloxacin were ineffective at eliminating leptospiruria, which then resolved after therapy with clarithromycin. Pet owners could be at risk as persistent leptospiruria poses a potential zoonotic risk. The potential reasons for persistent leptospiruria as demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction testing are discussed.

scholarly journals Introduction of NAT-testing for infections for screening blood donors in Republic of Kazakhstan

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-417
Author(s):  
T N Savchuk ◽  
Z K Burkitbaev ◽  
S A Abdrakhmanova ◽  
S V Skorikova ◽  
N S Kuz’min
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of NAT-screening (nucleic acid amplification technologies) for infections in blood donors in Kazakhstan. Methods. Statistical data of blood donors screening examinations in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2012-2014 were evaluated. Results. In 2014, the number of examined donors increased by 3.4% compared with 2012. The number of deferrals due to positive screening results for serological markers decreased by 10.9%, while the share of such donors decreased by 13.8% [p <0.01; odds ratio (OR) - 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) - 0.83-0.88); χ2=136.76]. In 2014, 100% of donations were screened using NAT-testing (312,510 donors). Most of the NAT-screening in Kazakhstan is performed using closed automated systems. In 2012, 1 Blood Center conducted a polymerase chain reaction screening by open circuit polymerase chain reaction systems, in 5 blood centers polymerase chain reaction was performed with manual sample preparation. In 2014, the number of deferrals due to positive NAT-testing results has increased by 44.3%, the share of such donors - by 38.7% (p <0.01; OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.15-1.67); χ2=11.82). Seronegative NAT-positive samples were discovered according to the results of discriminant test, including human immunodeficiency virus - 2 (0.8%) samples, hepatitis B virus -182 (73.4%), hepatitis C virus - 60 (24.2%), negative result - 4 (1.6%). Conclusion. The introduction of screening NAT-testing of donated blood prevented transfusion of blood infected with: human immunodeficiency virus - 1 in 150,000 donations, hepatitis B virus - 1 in 1.650 donations, hepatitis C virus - 1 in 5,000 donations.

Chronic non-B, non-C hepatitis among blood donors assessed with HCV third generation tests and polymerase chain reaction

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Marcellin ◽  
Michèle Martinot-Peignoux ◽  
Franck Gabriel ◽  
Michel Branger ◽  
Claude Degott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Confirmation of Hepatitis C Virus Positive Blood Donors by Immunobiotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. De Beenhouwer ◽  
H. Verhaert ◽  
H. Claeys ◽  
C. Vermylen
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Human Cytomegalovirus DNA is not Detectable with Nested Double Polymerase Chain Reaction in Healthy Blood Donors

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Urushibara ◽  
Kil-Won Kwon ◽  
Tsuneo A. Takahashi ◽  
Sadayoshi Sekiguchi
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Detection of cytomegalovirus in blood donors by the polymerase chain reaction

Transfusion ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
KL Smith ◽  
JK Kulski ◽  
T Cobain ◽  
RA Dunstan
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain
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