Life-Cycle Economic Evaluation of Alternative Road Construction Methods on Low-Volume Roads

2007 ◽  
Vol 1989-1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Gerbrandt ◽  
Curtis Berthelot
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Low Volume

Nature and Effects of Low-Volume Roads in Botswana

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bizzar B. Madzikigwa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
The Road ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Sand And Gravel

The road sector in Botswana continues to develop its road network throughout the country at a tremendous rate. When Botswana gained independence in 1966, it had only 10 km (16 mi) of bitumen road. By 1992 the total length of bituminous surfaced road reached 3500 km (2,175 mi) out of a total road network of 18 000 km (11,285 mi). These statistics clearly show that the majority of roads are not yet surfaced; these are low-volume roads that provide access to the rural areas where most of the country’s population is found, though in low density. In spite of the rapid improvement in the quality of the national road network in recent years, much remains to be done. In the early 1970s and early 1980s the rural roads unit was introduced in the Ministry of Works Transport and Communications, which was charged with the responsibility of design and construction of low-volume roads around the country in a bid to integrate the country’s road network. This unit was later disbanded in the 1990s, and all roads are improved through the conventional procurement system using private contractors. For these roads the justification of a surfacing project based on conventional economic return methods does not apply, and worse still, the road improvements have to compete with other amenities for the same limited resources. Three ministries in Botswana are responsible for roads: Ministry of Works Transport and Communications, Ministry of Local Government, and Ministry of Trade, Industry, Wildlife and Tourism. These ministries have different responsibilities for different roads within the country, and earth, sand, and gravel roads are found under the jurisdiction of each of the ministries. The major drawbacks concerning low-volume roads in Botswana are inadequate maintenance, poor road construction materials, and the environmental impacts of the roads. Since the budget and resources are inadequate to keep these roads in good condition, it would be prudent to find technological means that would improve the locally available road construction materials so as to minimize their effects on the environment and vehicle operating costs.

Analysis of Calculation Methods for Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Road Sector

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoras Vorobjovas ◽  
Algirdas Motiejunas ◽  
Tomas Ratkevicius ◽  
Alvydas Zagorskis ◽  
Vaidotas Danila
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
The Road ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is one of the main nowadays problem in the world. The politics and strategies for climate change and tools for reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and green technologies are created and implemented. Mainly it is focused on energy, transport and construction sectors, which are related and plays a significant role in the roads life cycle. Most of the carbon footprint emissions are generated by transport. The remaining emissions are generated during the road life cycle. Therefore, European and other countries use methods to calculate GHG emissions and evaluate the impact of road construction methods and technologies on the environment. Software tools for calculation GHG emissions are complicated, and it is not entirely clear what GHG emission amounts generate during different stages of road life cycle. Thus, the precision of the obtained results are often dependent on the sources and quantities of data, assumptions, and hypothesis. The use of more accurate and efficient calculation-evaluation methods could let to determine in which stages of road life cycle the largest carbon footprint emissions are generated, what advanced road construction methods and technologies could be used. Also, the road service life could be extended, the consumption of raw materials, repair, and maintenance costs could be reduced. Therefore the time-savings could be improved, and the impact on the environment could be reduced using these GHG calculation-evaluation methods.

Full-Depth In-Place Recycling and Road Strengthening Systems for Low-Volume Roads: Highway No. 19 Case Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis Berthelot ◽  
Ron Gerbrandt
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Upgrading Strategies ◽  
Feasible Solutions

The province of Saskatchewan has the highest number of public roads per capita in Canada, totaling approximately 198,700 km. The Saskatchewan Department of Highways and Transportation manages approximately 26,100 km of these public roads. As with most public road agencies, the department has limited resources for managing this relatively large network of low-volume roads and therefore continually strives to research and implement more cost-effective and technically feasible solutions. Of particular concern are approximately 7,500 km of thin membrane surface (TMS) roads that are undergoing accelerated damage as truck traffic and loading increase. Although conventional TMS upgrading strategies are normally effective, there are potentially significant benefits to be gained with implementation of more cost-effective methods of road strengthening. Systems include granular soil strengthening and applications of different cement products, lime, various grades of fly ash, geotextiles, geogrids, natural and manufactured fibers, emulsified bitumen, tall oil, lignin, foamed bitumen, and synthetic ionic and cationic chemicals. Since 1999, in conjunction with Pavement Scientific International and in cooperation with the University of Saskatchewan and product suppliers, the department has constructed pilot projects on Highway No. 19 to identify, develop, and implement more cost-effective strengthening systems. The primary research objective is to investigate alternative road construction systems that will improve the load-carrying capacity and environmental durability of Saskatchewan TMS roads. Improved mechanistic engineering methods played a part in this initiative, and pilot project performance was monitored.

scholarly journals Kiessande für sekundäre Strassen | Aggregates for Low Volume Roads

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (10) ◽  
pp. 398-402
Author(s):  
Richard Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Crushed Rock ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Low Volume

Gravel is the most important material for road construction. In most countries the quality of gravel for sub-base and base is standardised. The Association of Swiss Road and Traffic Engineers recently revised the Swiss SN standard 670 120d for subbase gravel. Quality requirements concerning the admissible content of fine particles and the limits of particle size distribution were intensified, for no obvious reason. Former studies and experiences proved that these stricter specifications are neither necessary, from a soil-mechanical point of view, nor economical. For low volume roads, such as forest and rural roads, it is therefore suggested to use the limits of particle size distribution for gravel II (except for crushed rock aggregates),but a clearly higher amount of fine particles can be accepted.

scholarly journals The influence of management and construction methods in the repair costs of Spain’s low-volume road network

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Eutiquio Gallego ◽  
Manuel Moya ◽  
Esperanza Ayuga-Téllez ◽  
Ana I. García ◽  
Francisco Ayuga
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Low Volume

This paper describes the entire process of the implementation of the Spanish low volume road network, including the design criteria, the construction techniques and the management policies during all the periods. The current situation of low volume roads in Spain was analyzed with respect to the legal framework and their actual condition. In addition, the budget required for the repair of 41 low volume roads throughout Spain was calculated in order to statistically analyze the influence of the pavement materials and the period of construction. The main conclusions were that low volume roads constructed during the 1970´s are currently those in the best state of repair and those requiring the lower repair costs, even lower than those constructed after 1980´s. In addition, low volume roads constructed with higher quality materials and using standardized techniques required five times lower repair costs than those made of lower quality materials.

scholarly journals Performance Prediction Modelling for Flexible Pavement on Low Volume Roads Using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
C. Makendran ◽  
R. Murugasan ◽  
S. Velmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Flexible Pavements ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Low Volume

Prediction models for low volume village roads in India are developed to evaluate the progression of different types of distress such as roughness, cracking, and potholes. Even though the Government of India is investing huge quantum of money on road construction every year, poor control over the quality of road construction and its subsequent maintenance is leading to the faster road deterioration. In this regard, it is essential that scientific maintenance procedures are to be evolved on the basis of performance of low volume flexible pavements. Considering the above, an attempt has been made in this research endeavor to develop prediction models to understand the progression of roughness, cracking, and potholes in flexible pavements exposed to least or nil routine maintenance. Distress data were collected from the low volume rural roads covering about 173 stretches spread across Tamil Nadu state in India. Based on the above collected data, distress prediction models have been developed using multiple linear regression analysis. Further, the models have been validated using independent field data. It can be concluded that the models developed in this study can serve as useful tools for the practicing engineers maintaining flexible pavements on low volume roads.

Deterministic and stochastic life-cycle cost analysis for Otta seal surface treatment on low volume roads

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Nahvi ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Ali Arabzadeh ◽  
Halil Ceylan ◽  
Sunghwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Low Volume

Economic Evaluation of Multislice Computed Tomography Scanners Through a Life Cycle Cost Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Morfonios A. Morfonios ◽  
◽  
D. Kaitelidou D. Kaitelidou ◽  
G. Filntisis G. Filntisis ◽  
G. Baltopoulos G. Baltopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Tomography Scanners
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