scholarly journals Selected chemical characteristics and acute toxicity of urban stormwater, streamflow, and bed material, Maricopa County, Arizona

1995 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Maricopa County ◽  
Bed Material

Discussion on Application of Biotic Ligand Model - The Tool to Predict Bioavailability of Metals

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 2649-2652
Author(s):  
Guang Yang ◽  
Lin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Biotic Ligand Model ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Biotic Ligand ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Realization Process ◽  
Ligand Model

Biotic ligand model (BLM) is a tool with the consideration of aquatic organism would have interaction with metals in different forms. Water chemical characteristics would also have some influence with bioavailability. In this study, BLM’s theoretical basis and realization process were discussed in detail, followed by the application status of the model. Finally, current challenges and future direction of BLM were pointed out. BLM assumes that the biological effect happens during the chemical equilibrium, which means that the model might only explain the acute toxicity results.

Acute toxicity and chemical characteristics of moderately polluted runoff from highways

1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gjessing ◽  
E. Lygren ◽  
S. Andersen ◽  
L. Berglind ◽  
G. Carlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Characteristics

Chemical Characteristics and Acute Toxicity of Foam on Two Aerated Lagoons

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1284-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Servizi ◽  
R. W. Gordon ◽  
I. H. Rogers ◽  
H. W. Mahood
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Resin Acids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Chemical Characteristics

Foam collected from two aerated lagoons treating kraft pulp effluents was highly toxic to juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Chemical fractionation of one foam revealed large amounts of toxic resin acids and neutral diterpenes. In the other foam, toxicity was related to a pitch dispersant and unidentified material. Neither foam was readily detoxified by biological treatment in the laboratory.

Characterization of defects in tabular silver halide grains

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1047
Author(s):  
C. Goessens ◽  
D. Schryvers ◽  
J. Van Landuyt ◽  
A. Verbeeck ◽  
R. De Keyzer
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Silver Halide ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Free Region ◽  
Central Defect ◽  
Crystallographic Defects ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Two Sides

Silver halide grains (AgX, X=Cl,Br,I) are commonly recognized as important entities in photographic applications. Depending on the preparation specifications one can grow cubic, octahedral, tabular a.o. morphologies, each with its own physical and chemical characteristics. In the present study crystallographic defects introduced by the mixing of 5-20% iodide in a growing AgBr tabular grain are investigated. X-ray diffractometry reveals the existence of a homogeneous Ag(Br1-xIx) region, expected to be formed around the AgBr kernel. In fig. 1 a two-beam BF image, taken at T≈100 K to diminish radiation damage, of a triangular tabular grain is presented, clearly showing defect contrast fringes along four of the six directions; the remaining two sides show similar contrast under relevant diffraction conditions. The width of the central defect free region corresponds with the pure AgBr kernel grown before the mixing with I. The thickness of a given grain lies between 0.15 and 0.3 μm: as indicated in fig. 2 triangular (resp. hexagonal) grains exhibit an uneven (resp. even) number of twin interfaces (i.e., between + and - twin variants) parallel with the (111) surfaces. The thickness of the grains and the existence of the twin variants was confirmed from CTEM images of perpendicular cuts.

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