scholarly journals Socioeconomic Impacts of Biogas in Suklagandaki Municipality of Tanahun District

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Tej Prasad Sigdel
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Biogas Energy ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy

This paper examines socioeconomic impacts of biogas in the western hills of Nepal in general and the Suklagandaki Municipality of Tanahun district in particular. Biogas is considered as a sustainable renewable energy. It has positive environmental impacts on local, national and global levels. It is one of the most reliable alternative energy resources replacing fuel wood for cooking especially in rural areas of Nepal. On the basis of 40 biogas users sampled households, this paper revealed that more than 70 percent households reported that after the installation of biogas plant, there were some positive changes in their socioeconomic conditions. For example, the use of biogas energy has saved about 70 percent of the household fuel consumption especially for firewood and kerosene. About 60 percent households have reported that use of biogas as an energy sources has also saved them working loads and time and waste of biogas increased 65 percent of the total agricultural production. The use of biogas energy has also improved in their health through smoke prone diseases such as burning eyes, headache, coughing and throat ache. Biogas plant has also improved in household sanitary condition and practices, it has also reduced firewood consumption. This paper also indicates the negative impacts of biogas plant installation such as increase the number of mosquito population and losses of warmth in the house especially in winter season. The overall findings show that biogas has certainly beneficial for the socioeconomic changes in the rural areas of the study area.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Impact of Biogas on Padampur VDC in Chitwan, Nepal

2014 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Amgai
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Socioeconomic Impact ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Domestic Plant ◽  
Biogas Energy

Biogas as a new and modern alternative energy resource generated within the households of the rural premise is studied in order to assess the socio-economic condition of the users. The study was carried out in the Padampur VDC of Chitwan District in 2010. The study is based on a sample of 35 biogas users (14 percent of the installed plant). The study found that the use of biogas energy has saved 80 percent of fuel wood and kerosene consumption and 50 percent use of electricity in the households surveyed. Likewise, the use of biogas effluent, by-product from the domestic plant, is proved useful as bio-fertilizer in the agriculture field. More than 71 percent biogas users found increase in their agricultural production. Thus, the installation of biogas has brought some positive changes in health, hygiene and the sanitation including household income.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ttp.v11i0.11525The Third PoleVol. 11-12, 2012page:16-20

Development of integrated bioenergy devices for the improvement in the quality of life of poor people

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeen Omer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Salient Points ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Added Benefit

Abstract Sudan enjoys abundant solar, wind, hydro, and biomass resources. Like many tropical countries, Sudan has ample biomass resources that can be efficiently exploited in a manner that is both profitable and sustainable. Fuel-wood farming offers cost-effective and environmentally friendly energy solutions for Sudan, with the added benefit of providing sustainable livelihoods in rural areas. Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy in Sudan, which is potentially rich in biomass resources. This is an overview of some salient points and perspectives of biomass technology in Sudan. The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biomass technology. This article provides an overview of biomass energy activities and highlights future plans concerning optimum technical and economical utilization of biomass energy available in Sudan.

scholarly journals Forecasting Solar PV Demand Split and Fuel Wood Usage Reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla Villages in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Olalekan Aquila Jesuleye
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Household Data ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Local Dialect

The study examined solar photovoltaic demand split and fuel wood usage reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages, that were among the pilot sites for solar electrification programs in the western ecological region of Nigeria. It used questionnaire techniques to elicit information in the local dialect of the respondents, on alternative energy sources for provision of energy services from each of the household's heads, representing solar PV users, in all the 371 households that constitute about 13.4 percent of the 2,778 dwellers in the two villages, for the base year 2020. Specifically, at the rate of the observed 8 dwellers per household, data were obtained from 179 respondents, out of a total of 1,434 dwellers in Eriti village. Likewise, at the rate of the observed 7 dwellers per household, data were also obtained from 192 respondents, out of a total of 1,344 dwellers in Oke-Agunla village. Model for Analysis of Energy Demand (MADE-II) was used for the study. The study showed that the total lighting demand share for solar PV in each of the villages’ total energy demand mix in 2020 was insignificantly low at 5.1 percent share in Eriti village and 6.1 percent share in Oke-Agunla village. Contrariwise, firewood demand maintained as high as 94 and 92 percent share for Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages respectively in the total energy demand mix and by 2030, in Oke-Agunla village, 3-stones-firewood stoves demand for cooking fell drastically from 77% to 30% share, whereas improved firewood stoves demand for cooking rose astronomically from 11% share in 2020 to 45% share by 2030. Nigerian government should adopt such best policy intervention scenario for all the rural areas in the country.

scholarly journals Biogas Energy and Livelihood Sustainability Within Rural Households in the North West Region of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 635-641
Author(s):  
Riddley Mbiybe Ngala ◽  
Loveline Kongla Nsahlai ◽  
Anastasia Kininla Kongnyuy ◽  
Harry Mairomi Wirngo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
North West ◽  
Know How ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Biogas Energy ◽  
Rural Dwellers

Apart from road, water and health difficulties, energy more especially fuel is amongst the issues rural dwellers have to grapple with in their quest for sustainable livelihood. Biogas energy was introduced in Cameroon in the 1970s. In this paper we intend to demonstrate how biogas energy is primordial in sustaining livelihoods in rural areas as a substitute to traditional fuel wood through its environmental, economic and social advantages.To carry out the study we conducted a sample of biogas users in the North West Region of Cameroon. Then we administered questionnaires to identified users followed by interviews and observation of the putting in place of these schemes.We therefore argue that biogas energy schemes can sustain livelihoods in rural areas as the slurry is used in farms for crop cultivation; its use reduces drudgery and improves the health of its users. Our findings equally reveal that the use of biogas energy mitigates the effects of deforestation as well as help in the fight for environmental protection.Further research is required to render such initiatives efficient by upgrading its performance with the required technological know-how as well as diversify its uses from not only a source of fuel but should equally be rendered more flexible.

Assessment on Biogas Utilizations in Rural Areas in Urumqi, Xinjiang

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Ma ◽  
I Shin Chang ◽  
Jing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Reliable Source

As the effective and efficient means of resources utilization, biomass energy has become a very valuable and reliable source of alternative energy in China, especially for remote areas and countryside. First, in order to facilitate the development of biogas applications and promote the economic, social and ecological benefits from comprehensive utilization of biogas in rural areas in Urumqi (Capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, XUAR), the biogas potential was estimated, the biogas engineering construction and biogas comprehensive utilization were evaluated, and the existing problems of biogas development were analyzed, in this study. Second, countermeasures and recommendations were proposed in trying to resolved existing problems, based on international practical experience. And, according to local climatic situation and regional characteristics in Urumqi, ecological agriculture was proposed in this study as the development mode for the rural areas in Urumqi, based on the development of biogas technologies and international practical experience.

Diversity, status and habitat usage of avifauna at sadar upazila, magura, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-456
Author(s):  
Ashikur Rahman Shome ◽  
Md Mahabub Alam ◽  
Md Fazle Rabbe ◽  
Mohammad Mijanur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Firoj Jaman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Common Myna ◽  
Rural And Urban

A study on diversity, status, and habitat preference of avifauna was conducted from November 2017 to October 2018 in Magura Sadar upazila, Magura. Data was collected through direct field observations using line-transect method. Field surveys were made for three days per month in both rural and urban sites. A total of 140 species of birds belonged to 18 orders and 48 families were reported. Among the total species, 55% (77 species) were non-passerines and 45% (63 species) passerines with the highest individuals were counted under order Passeriformes. Resident bird species were dominant (106 species, 75.71%) over migratory (34 species, 24.28%) species. Species richness was the highest in the rural areas (124 species, 88.57%) and occurrence was the highest in winter season (97 species, 69.29%). The maximum species were recorded from trees (87 species, 62.14%) as preferred habitat. In this study, in total 4,060 individuals of birds were counted and among them, 51.55% (n=2093) were observed in the rural areas and 48.45% (n=1967) were in the urban areas. The highest number of birds was found in December (10.34%, n=432) and seasonal abundance was the highest in winter (40.15%, n=1630). Abundance was the highest for Common Myna (5.76%, n=234) among all recorded species. Diversity indices showed that the bird species were the most diverse in the rural areas in the winter season and in July. Habitat diversity indices were the highest for trees and birds used different types of habitats at different times for roosting, breeding and feeding. Regarding the observation status, 29.28% species was very common, 4.28% common, 31.42% fairly common, and 35% were few. This baseline data indicate that this study site is significant from the ecological and conservation point of views. Therefore, further research is necessary to understand how this avian diversity is maintained in this ecological setting. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 441-456, 2020

Analysing Temporal Effects on Classification of SAR and Optical Images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Batuhan Polat ◽  
Ozgun Akcay ◽  
Fusun Balik Sanli
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Training Samples

<p>Obtaining high accuracy in land cover classification is a non-trivial problem in geosciences for monitoring urban and rural areas. In this study, different classification algorithms were tested with different types of data, and besides the effects of seasonal changes on these classification algorithms and the evaluation of the data used are investigated. In addition, the effect of increasing classification training samples on classification accuracy has been revealed as a result of the study. Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images and Sentinel-2 multispectral optical images were used as datasets. Object-based approach was used for the classification of various fused image combinations. The classification algorithms Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and K-Nearest Neighborhood (kNN) methods were used for this process. In addition, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was examined separately to define the exact contribution to the classification accuracy.  As a result, the overall accuracies were compared by classifying the fused data generated by combining optical and SAR images. It has been determined that the increase in the number of training samples improve the classification accuracy. Moreover, it was determined that the object-based classification obtained from single SAR imagery produced the lowest classification accuracy among the used different dataset combinations in this study. In addition, it has been shown that NDVI data does not increase the accuracy of the classification in the winter season as the trees shed their leaves due to climate conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Achieving Sustainable Energy in Rural Communities in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Kwabena Boafo Adom-Opare ◽  
Daniel Kweku Baah Inkoom
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Industrial Energy

The paper uses a range of sustainability-measuring indicators to define and measure sustainable energy in a rural context. The use of fuel wood and charcoal in rural areas has consequences on the environment and human health and ultimately, climate change. Fuel wood and charcoal consumption for example pose threats in through carbon emissions. Though Ghana and most African countries are not heavy carbon emitters, it is important to recognize that fuel wood and charcoal are major sources of residential and industrial energy resource. From the study, it was estimated that household and industrial/commercial fuel wood and charcoal consumption, emitted 24,171 tCO2/year and the net carbon capture was about 112billion tCO2/year. The balance between carbon emitted and capture provides an indication of more room for carbon sequestration in the area and its environs; however high growth in fuel consumption coupled with increasing forest reduction and water evaporation (refer to section 4.6.3 on data on evaporation) presents a case for concern over the years.

scholarly journals Energy consumption pattern and renewable energy alternatives in Madi Kalyanpur, Chitwan, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Sumitra Poudel ◽  
Narayan Prassad Chaulagain ◽  
Manoj Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Co2 Equivalent ◽  
Energy Consumption Pattern

Energy consumption pattern and greenhouse gases emission are interrelated. The unsustainable use of biomass and widespread use of commercial energy are of the major sources of greenhouse gas emission. The alternative to kerosene for lighting is solar home system (SHS), which is one of the potential renewable technologies for rural electrification. The present study has analyzed household energy consumption pattern and greenhouse gases emission from energy consumption practices as well as environmental and economic benefits of SHS in Madi Kalyanpur Village Development Committee of Chitwan district. For the purpose, the primary data were collected through household questionnaire survey, key informant interview (KII) and focus group discussion (FGD). The analysis has shown that 22% of household use all types of energy, i.e. fuel-wood, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), biogas and SHS as the sources of energy. Thirty-five percent households use fuel-wood, LPG and SHS, 24% use fuel-wood, biogas and SHS, 1% used LPG and SHS, 5% use biogas and SHS, 4% use LPG, biogas and SHS and 9% use fuel-wood and SHS as a source of energy. Almost all people have been using SHS for the lighting purpose. The average annual greenhouse gases emission per household from fuel-wood and liquefied petroleum gas consumption was 7.89 ton and 0.17 ton of CO2 equivalent respectively. Typically, a 40 Wp SHS reduced the consumption of kerosene by 42 liter annually for lighting that displaced 0.11 ton of CO2 equivalent per household per year. The simple payback period for typically 40 Wp SHS was found to be nine years with no subsidy, seven years with subsidy from Alternative Energy Promotion Centre and two years with Indian Government Grant. Similarly, the benefit-cost ratios were found to be 3.1, 3.5 and 4.6 for the systems with no subsidy, with AEPC subsidy and with Indian Grant, respectively.

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