Development of integrated bioenergy devices for the improvement in the quality of life of poor people

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeen Omer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Salient Points ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Added Benefit

Abstract Sudan enjoys abundant solar, wind, hydro, and biomass resources. Like many tropical countries, Sudan has ample biomass resources that can be efficiently exploited in a manner that is both profitable and sustainable. Fuel-wood farming offers cost-effective and environmentally friendly energy solutions for Sudan, with the added benefit of providing sustainable livelihoods in rural areas. Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy in Sudan, which is potentially rich in biomass resources. This is an overview of some salient points and perspectives of biomass technology in Sudan. The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biomass technology. This article provides an overview of biomass energy activities and highlights future plans concerning optimum technical and economical utilization of biomass energy available in Sudan.

scholarly journals Solid Biomass Energy Potential as a Development Opportunity for Rural Communities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3398
Author(s):  
Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski ◽  
Paweł Dudziec ◽  
Michał Krzyżaniak ◽  
Ewelina Olba-Zięty
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Development Opportunity ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Solid Biomass

Conventional energy sources often do not fully satisfy the needs of a modern economy, especially given the climate changes associated with them. These issues should be addressed by diversification of energy generation, including the development of renewable energy sources (RES). Solid biomass will play a major part in the process in Poland. The function of rural areas, along with a well-developed agricultural and forest economy sector, will be a key aspect in this as these areas are suitable for solid biomass acquisition in various ways. This study aimed to determine the solid biomass energy potential in the commune of Goworowo to illustrate the potential in the smallest administrative units of Poland. This research determined the environmental and natural conditions in the commune, which helped to identify the crucial usable solid biomass resources. The total energy potential of solid biomass resources in the commune of Goworowo amounted to 97,672 GJ y−1. The highest potential was accumulated in straw surplus (37,288 GJ y−1) and the lowest was in wood from roadside maintenance (113 GJ y−1). This study showed that rural areas could soon play a significant role in obtaining solid biomass, and individual communes could become spaces for the diversification of energy feedstock.

Assessment on Biogas Utilizations in Rural Areas in Urumqi, Xinjiang

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Ma ◽  
I Shin Chang ◽  
Jing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Reliable Source

As the effective and efficient means of resources utilization, biomass energy has become a very valuable and reliable source of alternative energy in China, especially for remote areas and countryside. First, in order to facilitate the development of biogas applications and promote the economic, social and ecological benefits from comprehensive utilization of biogas in rural areas in Urumqi (Capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, XUAR), the biogas potential was estimated, the biogas engineering construction and biogas comprehensive utilization were evaluated, and the existing problems of biogas development were analyzed, in this study. Second, countermeasures and recommendations were proposed in trying to resolved existing problems, based on international practical experience. And, according to local climatic situation and regional characteristics in Urumqi, ecological agriculture was proposed in this study as the development mode for the rural areas in Urumqi, based on the development of biogas technologies and international practical experience.

scholarly journals Introduksi Bahan Bakar Wood Pellet pada IKM Makanan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Syamsudin Syamsudin ◽  
Aflit Nuryulia Praswati ◽  
Siti Fatimah Nurhayati ◽  
Siti Zulaekah
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
High Price ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Partnership Program ◽  
Fuel Source

Small and Medium Enterprises (IKM) play an important role in the economic growth of Sragen Regency. Efforts to empower SMEs to need to be continued, one of which is by maintaining the availability of fuel. The IKM of Kedawung District currently uses wood fuel but is hampered by the quality of firewood that is less dry. Nata de coco IKM had switched to using LPG, but it was often difficult to get it if they found it at a high price. Wood pellets are an alternative fuel source that can be used by SMIs in Sragen Regency. Sragen Regency already has wood pellet producers located in Kalijambe District. The solution offered at IKM is alternative energy biomass wood pellets. The Community Partnership Program (PKM) to be carried out is in the form of production in the form of introduction of wood pellet biomass energy and management in the form of calculating the feasibility of using wood pellets for business development. The PKM activity plan includes training and socialization of wood pellet biomass energy, the introduction of wood pellet stoves, training on the use of wood pellet stoves. The target of this PKM activity output is the IKM of Sragen Regency to get knowledge and skills to use alternative energy biomass wood pellets as fuel

scholarly journals The Impact Of Health Card On Citizens’ Quality Of Life: Evidence In Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Md. Rakibul Hoque ◽  
Ramiz Uddin ◽  
Mohammad Mostafizur Rahman Khan ◽  
Farzana Rahman Shumi ◽  
Fahmida Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Service System ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Health Card ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

People living in the rural areas in developing countries are deprived of the basic needs including health. In Bangladesh, the rural poor people are facing difficulties to be facilitated from the enhanced medical services, mostly because of the increased medical expenses, and the time required to complete the whole process. Henceforth, it is necessary for the government to enhance the medical facilities to its rural citizens for proper development. It has been argued that the health card service system in Bangladesh can enhance the medical services. However, no studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of health card on the quality of life of rural people in Bangladesh. This study attempts to investigate this issue from actual beneficiary perspective. The main objective of this study is to provide a synopsis of the roles of health card on rural citizen of Bangladesh. The data were collected through telephone and face to face interview from a purposive sample in rural community, Bangladesh. The findings show that by using health card service system, rural poor people can get the facilities to visit the doctor directly whereas previously they had to buy ticket and wait for a long time in front of the doctors’ room. The result of this study suggests that, by using health card the quality of medical service can be enhanced as well as the time, cost and number of visit can be minimized. The findings of this research will be very useful for policy maker in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Forecasting Solar PV Demand Split and Fuel Wood Usage Reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla Villages in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Olalekan Aquila Jesuleye
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Household Data ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Local Dialect

The study examined solar photovoltaic demand split and fuel wood usage reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages, that were among the pilot sites for solar electrification programs in the western ecological region of Nigeria. It used questionnaire techniques to elicit information in the local dialect of the respondents, on alternative energy sources for provision of energy services from each of the household's heads, representing solar PV users, in all the 371 households that constitute about 13.4 percent of the 2,778 dwellers in the two villages, for the base year 2020. Specifically, at the rate of the observed 8 dwellers per household, data were obtained from 179 respondents, out of a total of 1,434 dwellers in Eriti village. Likewise, at the rate of the observed 7 dwellers per household, data were also obtained from 192 respondents, out of a total of 1,344 dwellers in Oke-Agunla village. Model for Analysis of Energy Demand (MADE-II) was used for the study. The study showed that the total lighting demand share for solar PV in each of the villages’ total energy demand mix in 2020 was insignificantly low at 5.1 percent share in Eriti village and 6.1 percent share in Oke-Agunla village. Contrariwise, firewood demand maintained as high as 94 and 92 percent share for Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages respectively in the total energy demand mix and by 2030, in Oke-Agunla village, 3-stones-firewood stoves demand for cooking fell drastically from 77% to 30% share, whereas improved firewood stoves demand for cooking rose astronomically from 11% share in 2020 to 45% share by 2030. Nigerian government should adopt such best policy intervention scenario for all the rural areas in the country.

Catalytic Gasification of Biomass Over Fe-MgO Catalyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2933-2936
Author(s):  
Qingyun Ren ◽  
Songtao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Catalytic Gasification ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Work Done

Given the significant abundance of non-food biomass resources, rural areas are endowed with a great potential for development of biomass energy systems which can make a significant contribution to economic development without public health issues. In this work, an experimental work done on air-steam gasification of biomass in precence of Fe/MgO for hydrogen rich gas production and CO2 reduction. As reactor temperature increased from 800 to 1000 oC, the tar and char yields decreased from 6.4 to 1.6 % and 18.4 to 5.6 %, respectively, while the syngas yield increased from 75.2 to 92.8 %. With the increase of C/B from 0.1 to 1.0, H2 concentration increased by 39 % while the CO2 concentration decreased from 35.4 vol% to 20.4 vol%.

scholarly journals Feasibility Assessment of Two Biogas-Linked Rural Campus Systems: A Techno-Economic Case Study

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqin Zhu ◽  
Congguang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Biomass Resources

The principle of sustainable development is becoming more and more prominent in various schools, and the eco-campus in rural areas often has more room for display. The identification and assessment of cost-effective biomass resources appropriate for recycling represent an opportunity that may significantly improve the comprehensive efficiency of an eco-campus system, resulting in remarkable investment savings, pollution reduction, as well as reducing energy consumption and resources waste. The economic feasibility of two biogas-linked rural campus systems (Fanjiazhai Middle School, FJZ and Xidazhai Middle School, XDZ, Yangling, China), as well as their key technologies, is investigated, the two systems respectively represent two biobased agricultural production modes. It is found that the initial investment, operating investment, and total revenue of FJZ system is 1.37 times, 2.39 times, and 1.71 times of XDZ system respectively, thus indicating that FJZ campus is proved to be a “larger” system compared to the other one. The operating costs show that reasonable control of labor and transportation costs should be carried out to optimize the economic feasibility of the system. After considering the system’s economic credits obtained from using biogas slurry flushing system and avoiding waste management, the net present value of XDZ system had increased to its 1.5 times, while the FJZ system had increased to its 135%. From the perspective of revenue to investment ratio, XDZ system has a better profit earning efficiency compared to FJZ system. The sensitivity analysis indicates that biogas price, fruit yield, labor use are main factors that have the greatest impacts on the economic performance of these eco-campuses.

scholarly journals Awareness of the environmental implications of the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources among rural households in Jigawa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Olusegun Martins Orifah ◽  
Messiah Chijioke Ijeoma ◽  
Gloria Isi Omokhudu ◽  
Gabriel T. Ahungwa ◽  
Bashir Garba Muktar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Abstract Use of biomass energy is on the increase in rural areas of Nigeria, and its use poses serious environmental challenges. The study assessed the awareness of the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources among rural households in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 respondents for the study using structured questionnaire. Collected data were analysed using descriptive (frequency counts, percentage, mean, and rank) and inferential statistics (chi-squared test). The result revealed that the majority of the respondents were male (94.2%), married (90.8%), and between 31 to 40 years, with a mean age of 39.8 years. Results further revealed that the majority of the respondents were farmers (56.7%), had Qur’anic education (71.7%), and earned a monthly income of N10,000–N20,999 (52.5%), with a mean monthly income of ₦13,816.67. Use of fuel wood (100%) and charcoal (100%) were the dominant biomass energy sources used. Results at the level of awareness revealed that the majority of the respondents (80.8%) had low awareness of the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources. The respondents’ main source of information on the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources were radio (64.17%) and extension agents (54.2%). The high cost of other alternatives, scarcity of refilling stations, scarcity of the alternatives, and lack of funds to purchase other alternatives are some of the major constraint bedevilling the use of non-solid energy sources. Level of education (χ2 = 6.584; p < 0.1) and average monthly income (χ2 = 8.277; p < 0.1) were significantly related to awareness of the environmental implication of the unsustainable use of biomass energy. It is therefore recommended that people should be enlightened on the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources. Furthermore, policies favouring a switch of energy source should be considered.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Dialysis in Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vickie Wai-Ki Kwong ◽  
Philip Kam-Tao Li
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
East And West ◽  
End Stage

Background: There is a growing demand of dialysis in Asia for end-stage renal failure patients. Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure in many countries in Asia. Summary: The growth of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in Asia is significant and seeing a good trend. With the enhanced practices of PD, the quality of care in PD in Asia is also improved. Overall, PD and hemodialysis (HD) are comparable in clinical outcome. There is a global trend in the reduction of peritonitis rates and Asian countries also witness such improvement. The socio-economic benefits of PD for end-stage renal failure patients in both urban and rural areas in the developed and developing regions of Asia are an important consideration. This can help to reduce the financial burden of renal failure in addressing the growing demand of patients on dialysis. Initiatives should be considered to further drive down the cost of PD in Asia. Key Messages: Growing demand for dialysis by an increasing number of end-stage renal failure patients requires the use of a cost-effective quality dialysis modality. PD is found to be comparable to HD in outcome and quality. In most countries in Asia, PD should be more cost-effective than HD. A ‘PD-first' or a ‘PD as first considered therapy' policy can be an overall strategy in many countries in Asia in managing renal failure patients, taking the examples of Hong Kong and Thailand. Facts from East and West: (1) PD is cheaper than HD and provides a better quality of life worldwide, but its prevalence is significantly lower than that of HD in all countries, with the exception of Hong Kong. Allowing reimbursement of PD but not HD has permitted to increase the use of PD over HD in many Asian countries like Hong Kong, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, as well as in New Zealand and Australia over the last years. In the Western world, however, HD is still promoted, and the proportion of patients treated with PD decreases. Japan remains an exception in Asia where PD penetration is very low. Lack of adequate education of practitioners and information of patients might as well be reasons for the low penetration of PD in both the East and West. (2) Patient survival of PD varies between and within countries but is globally similar to HD. (3) Peritonitis remains the main cause of morbidity in PD patients. South Asian countries face specific issues such as high tuberculosis and mycobacterial infections, which are rare in developed Asian and Western countries. The infection rate is affected by climatic and socio-economic factors and is higher in hot, humid and rural areas. (4) Nevertheless, the promotion of a PD-first policy might be beneficial particularly for remote populations in emerging countries where the end-stage renal disease rate is increasing dramatically.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Impacts of Biogas in Suklagandaki Municipality of Tanahun District

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Tej Prasad Sigdel
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Biogas Energy ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy

This paper examines socioeconomic impacts of biogas in the western hills of Nepal in general and the Suklagandaki Municipality of Tanahun district in particular. Biogas is considered as a sustainable renewable energy. It has positive environmental impacts on local, national and global levels. It is one of the most reliable alternative energy resources replacing fuel wood for cooking especially in rural areas of Nepal. On the basis of 40 biogas users sampled households, this paper revealed that more than 70 percent households reported that after the installation of biogas plant, there were some positive changes in their socioeconomic conditions. For example, the use of biogas energy has saved about 70 percent of the household fuel consumption especially for firewood and kerosene. About 60 percent households have reported that use of biogas as an energy sources has also saved them working loads and time and waste of biogas increased 65 percent of the total agricultural production. The use of biogas energy has also improved in their health through smoke prone diseases such as burning eyes, headache, coughing and throat ache. Biogas plant has also improved in household sanitary condition and practices, it has also reduced firewood consumption. This paper also indicates the negative impacts of biogas plant installation such as increase the number of mosquito population and losses of warmth in the house especially in winter season. The overall findings show that biogas has certainly beneficial for the socioeconomic changes in the rural areas of the study area.

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