scholarly journals Socioeconomic Impact of Biogas on Padampur VDC in Chitwan, Nepal

2014 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Amgai
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Socioeconomic Impact ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Domestic Plant ◽  
Biogas Energy

Biogas as a new and modern alternative energy resource generated within the households of the rural premise is studied in order to assess the socio-economic condition of the users. The study was carried out in the Padampur VDC of Chitwan District in 2010. The study is based on a sample of 35 biogas users (14 percent of the installed plant). The study found that the use of biogas energy has saved 80 percent of fuel wood and kerosene consumption and 50 percent use of electricity in the households surveyed. Likewise, the use of biogas effluent, by-product from the domestic plant, is proved useful as bio-fertilizer in the agriculture field. More than 71 percent biogas users found increase in their agricultural production. Thus, the installation of biogas has brought some positive changes in health, hygiene and the sanitation including household income.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ttp.v11i0.11525The Third PoleVol. 11-12, 2012page:16-20

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Impacts of Biogas in Suklagandaki Municipality of Tanahun District

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Tej Prasad Sigdel
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Biogas Energy ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy

This paper examines socioeconomic impacts of biogas in the western hills of Nepal in general and the Suklagandaki Municipality of Tanahun district in particular. Biogas is considered as a sustainable renewable energy. It has positive environmental impacts on local, national and global levels. It is one of the most reliable alternative energy resources replacing fuel wood for cooking especially in rural areas of Nepal. On the basis of 40 biogas users sampled households, this paper revealed that more than 70 percent households reported that after the installation of biogas plant, there were some positive changes in their socioeconomic conditions. For example, the use of biogas energy has saved about 70 percent of the household fuel consumption especially for firewood and kerosene. About 60 percent households have reported that use of biogas as an energy sources has also saved them working loads and time and waste of biogas increased 65 percent of the total agricultural production. The use of biogas energy has also improved in their health through smoke prone diseases such as burning eyes, headache, coughing and throat ache. Biogas plant has also improved in household sanitary condition and practices, it has also reduced firewood consumption. This paper also indicates the negative impacts of biogas plant installation such as increase the number of mosquito population and losses of warmth in the house especially in winter season. The overall findings show that biogas has certainly beneficial for the socioeconomic changes in the rural areas of the study area.

The development of alternative energy sources: Prospects in Russia and the world

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 885-904
Author(s):  
M.E. Frai
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Key Steps

Subject. The article discusses limited sources of energy nowadays and an ongoing survey of new ones. I focus on fuel and energy complexes worldwide and in Russia. Objectives. The study is to analyze the future use of alternative energy sources in the fuel and energy complex nationwide and worldwide. I review the existing energy sources of the fuel and energy complex in the global and regional markets, specifically the alternative ones. Methods. The study relies upon methods of statistics, analysis and systems approach. Results. The article demonstrates that the fuel and energy complex strongly depends on the current situation in the energy resource market, which is difficult to forecast. If we continue relying on traditional energy resources, we get exposed to some risks affecting the sustainable development of the economy. Russia should diversify the power engineering sector by developing alternative energy sources. The article sets forth the economic rationale for alternative sources and key steps Russia shall make. Conclusions and Relevance. Considering the current situation in the energy balance, alternative energy is what any advanced society seeks for, being supported by manufacturers, governmental institutions, and researchers, though low profitability and high infrastructure costs impede its development. In Russia, these challenges are even more palpable. However, even now Russia is able to find alternative energy solutions. In addition to advantages of alternative energy, which is globally proclaimed, they will also help Russia diversify and update the economic system.

scholarly journals Achieving Sustainable Energy in Rural Communities in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Kwabena Boafo Adom-Opare ◽  
Daniel Kweku Baah Inkoom
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Industrial Energy

The paper uses a range of sustainability-measuring indicators to define and measure sustainable energy in a rural context. The use of fuel wood and charcoal in rural areas has consequences on the environment and human health and ultimately, climate change. Fuel wood and charcoal consumption for example pose threats in through carbon emissions. Though Ghana and most African countries are not heavy carbon emitters, it is important to recognize that fuel wood and charcoal are major sources of residential and industrial energy resource. From the study, it was estimated that household and industrial/commercial fuel wood and charcoal consumption, emitted 24,171 tCO2/year and the net carbon capture was about 112billion tCO2/year. The balance between carbon emitted and capture provides an indication of more room for carbon sequestration in the area and its environs; however high growth in fuel consumption coupled with increasing forest reduction and water evaporation (refer to section 4.6.3 on data on evaporation) presents a case for concern over the years.

scholarly journals Energy consumption pattern and renewable energy alternatives in Madi Kalyanpur, Chitwan, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Sumitra Poudel ◽  
Narayan Prassad Chaulagain ◽  
Manoj Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Co2 Equivalent ◽  
Energy Consumption Pattern

Energy consumption pattern and greenhouse gases emission are interrelated. The unsustainable use of biomass and widespread use of commercial energy are of the major sources of greenhouse gas emission. The alternative to kerosene for lighting is solar home system (SHS), which is one of the potential renewable technologies for rural electrification. The present study has analyzed household energy consumption pattern and greenhouse gases emission from energy consumption practices as well as environmental and economic benefits of SHS in Madi Kalyanpur Village Development Committee of Chitwan district. For the purpose, the primary data were collected through household questionnaire survey, key informant interview (KII) and focus group discussion (FGD). The analysis has shown that 22% of household use all types of energy, i.e. fuel-wood, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), biogas and SHS as the sources of energy. Thirty-five percent households use fuel-wood, LPG and SHS, 24% use fuel-wood, biogas and SHS, 1% used LPG and SHS, 5% use biogas and SHS, 4% use LPG, biogas and SHS and 9% use fuel-wood and SHS as a source of energy. Almost all people have been using SHS for the lighting purpose. The average annual greenhouse gases emission per household from fuel-wood and liquefied petroleum gas consumption was 7.89 ton and 0.17 ton of CO2 equivalent respectively. Typically, a 40 Wp SHS reduced the consumption of kerosene by 42 liter annually for lighting that displaced 0.11 ton of CO2 equivalent per household per year. The simple payback period for typically 40 Wp SHS was found to be nine years with no subsidy, seven years with subsidy from Alternative Energy Promotion Centre and two years with Indian Government Grant. Similarly, the benefit-cost ratios were found to be 3.1, 3.5 and 4.6 for the systems with no subsidy, with AEPC subsidy and with Indian Grant, respectively.

Energy Consumption Optimization in Agriculture and Development Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 1505-1525
Author(s):  
Dmitry Tikhomirov ◽  
Andrey Izmailov ◽  
Yakov Lobachevsky ◽  
Anatoly Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
Supply Systems

In this article, indicators of energy consumption in agriculture for Russian Federation are discussed, starting from the year 1990, and their forecast values for the period up to 2030 with the analysis of the decay in the period from 1991 to 2010 and gradual growth of energy resources consumption started in 2010 and continued to the present day has been analyzed. The outlines of the strategy of rural energy base development and optimization have been considered. Demand, development, and implementation conditions of decentralized energy supply systems have been substantiated, and their features, composition, and application field have been specified. It has been shown that the major energy resource of standalone energy systems is local and renewable energy sources and of agricultural production wastes. Methods and technologies for the conversion of renewable energy sources (RES), biomass, and waste of agricultural production into heat and power have been characterized.

Mixed Dyes for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol >15 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rezaul Karim ◽  
Muhammad Ali Shar ◽  
Syed Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Background: Energy crisis is a vital issue worldwide and it will be increased tremendously in future. Alternative energy sources have been sought for the betterment of the future world. Solar energy is an alternative energy resource with plenty of opportunities. To make user- friendly and cheaper solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells are tried to develop in this aspect. Objective: Single dye is not good enough to capture a wide range of solar light. The blending of different dyes is an alternative approach to harvest a wider range of solar lights on solar cells. Here, N719 and IR dyes were utilized to get UV-VIS and NIR ranges of solar lights in dye-sensitized solar cells. Methods: Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated by using mixed dyes with various combinations of N719 (dye A) and IR dyes (dye B). The mixed dyes solutions were adsorbed on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and revealed significant light absorption & photosensitization compared with the individual dye solutions. The DSSCs fabricated with more percentage of IR dyes exhibited the best sensitization and broader spectrum. Results: The light absorption spectrum of the blended dyes solutions was confined peaks resultant of both N719 and IR dyes. The maximum efficiencies of 7.91% and 7.77% were obtained with 70% and 80% of IR dyes, respectively. Conclusion: Both N719 and IR mixed dyes solar cells were fabricated successfully for the first time. The relevant reasons behind the working of N719 and IR mixed dyes solar cells have been discussed. It was also noted that only IR dyes sensitized cells did not function under the simulated sunlight.

Numerical Simulation of Flow Around Melting Object by Lattice Gas Automata Method

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Matsukuma ◽  
Masaki Minemoto ◽  
Yutaka Abe
Keyword(s):  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Lattice Gas ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solid Boundary ◽  
Deformable Solid ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Lattice Gas Automata ◽  
Recovery System

From the view point of effective use of energy resources and reduction of greenhouse gases, methane hydrate has received considerable attention as a promising alternative energy resource. It is important to study effective recovery system of the methane hydrate, since it exists on the seabed at a depth of more than 1000m. The hot water injection method has been proposed as a promising methane hydrate recovery system. In this method, hot water is injected into methane hydrate layer through a pipe, and then molten methane is recovered. In this study, as the first step of the numerical analysis of the multiphase flow through complex boundary changing geometry, a new technique to generate a deformable solid boundary is proposed based on the lattice gas automata method. By using this technique, fundamental numerical simulations are demonstrated for the immiscible two-component flow in two-dimensional systems. Comparisons between simulation and experimental results clarified that the present technique is applicable to the flow of hot water and liquid methane and the disassociation of methane hydrate wall.

Wind Potential Assessment for the Utilization from Wind Energy in the Household Level: A Case Study of Nakhonratchasima Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 749-752
Author(s):  
Yuttachai Keawsuntia
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Wind Speed Data ◽  
Wind Potential

Wind energy is an important alternative energy resource because of it clean, does not cause pollution and it can be used as replacement of a fossil fuel energy. Utilization of the wind energy, the wind speed data has to be analyzed to make sure before use it. In this article is to present the wind speed data analysis by using Weibull distribution method. Wind speed data from the meteorological station at Pakchong district, Nakhonratchasima province, Thailand was used as the case study. The results show that this area has wind speed about 2.5 to 3.5 m/s. The average wind power density was 17.513 W/m2 and the total wind energy was 153.9819 kW·hr/m2 per year. This wind potential of this area can be used for water pumping and electricity generating for use in a household.

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Palm Oil Fruit Bunch in Anaerobic Biodigester through Liquid State (LS-AD) and Solid State (SS-AD) Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakti Jos ◽  
Hanif Farhan ◽  
Nadia Dwi Ayu ◽  
Budiyono ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
Daily Production

The crucial problem facing the world today is energy resources. Waste production of palm oil fruit bunch potentially produce as renewable energy resource. Palm oil fruit bunch contains 44% cellulose, 18% lignin and 34% hemicellulose. Organic carbon source is contained in biomass potentially produce biogas. Biogas is one of alternative energy, which is environmentally friendly and has been widely developed. This research is aimed to examine the effect of pretreatment in raw material of waste palm oil fruit bunch for the production of biogas, the effect of time, ratio C/N, and effect of microbial consortium. The variables are total solid (TS) used 10% and 18% with a 40 mesh physical pretreatment, chemical pretreatment with NaOH 8% gr / gr TS, and biology 5% g/vol with microbial consortium. Biogas production process was conducted over 2 months in room temperature, the test response quantitative results in the form of biogas volume every 2 days and also flame test. The result of this research shows that the highest daily production rate of biogas obtained from this study was 5,73 ml/gr TS and the highest biogas production accumulation generated at 58,28 ml/gr TS produced through a 40 mesh sieve of waste oil palm empty fruit bunch, immersion in NaOH, through solid state fermentation and C/N 30. From this research, it can be concluded that the optimum production of biogas formation occurs with the value of C/N 30, physical and biological pretreatment, and solid state method.

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