scholarly journals Biogas Energy and Livelihood Sustainability Within Rural Households in the North West Region of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 635-641
Author(s):  
Riddley Mbiybe Ngala ◽  
Loveline Kongla Nsahlai ◽  
Anastasia Kininla Kongnyuy ◽  
Harry Mairomi Wirngo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
North West ◽  
Know How ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Biogas Energy ◽  
Rural Dwellers

Apart from road, water and health difficulties, energy more especially fuel is amongst the issues rural dwellers have to grapple with in their quest for sustainable livelihood. Biogas energy was introduced in Cameroon in the 1970s. In this paper we intend to demonstrate how biogas energy is primordial in sustaining livelihoods in rural areas as a substitute to traditional fuel wood through its environmental, economic and social advantages.To carry out the study we conducted a sample of biogas users in the North West Region of Cameroon. Then we administered questionnaires to identified users followed by interviews and observation of the putting in place of these schemes.We therefore argue that biogas energy schemes can sustain livelihoods in rural areas as the slurry is used in farms for crop cultivation; its use reduces drudgery and improves the health of its users. Our findings equally reveal that the use of biogas energy mitigates the effects of deforestation as well as help in the fight for environmental protection.Further research is required to render such initiatives efficient by upgrading its performance with the required technological know-how as well as diversify its uses from not only a source of fuel but should equally be rendered more flexible.

An Empirical Study of Human Trafficking Law in Cameroon: Victims Rarely Seek Justice and Traffickers Are Not Held Liable

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-441
Author(s):  
Monique Aziza
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Arduous Task ◽  
Adults And Children

This article argues that the number of unprosecuted human traffickers is growing in Cameroon. This article aims to examine Cameroonian government officials, prosecutors and judiciary attitudes to human trafficking laws, which endanger Cameroonians. This article is an empirical study of victims of human trafficking. It takes an objective look at Cameroon's anti-trafficking law that criminalises the trafficking of adults and children. It is evident that societal discrimination towards the North West region, lack of opportunities for free education or to a trade post-primary school and the lack of enforcement of the anti-trafficking law are making combating human trafficking an arduous task.

scholarly journals Credit Constraint and Rural Household Welfare in the Mezam Division of the North-West Region of Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5964
Author(s):  
Louis Atamja ◽  
Sungjoon Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Household Welfare ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Credit Constraint ◽  
Endogenous Switching Regression ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the rural household’s head and household characteristics on credit accessibility. This study also seeks to investigate how credit constraint affects rural household welfare in the Mezam division of the North-West region of Cameroon. Using data from a household survey questionnaire, we found that 36.88% of the households were credit-constrained, while 63.13% were unconstrained. A probit regression model was used to examine the determinants of households’ credit access, while an endogenous switching regression model was used to analyze the impact of credit constraint on household welfare. The results from the probit regression model indicate the importance of the farmer’s or trader’s organization membership, occupation, and savings to the household’s likelihood of being credit-constrained. On the other hand, a prediction from the endogenous switching regression model confirms that households with access to credit have a better standard of welfare than a constrained household. From the results, it is necessary for the government to subsidize microfinance institutions, so that they can take on the risk of offering credit to rural households.

Systemic School Improvement Interventions in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
School Improvement ◽  
South African ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
North West ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Improvement Interventions ◽  
Academic Review

Looking at two smaller-scale systemic school improvement projects implemented in selected district circuits in the North West and Eastern Cape by partnerships between government, JET Education Services, and private sector organisations, this book captures and reflects on the experiences of the practitioners involved. The Systemic School Improvement Model developed by JET to address an identified range of interconnected challenges at district, school, classroom and household level, is made up of seven components. In reflecting on what worked and what did not in the implementation of these different components, the different chapters set out some of the practical lessons learnt, which could be used to improve the design and implementation of similar education improvement projects. Many of the lessons in this field that remain under-recorded to date relate to the step-by-step processes followed, the relationship dynamics encountered at different levels of the education system, and the local realities confronting schools and districts in South Africa's rural areas. Drawing on field data that is often not available to researchers, the book endeavours to address this gap and record these lessons. It is not intended to provide an academic review of the systemic school improvement projects. It is presented rather to offer other development practitioners working to improve the quality of education in South African schools, an understanding of some of the real practical and logistical challenges that arise and how these may be resolved to take further school improvement projects forward at a wider district, provincial and national scale.

PARTY POLITICS AND INTRA-ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN THE NKAMBE CENTRAL SUBDIVISION OF CAMEROON IN THE 2013 LEGISLATIVE ELECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Ransom Tanyu Ngenge
Keyword(s):  
Party Politics ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Ethnic Conflicts ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Good Number ◽  
Western Democracies ◽  
Legislative Election

Political deception is inherently ‘conflictual’ not only in the Western Democracies but also and even more so in Africa. Conflicts of political nature have often resulted from national and local elections in Africa and Cameroon. Prominently, such conflicts sometimes take an ethnic twist with far-reaching consequences. From this background, this article investigates into the forms and nature of intra-ethnic conflicts in the Nkambe Central Subdivision of Cameroon during the 2013 legislative election. With a combination of interviews and personal observations, including a good number of secondary/tertiary source-material, the article which is analyzed in thematic synthesis reveals that during the 2013 legislative election in the Nkambe Central Subdivision of the North West region of Cameroon, conflicts of clan-based, family and age-set nature emanated with far-reaching consequences on ethnic relations and development.

MORE ON THE QUESTION OF RURAL AREAS MULTIFUNCTIONALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2397-2415
Author(s):  
A.I. Kostyaev ◽  
◽  
S.B. Letunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Market Perception ◽  
Market Consequences

The approaches of Russian and foreign scientists to studying rural areas multifunctionality differ significantly. Domestic researchers consider this problem from the standpoint of public goods in agricultural production, agricultural production diversification, rural population livelihoods, land use, and sustainable development of rural areas. In all cases, we are talking about implementation of functions within rural areas without raising the question of buying and selling their intangible attributes. In foreign publications, two pragmatic approaches are seen within the concept of multifunctionality. The first approach is the market perception of rural areas as consumer spaces. In this case, the intangible attributes of the territories (landscape, nature, heritage or culture) are considered as a sold and bought product. The second approach is an approach from the standpoint of protection against negative market consequences in international food trade. The non-productive functions of agriculture are taken into account in the WTO negotiations as non-trade factors. This helps to protect the agriculture of many countries from the destructive effects of foreign trade. The article proposes to move from staged studies of the issue of multifunctionality to a constructive consideration of the material and non-material potential for implementing the rural areas' production and non-production functions. The purpose of the study is to determine the material and non-material basis of rural areas multifunctionality using the example of the North-West of Russia. The objectives of the study are to establish the capabilities of rural areas to perform their functions of: a) the international, b) the federal, c) the regional and d) the local significance; and on the basis of the idea of multifunctionality, to determine the ways for creating consumer spaces in rural areas. The following methods were used: decomposition of goals, the index one, the monographic and the grouping method. We used the materials by: Rosstat, Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia, Ministry of Culture of Russia. Municipal areas with the orientation of agricultural products to the international, federal and regional markets have been identified. The characteristic of intangible attributes - the carriers of non-production functions of rural areas for the international, federal, regional and local levels - was given. The objects of specially protected natural areas and objects of cultural heritage are considered in accordance with their level of importance. The sequence of forming the consumer spaces in rural areas has been established in the direction from defining a geographical image through creating an image to developing a brand.

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