Uncertainty Revisited: People and Information in a World of Unknowns

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad M. Kamal ◽  
Jacquelyn Burkell
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
New Framework

Psychological uncertainty is established in LIS models, but epistemic and aleatory uncertainties remain absent. We critically review the concept of uncertainty in LIS and beyond. Presenting a new framework on uncertainty for LIS, we suggest new approaches to more fully address the uncertain world we and our subjects inhabit.L’incertitude psychologique est un modèle établi en science de l’information, mais l’incertitude épistémique et l’incertitude aléatoire demeurent absentes. La communication propose une revue critique du concept d’incertitude en science de l’information et dans d’autres disciplines. En présentant un nouveau cadre conceptuel relatif à l’incertitude en science de l’information, nous suggérons de nouvelles approches pour mieux aborder le monde incertain dans lequel nous et nos sujets habitons. ***Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

Studying the Use of Public Spaces in the Library

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine May
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Public Places ◽  
The Public ◽  
Observational Technique ◽  
Mental Mapping ◽  
Mapping Observation

Methods for studying the public places of libraries, including mental mapping, observation and patron mapping are reviewed. Reflections on the experience of adapting an observational technique for use in multiple different library spaces are shared. Sont passées en revue les méthodes pour étudier la place publique des bibliothèques, y compris les représentations mentales, l’observation et la catégorisation des usagers. L’auteure partage ses réflexions sur l’expérience d’adapter une technique d’observation à différents espaces de bibliothèque. ***Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

Toward a Unifying Ontology for Human-Information Interaction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jank
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Award Winner ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
Information Studies ◽  
Research Agendas

Research agendas in human-information interaction (HII) are varied and divergent. The interdisciplinary lens of information studies offers a convergent view of HII scholarship. The purpose of this paper is to taxonomically document the divergent scholarship in human-information interaction, and construct a unifying ontology of HII discourse, using bibliometric techniques.Les programmes de recherche en matière d'interaction homme-information sont variés et divergents. L'interdisciplinarité des sciences de l'information offre toutefois un portrait convergent de la mission professorale en matière d'interaction homme-information. L'objectif de la recherche est de documenter du point de vue taxinomique les divergences de la mission d'enseignement de l'interaction homme-information et de construire une ontologie unifiée du discours au moyen de techniques bibliométriques.***Student to CAIS/ACSI Award Winner******Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

Innovation in Public and Academic North American Libraries, in Words and Deeds

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Rubin ◽  
Patrick T. Gavin ◽  
Ahmad M. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Canadian Journal ◽  
North American ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Website Features

Being innovative is a popular but ambiguous maxim in LIS. To elucidate how institutions use, and what they mean by the concept, we examine white literature and survey website features of 160 libraries across US and Canada. We identify patterns in the language and ethos of modern innovative librarianship.Être novateur est une maxime populaire bien qu’ambigüe en science de l’information. Pour mieux comprendre comment les institutions l’utilisent et quelle est la signification du concept, nous avons analysé les documents officiels et le contenu des sites Web de 160 bibliothèques aux États-Unis et au Canada. Sont identifiés des modèles d’utilisation langagière et l’ethos de la bibliothéconomie moderne novatrice. ***Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

Subject Guides in Academic Libraries: A User-centered Study of Uses and Perceptions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Ouellette
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
The Way ◽  
User Centered

This paper reports on the results of an ongoing user-centered research project investigating student use and perception of subject guides in academic libraries. Preliminary results suggest that although students rarely use subject guides, they might if subject guides were specifically optimized for the way students actually use them.Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude en cours sur l’utilisation des guides thématiques par les étudiants et les perceptions qu’ils en ont, dans les bibliothèques universitaires. Les résultats préliminaires suggèrent que malgré une utilisation plutôt rare, les étudiants les utiliseraient davantage si les guides thématiques étaient adaptés à l’utilisation réelle qu’ils en font. ***Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

Search Patterns on a Children’s Portal

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamshid Beheshti ◽  
Andrew Large ◽  
Marni Tam
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Search Patterns ◽  
Subject Directory ◽  
Pour Cent

More than two years of transaction logs on a children’s portal are analyzed to investigate search patterns, when the users are presented with four search options. The results show that the hierarchical subject directory and alphabetic search options accounted for 83 percent of all the searches, indicating users’ preference for browsing rather than keyword searching.Cette communication porte sur l'analyse de deux ans de journaux de transactions d'un portail pour enfants afin de dégager les méthodes de recherche des utilisateurs lorsqu'ils font face à quatre options de recherche. Les résultats démontrent que le répertoire thématique hiérarchique et les options de recherche alphabétiques représentent 83 pour cent de toutes les recherches, indiquant une préférence pour le furetage plutôt que la recherche par mots clés.***Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

Exploring the Settlement Experiences and Information Practices of Afghan Newcomer Youth in Toronto

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Quirke
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Award Winner ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Refugee Youth ◽  
Information Practices ◽  
Immigrant And Refugee

This study examines the settlement experiences and information practices of recently-arrived Afghan immigrant and refugee youth in Toronto. As part of this ethnographic study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven Afghan youth between the ages of 18 and 28 who had lived in Canada for less than 10 years.Cette étude examine l’expérience d’emménagement et les pratiques informationnelles de jeunes immigrants et réfugiés afghans nouvellement établis à Toronto. Dans le cadre de cette étude ethnographique, des entrevues semi-structurées ont été effectuées auprès de sept jeunes afghans de 18 à 28 ans, établis au Canada depuis moins de 10 ans. ***Student to CAIS/ACSI Award Winner******Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

scholarly journals Ontario Public Libraries, Accessibility, and Justice: A Capability Approach

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Hill
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Personnes Handicapées

As public libraries are often considered levellers for the community, how are they addressing the needs of persons with disabilities in Ontario? This presentation details research on accessibility to persons with disabilities in Ontario public libraries through a capability perspective in light of the Access for Ontarians with Disabilities Act.Les bibliothèques publiques servent souvent d’indicateur communautaire. Comment répondent-elles donc aux besoins des personnes handicapées en Ontario? Cette communication présente une recherche sur l’accessibilité dans les bibliothèques publiques de la province dans l’optique de la capacité en vertu de la Loi sur l'accessibilité pour les personnes handicapées de l'Ontario. ***Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***

Representations and representational specificity in speech perception and spoken word recognition

2007 ◽  
pp. 2-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Pisoni ◽  
Susannah V. Levi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Learning And Adaptation ◽  
New Framework

This article examines how new approaches—coupled with previous insights—provide a new framework for questions that deal with the nature of phonological and lexical knowledge and representation, processing of stimulus variability, and perceptual learning and adaptation. First, it outlines the traditional view of speech perception and identifies some problems with assuming such a view, in which only abstract representations exist. The article then discusses some new approaches to speech perception that retain detailed information in the representations. It also considers a view which rejects abstraction altogether, but shows that such a view has difficulty dealing with a range of linguistic phenomena. After providing a brief discussion of some new directions in linguistics that encode both detailed information and abstraction, the article concludes by discussing the coupling of speech perception and spoken word recognition.

scholarly journals The National Institute on Aging Health Disparities Research Framework

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl V. Hill, PhD, MPH ◽  
Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable, MD ◽  
Norman A. Anderson, PhD ◽  
Marie A. Bernard, MD
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Scientific Rigor ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Causal Pathways ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Aging Health ◽  
New Framework

<p><strong>Objective</strong>: Development of a new framework for the National Institute on Aging (NIA) to assess progress and opportunities toward stimulating and supporting rigorous research to address health disparities.</p><p><strong>Design:</strong> Portfolio review of NIA’s health disparities research portfolio to evaluate NIA’s progress in addressing priority health<br />disparities areas.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The NIA Health DisparitiesResearch Framework highlights important factors for health disparities research related to aging, provides an organizing structure for tracking progress, stimulates opportunities to better delineate causal pathways and broadens the scope for malleable targets for intervention, aiding in our efforts to address health disparities in the aging population.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The promise of health disparitiesresearch depends largely on scientific rigor that builds on past findings and aggressively pursues new approaches. The NIA Health Disparities Framework provides a landscape for stimulating interdisciplinary<br />approaches, evaluating research productivity and identifying opportunities for innovative health disparities research related to<br />aging. <em>Ethn Dis.</em> 2015;25(3):245-254.</p>

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