Bioanalytical systems based on cholinesterases for detection of organophosphates

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Arkadiy Eremenko ◽  
Il'ya Kurochkin ◽  
Nataliya Nechaeva
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electrochemical Detector ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Irreversible Inhibitors

Various types of electrochemical sensors based on the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) have been presented for the analysis of organophosphates (OPC). A special design of thick film sensors and electrochemical detector for cholinesterases assay and their inhibitors in aqueous samples has been developed. For this assay, thiol sensitive sensors based on screen printed graphite electrode modified with nanoparticles of manganese dioxide were used. High sensitivity of manganese dioxide modified thick film sensors towards thiocholine and therefore low detection limit of BChE (1 pM) enabled their use for subnanomolar detection of an organophosphate pesticide diazinon, and other irreversible inhibitors of BChE. This work also presents modern innovative approach for the analysis of BChE by Raman spectroscopy. New SERS-substrates based on silver paste for sensitive quantification of BChE activity were obtained, characterized and applied to thiocholine detection, with LOD (TCh) being 260 nM. Real samples of human plasma were analyzed; a good correlation between spectrophotometric detection and Raman detection was shown. The developed technique is inexpensive and easy-to-use and has promising potential for analysis of OPC.

Bioanalytical systems based on cholinesterases for detection of organophosphates

2020 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Arkadiy Eremenko ◽  
Il'ya Kurochkin ◽  
Nataliya Nechaeva
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electrochemical Detector ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Irreversible Inhibitors

Various types of electrochemical sensors based on the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) have been presented for the analysis of organophosphates (OPC). A special design of thick film sensors and electrochemical detector for cholinesterases assay and their inhibitors in aqueous samples has been developed. For this assay, thiol sensitive sensors based on screen printed graphite electrode modified with nanoparticles of manganese dioxide were used. High sensitivity of manganese dioxide modified thick film sensors towards thiocholine and therefore low detection limit of BChE (1 pM) enabled their use for subnanomolar detection of an organophosphate pesticide diazinon, and other irreversible inhibitors of BChE. This work also presents modern innovative approach for the analysis of BChE by Raman spectroscopy. New SERS-substrates based on silver paste for sensitive quantification of BChE activity were obtained, characterized and applied to thiocholine detection, with LOD (TCh) being 260 nM. Real samples of human plasma were analyzed; a good correlation between spectrophotometric detection and Raman detection was shown. The developed technique is inexpensive and easy-to-use and has promising potential for analysis of OPC.

scholarly journals Label-Free Split Aptamer Sensor for Femtomolar Detection of Dopamine by Means of Flexible Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanying Liang ◽  
Ting Guo ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Andreas Offenhäusser ◽  
Dirk Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Dopamine Detection ◽  
Electrochemical Transistor ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity

The detection of chemical messenger molecules, such as neurotransmitters in nervous systems, demands high sensitivity to measure small variations, selectivity to eliminate interferences from analogues, and compliant devices to be minimally invasive to soft tissue. Here, an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) embedded in a flexible polyimide substrate is utilized as transducer to realize a highly sensitive dopamine aptasensor. A split aptamer is tethered to a gold gate electrode and the analyte binding can be detected optionally either via an amperometric or a potentiometric transducer principle. The amperometric sensor can detect dopamine with a limit of detection of 1 μM, while the novel flexible OECT-based biosensor exhibits an ultralow detection limit down to the concentration of 0.5 fM, which is lower than all previously reported electrochemical sensors for dopamine detection. The low detection limit can be attributed to the intrinsic amplification properties of OECTs. Furthermore, a significant response to dopamine inputs among interfering analogues hallmarks the selective detection capabilities of this sensor. The high sensitivity and selectivity, as well as the flexible properties of the OECT-based aptasensor, are promising features for their integration in neuronal probes for the in vitro or in vivo detection of neurochemical signals.

Graphene Nanostructures as Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-196
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Electrochemically Active ◽  
Increasing Demand

The increasing demand for the development of highly selective and sensitive nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of glucose in pharmaceutical, clinical and industrial sectors has gained enormous attention towards the use of graphene and its derivatives. This chapter describes the efficient development of electrochemically active nonenzymatic glucose sensors using graphene and its composites, achieving high sensitivity, stability, low detection limit, wide linear range and reproducibility.

Preyssler-type polyoxometalate-based crystalline materials for the electrochemical detection of H2O2

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
HaoTian Zhu ◽  
WenSi Tang ◽  
YuanYuan Ma ◽  
YongHui Wang ◽  
HuaQiao Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Low Detection Limit

Four Preyssler-type polyoxometalate-based organic–inorganic hybrid materials were synthesized as non-enzymatic H2O2 electrochemical sensors, with high sensitivity and low detection limit.

scholarly journals Mussel-Inspired Fabrication of SERS Swabs for Highly Sensitive and Conformal Rapid Detection of Thiram Bactericides

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Tiantian Si ◽  
Lingzi Zhang ◽  
Zhiliang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Nile Blue ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering

As an important sort of dithiocarbamate bactericide, thiram has been widely used for fruits, vegetables and mature crops to control various fungal diseases; however, the thiram residues in the environment pose a serious threat to human health. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were grown in-situ on cotton swab (CS) surfaces, based on the mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) molecule and designed as highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) swabs for the conformal rapid detection of bactericide residues. With this strategy, the obtained CS@PDA@AgNPs swabs demonstrated highly sensitive and reproducible Raman signals toward Nile blue A (NBA) probe molecules, and the detection limit was as low as 1.0 × 10−10 M. More critically, these CS@PDA@AgNPs swabs could be served as flexible SERS substrates for the conformal rapid detection of thiram bactericides from various fruit surfaces through a simple swabbing approach. The results showed that the detection limit of thiram residues from pear, grape and peach surfaces was approximately down to the level of 0.12 ng/cm2, 0.24 ng/cm2 and 0.15 ng/cm2 respectively, demonstrating a high sensitivity and excellent reliability toward dithiocarbamate bactericides. Not only could these SERS swabs significantly promote the collection efficiency of thiram residues from irregular shaped matrices, but they could also greatly enhance the analytical sensitivity and reliability, and would have great potential for the on-site detection of residual bactericides in the environment and in bioscience fields.

Nanomaterial LaNiTiO3-Fe3O4-based peroxidase biomimetic sensor with high sensitivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Xu ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Qiao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
H2o2 Concentration ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biomimetic Sensor

Background: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is widely present in various fields. And H2O2 plays quintessential role in variety of biomolecular processes. H2O2 concentration level is an essential biological parameter in monitoring and maintaining the physiological balance of a living cell, and its variation will cause some related diseases. Therefore, it is extremely significant to fabricate biosensor with low cost which can quickly, accurately and sensitively detect H2O2 in a wide range. The aims of this paper are to explore a novel electrochemical sensor with high intrinsic peroxidase-like activity, high sensitivity and stability to detect effectively H2O2 concentration in real samples. Methods: The chemical modified electrode LaNiTiO3-Fe3O4/GCE is fabricated based on nanomaterial LaNiTiO3-Fe3O4 by simply process, and its electrochemical properties are investigated in the supporting electrolyte of 0.1 M NaOH by the techniques of cyclic voltammetry and current-time curves on an electrochemical workstation with a conventional threeelectrode system. Results: LaNiTiO3-Fe3O4 nanoparticles show good peroxidase-like activity for H2O2 at a low applied potential of +0.50 V. Under the optimum conditions, the peroxidase biomimetic sensor LaNiTiO3-Fe3O4/GCE exhibits a wide linear response for H2O2 oxidation in the range of 0.05 μM - 3.0 mM (R = 0.9994) with a high sensitivity of 3946.2 μA∙mM1 ∙cm-2 and fast response time of 2 s, and the detection limit of H2O2 is found to be ca. 5.15 nM (S/N = 3). Moreover, the biosensor presents a good repeatability, stability and anti-interference. Satisfactory results were obtained when the sensor LaNiTiO3-Fe3O4/GCE is applied to determine H2O2 in real samples. All of these results provide support to practical application. Conclusion: A highly sensitive peroxidase biomimetic sensor based on LaNiTiO3-Fe3O4 with nano-scaled material is successfully explored, and shows good activity for H2O2. The proposed biosensor with simple and low cost has exhibited excellent advantages of quick response, wide linear range, low detection limit, high sensitivity, long-term stability and good anti-interference ability, which provides promising applications.

Metallic carbide nanoparticles as stable and reusable substrates for sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (77) ◽  
pp. 10843-10846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Bai ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Wencai Yi ◽  
Xinshi Li ◽  
Junfeng Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Effect ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Reduction ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Magnesium Thermal Reduction

Carbide SERS substrates: nearly monodispersed TaC nanoparticles with a strong plasma resonance effect are synthesized via a magnesium thermal reduction process. As non-noble metal SERS substrates, they offer high sensitivity, outstanding stability, and excellent recyclability.

scholarly journals MoS2 Nanodonuts for High-Sensitivity Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Samar Ali Ghopry ◽  
Seyed M. Sadeghi ◽  
Cindy L. Berrie ◽  
Judy Z. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Nanostructures ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Nanohybrids of graphene and two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) nanostructures can provide a promising substrate for extraordinary surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) due to the combined electromagnetic enhancement on TMD nanostructures via localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) and chemical enhancement on graphene. In these nanohybrid SERS substrates, the LSPR on TMD nanostructures is affected by the TMD morphology. Herein, we report the first successful growth of MoS2 nanodonuts (N-donuts) on graphene using a vapor transport process on graphene. Using Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a probe, SERS spectra were compared on MoS2 N-donuts/graphene nanohybrids substrates. A remarkably high R6G SERS sensitivity up to 2 × 10−12 M has been obtained, which can be attributed to the more robust LSPR effect than in other TMD nanostructures such as nanodiscs as suggested by the finite-difference time-domain simulation. This result demonstrates that non-metallic TMD/graphene nanohybrids substrates can have SERS sensitivity up to one order of magnitude higher than that reported on the plasmonic metal nanostructures/2D materials SERS substrates, providing a promising scheme for high-sensitivity, low-cost applications for biosensing.

scholarly journals Analysis of Biomolecules Based on the Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jia ◽  
Shenmiao Li ◽  
Liguo Zang ◽  
Xiaonan Lu ◽  
Hongyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Sers Detection ◽  
New Ideas

Analyzing biomolecules is essential for disease diagnostics, food safety inspection, environmental monitoring and pharmaceutical development. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful tool for detecting biomolecules due to its high sensitivity, rapidness and specificity in identifying molecular structures. This review focuses on the SERS analysis of biomolecules originated from humans, animals, plants and microorganisms, combined with nanomaterials as SERS substrates and nanotags. Recent advances in SERS detection of target molecules were summarized with different detection strategies including label-free and label-mediated types. This comprehensive and critical summary of SERS analysis of biomolecules might help researchers from different scientific backgrounds spark new ideas and proposals.

scholarly journals Overview of Popular Techniques of Raman Spectroscopy and Their Potential in the Study of Plant Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
Aneta Saletnik ◽  
Bogdan Saletnik ◽  
Czesław Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Identification Technique

Raman spectroscopy is one of the main analytical techniques used in optical metrology. It is a vibration, marker-free technique that provides insight into the structure and composition of tissues and cells at the molecular level. Raman spectroscopy is an outstanding material identification technique. It provides spatial information of vibrations from complex biological samples which renders it a very accurate tool for the analysis of highly complex plant tissues. Raman spectra can be used as a fingerprint tool for a very wide range of compounds. Raman spectroscopy enables all the polymers that build the cell walls of plants to be tracked simultaneously; it facilitates the analysis of both the molecular composition and the molecular structure of cell walls. Due to its high sensitivity to even minute structural changes, this method is used for comparative tests. The introduction of new and improved Raman techniques by scientists as well as the constant technological development of the apparatus has resulted in an increased importance of Raman spectroscopy in the discovery and defining of tissues and the processes taking place in them.

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