»Schöpferische Zerstörung« Über ein Philosophem deutscher Intellektueller im Kulturkrieg

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
Michael Großheim
Keyword(s):  
Public Debate ◽  
Henri Bergson ◽  
Culture War ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
Georg Misch ◽  
Alfred Döblin

Georg Simmel is among the intellectuals taking part in the German side of the »Culture War«, parallel to the war 1914–1918. This article discusses three different meanings of »Culture War«: 1. »Culture War« as war about culture, 2. »Culture War« as war by means of culture, 3. »Culture War« as aggravated proceeding of criticism of culture. Among the motives of the »Culture War« is the reproach of »barbarism« made by Henri Bergson against the German side originating from a public debate after the destruction of the Cathedral of Reims. In the reactions of German intellectuals (alongside Georg Simmel were Alfred Döblin, Friedrich Gundolf, Max Scheler and Georg Misch) a reinterpretation of the concept of culture is apparent, inspired by philosophy of life and leading to a peculiar »ethic of the creative power of culture«. Simmel’s examination of the generic case of the Cathedral of Reims conclusively serves as prototype of a criticism of this approach: German intellectuals confuse metaphors stemming from the sphere of nature with those of culture without reflection, thus obliterating essential differences between those spheres.

scholarly journals Georg Simmel, Stefan George und der Erste Weltkrieg

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (53) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Gerd Hammer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Martin Buber ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Ernst Bloch ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Stefan George ◽  
Pace Of Life ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Great War

Initially, the Great War was received euphorically by many writers and philosophers, including Max Weber, Martin Buber and Max Scheler along with Georg Simmel. For Simmel, the war was synonimous with a greater pace of life, a form of dealing with / overcoming the levelling of society caused by the worshipping of money (´Mammonismus`). This exaltation of the war on the part of intellectuals was not common to all – the harsh criticisms of Simmel´s enthusiasm for the war on the part of Georg Lucácz and Ernst Bloch are well-known. Regarding Stefan George, in 1901 Simmel had written: ´His art has been known since its beginning for the wish to act exclusively like an art (...) the fundamental change is complete: that on the contrary, all content is merely the means for forming values that are purely aesthetics.` Therefore, in the aesthetic of Stefan George, Simmel acknowledges the reason that George will reject the war – contrary to many members of George´s circle (George-Kreis) and has its expression in the poem ´The War`, first published in 1917. This contribution seeks to demonstrate the philosophical and aesthetical reasons for enthusiasm for the war and its rejection by Simmel and George, attitudes that are not able to be explained by the opposition to militarism/pacifism that is normally deployed to distinguish between supporters and critics of the war.

scholarly journals Todellinen elämä: Bergson ja koettu luonto

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Jan-Ivar Lindén
Keyword(s):  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
William James ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Wilhelm Dilthey

Bergsonin elämänfilosofia liittyy laajaan suuntaukseen, joka syntyi biologian mullistuksien myötä 1800-luvun loppupuolella (Friedrich Nietzsche, Wilhelm Dilthey, Menyhert Palágyi, Ludwig Klages, Max Scheler, Georg Simmel, William James...). Sikäli kuin naturalismi tulkitaan tämän päivän keskustelussa usein yksipuolisesti materialismiksi, elämänfilosofia voi antaa toisen kiinnostavan näkökulman ihmisen asemaan luonnossa. Suuntaus on tässä suhteessa vahvasti vaikuttanut fenomenologisiin teorioihin subjektin ruumiillisuudesta ja yleensäkin embodiment-käsitteeseen. Artikkelin tarkoitus on valaista filosofisen psykologian ja luonnonfilosofian suhdetta Bergsonin tuotannossa, temaattisesti syventää tätä suhdetta sekä historiallisesti ja ontologisesti taustoittaa Bergsonin filosofiaa, muun muassa suhteessa hänen edeltäjänsä Félix Ravaissonin aristotelismiin.

ART AND LIFE IN AVANT-GARDE PRAGUE, 1920–1924

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-92
Author(s):  
THOMAS ORT
Keyword(s):  
Central Problem ◽  
Henri Bergson ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Individual Life ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Karel Capek ◽  
Unique Interpretation ◽  
Prospect Of Success

This essay outlines the unique interpretation of the avant-garde formulated in the early 1920s by the Czech novelist, playwright, and cultural critic Karel Čapek (1890–1938). Whereas inTheory of the Avant-Garde(1974) Peter Bürger argued that the central problem of the avant-garde was its failure to effect a genuine reconciliation of art and life, Čapek, in contrast, worried about the prospect of success. Closely observing the practices of the Czech avant-garde group Devětsil, Čapek interpreted its attempt to fuse art and life in terms derived largely from the French vitalist philosopher Henri Bergson (1859–1941) as an effort to free life from all constraints and bonds. Drawing on the work of Georg Simmel (1858–1918), he argued that the goal of living life “in itself,” without any constraints, was impossible. All life, he said, must necessarily be embodied in form and so less than completely free. Life conceived as a state of pure freedom, unbounded by any material or physical limits, amounted to the devaluation of individual life. The problem with the project of the avant-garde was that it was unethical.

scholarly journals El problema formas/vida y el estructuralismo vitalista de Jakob von Uexküll

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-116
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Henri Bergson ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Jakob Von Uexküll ◽  
Von Uexküll ◽  
Siglo Xx

El artículo analiza el sentido histórico-conceptual que asume la teoría de Jacob von Uexküll sobre el fondo del problema formas/vida que se despliega en la filosofía continental de principios del siglo XX. Para ello, en primer lugar, reconstruye la configuración epistemológica que presenta el pensamiento biológico entre 1890-1920, e introduce las tesis neovitalistas de Hans Driesch. En segundo lugar, analiza la emergencia de las metafísicas vitalistas de Henri Bergson y de Georg Simmel, y plantea el problema de la contradicción entre las formas y la vida. Por último, y sobre la base de dichos desarrollos, defiende la tesis según la cual la obra de Uexküll moviliza un estructuralismo vitalista para el cual “Vida igual a Forma”.

Existentialist thought in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Bertelloni
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
General View ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Jose Ortega Y Gasset ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
American Philosophy ◽  
Nicolai Hartmann ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology

In Latin America the thought and teaching of José Ortega y Gasset have been very influential. Their influence leaves an important mark on the substance of existentialism. The most effective aspect of Ortega y Gasset’s philosophical conception was his thesis that humans do not have a nature, only a history. It is this concept that encouraged Latin American thinkers to create their own original thought as a product of their concrete historical circumstances. This entry will deal with Latin American existence, unique in its historical concreteness, and from this general view will attempt to construct a metaphysical theory of Latin America’s historical endeavour. Given that all historicist conception involves values that are objective in nature, it is not surprising that Latin American existentialism was profoundly influenced by Max Scheler and Nicolai Hartmann, together with the existential analysis of Martin Heidegger. Consequently, in opposition to the phenomenologists with a Husserlian orientation, implicit in Latin American existentialism, there is a phenomenological methodology in the interpretation of history as culture in accordance with the analysis of the dialectics of the structure of history. This opposes all possible perceptions of pure essences which might precede existence. The essence of existence is seen as progressive, constructing itself as it is bypassed by historical events. Both in terms of the search for an original philosophy, which could be reduced to a philosophy of history (for example in the Orteguian philosophy of life) and in terms of a Heideggerian approach, Latin American philosophy applies a phenomenological method in its analysis. This would explain the fusion of phenomenology and existentialism in the works of Latin American philosophers. All Latin American phenomenological-existentialist philosophical effort is a struggle between the analysis and interpretation of the European currents and their search for the historical realization of the autonomous Latin American being.

Autobiographie und Geschichte: Wilhelm Dilthey, Georg Misch, Karl Löwith, Gottfried Benn, Alfred Döblin

1997 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Paul Michael Lützeler ◽  
Wilhelm Dilthey ◽  
Georg Misch ◽  
Karl Löwith ◽  
Gottfried Benn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wilhelm Dilthey ◽  
Gottfried Benn ◽  
Georg Misch ◽  
Alfred Döblin

scholarly journals The Absolute and the Relative in Lukács and Simmel

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 79-102
Author(s):  
Daniel Andrés López
Keyword(s):  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
The Absolute

This chapter builds on the author’s earlier Hegelian critique of Lukács’s philosophy of praxis by construing a conceptual dialogue between Lukács and his one-time mentor, Georg Simmel. It is argued that Lukács’s philosophy in the 1920s was partially formed as a metacritique of Simmel’s absolute relativism, as expressed in "The Philosophy of Money". However, Lukács’s alternative generates a conceptual mythology that can be diagnosed in Simmelian terms and sublated by the philosophy of life outlined in "The View of Life". By situating it in the present, this may de-reify Lukács’s concept of praxis, allowing it to satisfy its ethical and rational duty.

Eugène Minkowski

2018 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Annick Urfer-Parnas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Work ◽  
Henri Bergson ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
Basic Mode ◽  
The World ◽  
Phenomenological Psychiatry

This chapter discusses the psychopathological ideas of Eugène Minkowski, a French psychiatrist of Jewish Polish origin who is regarded as a dominant figure in phenomenological psychiatry due to his translation of theoretical and abstract philosophical notions into ordinary clinical work. After a brief biography, the chapter considers Minkowski’s psychopathological orientation, citing some of the influential figures in his life and work including Henri Bergson and Max Scheler. It then examines Minkowski’s notion of schizophrenia and what he refers to as vital contact with reality, which he describes as a basic mode of human presence in the world. It also looks at two forms of autism proposed by Minkowski, along with one of his most original concepts known as trouble générateur, or generative (generating) disorder. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the contemporary relevance of Minkowski’s ideas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document