Effects of processing treated corn stover and distillers' grains on performance and total tract digestion of finishing cattle1

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 3933-3946 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Gramkow ◽  
C. J. Bittner ◽  
M. L. Jolly-Breithaupt ◽  
D. B. Burken ◽  
G. E. Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Distillers Grains

scholarly journals Simulation of Corn Stover and Distillers Grains Gasification with Aspen Plus

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1989-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kumar ◽  
H. Noureddini ◽  
Y. Demirel ◽  
D. D. Jones ◽  
M. A. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Distillers Grains

Effects of feeding processed corn stover and distillers grains on growth performance and metabolism of beef cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 4002-4011 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Chapple ◽  
M. J. Cecava ◽  
D. B. Faulkner ◽  
T. L. Felix
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Distillers Grains

Characterizing Corn and Cattle Manure Derived Biochars Relevant to Their Use as Soil Additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1335-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md S. Borhan ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Niloy Chandra Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Beef Feedlot Manure

Abstract. Biomass-derived biochars have shown potential for improving soil properties as a whole that are conducive to plant growth with reduced environmental pollution. Four types of biomass, namely, corn stover (CS), dried distillers’ grains and solubles (DDGS), dairy manure (DM), and beef feedlot manure (BFM), were transformed to biochar through pyrolysis at 400°C with 1, 2, or 3 h residence time. The biochars were characterized by proximate analysis (volatile matter (VM), ash, and fixed carbon (FC)), ultimate analysis (total carbon (TC), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O)), and thermogravimetric analysis (pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and bulk density (BD)). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDXS), and Fourier transform infrared radiation (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to categorize pore size, functional groups, and mineralogical properties related to potential use in environmental remediation. The highest heating value (HV) was measured with CS (28 to 29 MJ kg-1), and the lowest HV was measured with BFM (~5 MJ kg-1). The greatest organic carbon (OC) content was obtained with CS (68%), followed by DDGS (63%), DM (44%), and BFM (15.4%) biochars. The SEM images showed the macrocellular morphology of the original shape of the biomass particles, which consisted mainly of aggregate microspheres 2 to 10 µm in size. The surface functional groups of all four biochars were dominated by hydroxyl, methyl, methylene, aromatic carbonyl/carboxylic, and alkene groups. The CS and DDGS biochars showed higher TC (76%), FC (61%), OC (67%), water holding capacity, and mineral contents and outperformed the DM and BFM biochars as the best soil amendments. Keywords: Beef feedlot manure, Corn stover, Dairy manure, Dried distillers’ grains and solubles.

Growth performance and nutritional profile of mealworms reared on corn stover, soybean meal, and distillers’ grains

2019 ◽  
Vol 245 (12) ◽  
pp. 2631-2640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Huaijian Tang ◽  
Gaowei Chen ◽  
Linran Qiao ◽  
Jinlong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Nutritional Profile

scholarly journals Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A Lancaster ◽  
Chris R Muegge ◽  
Jose R R Carvalho ◽  
Rodrigo C Lopes ◽  
Rafael S Narumiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Total N ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soybean hulls (SBH) and/or calcium oxide (CaO) on rumen pH, digestibility, and performance of steers fed diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In experiment 1, Angus × Simmental steers (n = 112, body weight [BW] = 364 ± 7.8 kg) were allotted to 1 of 4 diets arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial and placed in 16 pens (7 steers/pen, 4 pens/treatment, and 28 steers/treatment). Factors were SBH (0% or 30% of diet dry matter [DM]) and CaO (0% or 1%) inclusion. Basal diets contained 20% corn stover, 30% DDGS, and 4% supplement. Diets with SBH contained 14.1% or 15.0% corn and diets without SBH contained 43.9% or 44.8% corn. In experiment two, four steers (BW = 510 ± 9.8 kg) were allotted to a 4 × 4 Latin square (21 d periods) to determine the effects of CaO and SBH on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), nutrient digestibility, and digestion kinetics. Statistical analyses were conducted using the MIXED procedure of SAS. In experiment 1, BW did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.46). Overall carcass-adjusted gain did not differ due to SBH or CaO inclusion (P ≥ 0.13); however, there was an interaction (P = 0.01) where CaO improved gain in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Steers fed SBH consumed more DM than steers not fed SBH (P = 0.02) and an interaction tended to occur (P = 0.06) where CaO increased dry matter intake in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Calcium oxide increased hot carcass weight and yield grade (interaction; P ≤ 0.04) and tended to increase fat thickness (interaction; P = 0.08) in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area, % kidney, pelvic, heart fat, and marbling score did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.14). Total VFA concentrations were greater with SBH inclusion and with CaO addition (P < 0.01). Digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was greater with CaO addition (P ≤ 0.04) and NDF and ADF digestibility were greater with SBH inclusion (P < 0.001). Inclusion of SBH did not affect (P ≥ 0.26) rate of digestion (kd) or passage (kp). Addition of CaO tended to increase mean retention time (P = 0.09). An interaction between SBH inclusion and CaO addition occurred for kd (P = 0.01), where CaO increased kd in steers fed SBH, but decreased kd when steers were fed no SBH. Total N excretion tended to be lower with SBH inclusion and CaO addition (P = 0.07). In conclusion, CaO enhances performance of cattle fed corn, DDGS, and corn stover diets, but not when corn is partially replaced by a fiber-based energy feed.

scholarly journals Alkali addition and roughage inclusion effect on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers fed diets containing 60% dried distillers grains with solubles

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1296-1314
Author(s):  
Nicholas A Lancaster ◽  
Chris R Muegge ◽  
Jose R Reis de Carvalho ◽  
Rodrigo Cistolo Lopes ◽  
Rafael S Narumiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Alkali Addition

Abstract Three experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) addition and roughage inclusion on digestibility, performance, and carcass characteristics of steers fed 60% dried distillers grains with solubles (DGS). Statistical analyses for studies were conducted using the MIXED procedures of SAS. In experiment 1, 48 steers (353.5 ± 7.55 kg) were allotted to individual pens and fed 1 of 3 diets (dry matter [DM] basis) containing 60% dried DGS, 20% corn silage, and 4% supplement with: 1) 14.5% corn and no Ca(OH)2; 2) 14% corn and 2% Ca(OH)2; and 3) 14.5% additional corn silage and no Ca(OH)2. Steers fed Ca(OH)2 consumed the least (P = 0.03) and steers fed added corn silage consumed the most and had the least gain:feed (P = 0.02). Gain and carcass quality were not affected by treatment (P ≥ 0.48). In experiment 2, 112 steers (375.3 ± 19.25 kg) were allotted to pens (four pens per treatment; seven steers per pen) arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial (roughage × Ca(OH)2) and fed one of four diets (DM basis) containing 60% dried DGS, 17% corn silage, and 4% supplement with: 1) 17.5% corn silage and no Ca(OH)2; 2) 17% corn silage and 2% Ca(OH)2; 3) 17.25% corn stover and no Ca(OH)2; and 4) 17% corn stover and 2% Ca(OH)2. Added stover decreased average daily gain (ADG) compared to added corn silage (P = 0.04). Ca(OH)2 increased ADG when steers were fed stover, but not when steers were fed only corn silage (P = 0.05; interaction). In experiment 3, six ruminally cannulated steers (initial body weight = 352 ± 14.8 kg) were randomly allotted to a 6 × 6 Latin square design to determine the effects of roughage inclusion (corn, corn silage, stover) and Ca(OH)2 addition (0% or 2%) on ruminal characteristics. Feeding stover decreased total volatile fatty acid(s) (VFA) concentration and DM digestibility compared to corn silage or corn (P < 0.01), whereas Ca(OH)2 resulted in greater total VFA concentrations and DM digestibility (P ≤ 0.02). Stover increased rate of DM degradation (Kd) and rate of particle outflow from the rumen (P ≤ 0.04) but decreased extent of DM digestion and mean retention time (P ≤ 0.02) compared to corn or silage. Ca(OH)2 increased Kd (P < 0.01) and tended to increase (P = 0.06) liquid passage rate. In conclusion, added roughage did not improve performance of cattle fed 60% dried DGS. Ca(OH)2 may decrease intake and maintain performance of cattle fed 60% dried DGS with corn silage as the roughage source and increases ADG when corn stover replaces a portion of the corn silage.

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