Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles, high-protein distillers dried grains, and corn germ to growing-finishing pigs on pig performance, carcass quality, and the palatability of pork1

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 1819-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Widmer ◽  
L. M. McGinnis ◽  
D. M. Wulf ◽  
H. H. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Corn Germ ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Pig Performance

scholarly journals PSVI-20 Evaluating the productive energy content of high-protein distillers dried grains in swine diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 211-212
Author(s):  
Henrique S Cemin ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Caloric Efficiency ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract A total of 300 pigs (DNA 400×200; initially 11.1 kg) were used in a 21-d trial to determine the effects of increasing levels of high-protein distillers dried grains (HP DDG) on pig performance and to estimate the productive energy of HP DDG. Pens with 5 pigs each were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with 12 replicates per treatment. Treatments included diets with 0, 10, 20, 30, or 40% HP DDG formulated by changing corn and feed-grade amino acid levels. Caloric efficiency was obtained by multiplying ADFI by dietary net energy (NE) and dividing by ADG. The NE of HP DDG was estimated at 1,914 kcal/kg by using Noblet et al. (1994) equation and NRC (2012) values were used for corn. Productive energy was estimated based the average caloric efficiency of the HP DDG diets relative to the diet without HP DDG. Data were analyzed with the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with pen as the experimental unit and block as random effect. Pigs fed diets with increasing HP DDG had a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in ADG and ADFI and a tendency (P = 0.051) for a quadratic response in G:F. There was a linear improvement (P < 0.01) in caloric efficiency with increasing HP DDG (3,876, 3,753, 3,676, 3,520, and 3,300 kcal/kg, respectively). The productive energy of HP DDG was estimated as 2,686 kcal/kg or 97.3% of corn NE. In summary, high levels of HP DDG negatively impacted growth performance. The equation used to estimate NE of HP DDG resulted in underestimated values. The productive energy of HP DDG is approximately 97% of corn NE.

scholarly journals Effects of distillers dried grains with solubles on amino acid digestibility, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of growing pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-653
Author(s):  
Shelby M Curry ◽  
Laia Blavi ◽  
Julian Wiseman ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to compare the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA by growing pigs in European distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) produced from wheat, maize, or wheat–maize mixtures and to test the effect of increasing the inclusion levels of wheat DDGS on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs fed diets balanced for NE and SID Lys. In Exp. 1, 12 barrows (initial BW: 23.0 ± 2.2 kg) were surgically equipped with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and randomly allotted to a replicated 6 × 6 Latin square design with six diets and six periods. Five sources of European DDGS were used: wheat DDGS from 2011, wheat DDGS from 2012, wheat-80 DDGS (80% wheat and 20% maize), wheat-70 DDGS (70% wheat and 30% maize), and maize DDGS. Each diet contained one source of DDGS as the sole source of AA and an N-free diet was used to determine basal endogenous losses of AA. Results indicated that the SID of CP was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in maize DDGS compared with wheat DDGS from 2011, wheat DDGS from 2012, and wheat-70 DDGS. The SID of all indispensable AA except Trp was also greater (P &lt; 0.05) in maize DDGS compared with all other DDGS sources used in this experiment. For Trp, the SID in wheat-80 DDGS, wheat DDGS from 2011, and wheat DDGS from 2012 were not different from maize DDGS, but were greater (P &lt; 0.05) than in wheat-70 DDGS. The SID for all indispensable AA except Ile and Trp in wheat-70 DDGS were not different from the values calculated for wheat DDGS from 2011 and wheat DDGS from 2012, and no differences between SID values for AA in wheat DDGS from 2011 and wheat DDGS from 2012 were observed. In Exp. 2, 36 growing pigs (initial BW: 38.3 ± 1.97 kg) were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments (one pig/pen and nine replicate pigs/treatment) in a 2-phase feeding program (35 to 65, and 35 to 105 kg BW). The four dietary treatments included diets containing 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% wheat DDGS. Results indicated that there was no effect of wheat DDGS on pig growth performance or carcass quality. However, addition of wheat DDGS increased linearly (P &lt; 0.015) the indole concentration in the carcasses of the pigs. In conclusion, the SID of AA in maize DDGS produced in Europe is greater than in European wheat DDGS and DDGS produced from mixtures of wheat and maize, but inclusion of 30% wheat DDGS in diets fed to growing-finishing pigs did not affect growth performance or carcass quality.

scholarly journals Evaluation of high-protein distillers dried grains on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Xing Rao ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT A total of 1,890 growing-finishing pigs (PIC; 359 × 1050; initially 27.1 kg) were used in a 124-d growth trial to compare the effects of high-protein distillers dried grains [HPDDG; 39% crude protein (CP)] or conventional distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 29% CP) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Treatments were arranged in a 2×2 + 1 factorial with main effects of distillers dried grains source (conventional DDGS or HPDDG) and level (15 or 30%). A corn-soybean meal-based diet served as the control and allowed linear and quadratic level effects to be determined within each distillers dried grains (DDG) source. All diets were formulated on an equal standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys-basis with diets containing HPDDG having less soybean meal than diets with conventional DDGS. Pens were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with initial weight as the blocking factor. There were 27 pigs per pen and 14 pens per treatment. Overall, increasing conventional DDGS decreased (linear, P &lt; 0.04) final body weight (BW), whereas increasing HPDDG tended to decrease (linear, P = 0.065) final BW. The decreased final BW was a result of decreased (linear, P &lt; 0.01) ADG in the grower phase of the study as either DDG source increased. However, there were no differences observed in the finisher phase or overall ADG between pigs fed either DDG source or either inclusion level. Pigs fed HPDDG had decreased (P &lt; 0.001) ADFI and increased (P &lt; 0.001) G:F compared with those fed conventional DDGS. For carcass traits, increasing either conventional DDGS or HPDDG decreased carcass yield and HCW (linear, P &lt; 0.02); however, there were no differences between pigs fed HPDDG or conventional DDGS. Iodine value (IV) increased (linear, P &lt; 0.02) with increasing DDG and was greater (P &lt; 0.001) in pigs fed HPDDG than conventional DDGS. In summary, pigs fed HPDDG had no evidence of difference in overall ADG compared to pigs fed conventional DDGS, but had greater overall G:F. Carcass fat IV was also greater in pigs fed HPDDG compared with pigs fed conventional DDGS. These differences were probably due to the difference in oil content.

167 Effects of L-lys Hcl and Distillers Dried Grains Inclusion Rate on Growth Performance of Finishing Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
Henrique S Cemin ◽  
Luke A Swalla ◽  
Jamie L Pietig ◽  
Sharlie A Hansen ◽  
Ernie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
White Grease ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
High Level ◽  
Crystalline Amino Acids

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of L-Lys HCl inclusion in diets with or without distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance of finishing pigs. A total of 2,414 pigs (initial BW = 92.7 kg) were used in a 34-d trial. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial treatment structure with two levels of DDGS (0 or 10%) and three levels of L-Lys HCl (0.2, 0.3, or 0.4%). Diets were corn and soybean meal-based and were formulated to be isocaloric (NE = 2,668 kcal/kg) and isolysinic (0.75% SID Lys) by adjusting the inclusion of soybean meal, crystalline amino acids, and choice white grease. All other nutrient levels met or exceeded the NRC (2012) requirement estimates. There were 16 replicates per treatment. Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance measured to calculate ADG, ADFI, and G:F. Data was analyzed with SAS MIXED procedure. There was no evidence (P &gt; 0.10) for interactive effects between L-Lys HCl and DDGS inclusion rate. Pigs fed diets with 10% DDGS had improved (P = 0.002) G:F, but there was no evidence (P &gt; 0.10) for differences in ADG or ADFI. Pigs fed increasing levels of L-Lys HCl had higher (linear, P = 0.026) ADFI, decreased (quadratic, P = 0.013) G:F, and a tendency for quadratic response (P = 0.063) in ADG, overall with the poorest performance observed for pigs fed the diet with 0.4% L-Lys HCl. In conclusion, pigs fed 0 or 10% DDGS presented similar performance; however, pigs fed the high level of L-Lys HCl presented decreased performance.

scholarly journals 14 Challenges and opportunities for formulating low-protein diets for maintaining growth and N-retention of weanling and growing-finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
John K Htoo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Insufficient Amount ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Crystalline Amino Acids

Abstract For more than two decades, numerous studies have been conducted evaluating the effects of lowering CP level in pig diets. It is now accepted that lowering dietary CP level and adding crystalline amino acids (CAA) improves N utilization and consequently reduces N excretion. Increased availability of CAA such as Lys, Thr, Met, Trp, Val (Ile, Arg and His) allows nutritionists to further reduce dietary CP level while meeting pigs’ AA requirements more closely. However, pig performance was sometimes compromised when the dietary CP level was reduced more than 4 percentage units and adding high inclusion levels of CAA. An increase in backfat thickness was also sometimes reported when feeding finishing pigs with low CP diets. The potential reasons for such inconsistent results are due to the deficiency of the next limiting AA (typically Val and Ile), inaccurate feed mixing and insufficient amount of non-essential AA (NEAA) in the low CP diets. Formulating low CP diets on similar energy content as for the high CP diets on ME basis sometimes led to a greater backfat thickness in finishing pigs which was mainly due to increased energy utilization of pigs fed low CP diets coupled with the excess energy being stored as carcass fat. Based on the results of these experiments, optimal growth performance, carcass quality and N retention of pigs can be maintained when low CP diets are balanced for adequate levels of both essential AA and NEAA on the standardized ileal digestible basis combined with formulating on NE basis. Research suggests that keeping a maximum total Lys:CP ratio of 7.4% could overcome deficiency of NEAA in the low CP diets. Based on published N-balance studies, 1 percent unit dietary CP reduction results on average 9% reduction in N excretion in pigs which is an effective approach to become more sustainable pork production.

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