scholarly journals Evaluation of high-protein distillers dried grains on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Xing Rao ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT A total of 1,890 growing-finishing pigs (PIC; 359 × 1050; initially 27.1 kg) were used in a 124-d growth trial to compare the effects of high-protein distillers dried grains [HPDDG; 39% crude protein (CP)] or conventional distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 29% CP) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Treatments were arranged in a 2×2 + 1 factorial with main effects of distillers dried grains source (conventional DDGS or HPDDG) and level (15 or 30%). A corn-soybean meal-based diet served as the control and allowed linear and quadratic level effects to be determined within each distillers dried grains (DDG) source. All diets were formulated on an equal standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys-basis with diets containing HPDDG having less soybean meal than diets with conventional DDGS. Pens were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with initial weight as the blocking factor. There were 27 pigs per pen and 14 pens per treatment. Overall, increasing conventional DDGS decreased (linear, P < 0.04) final body weight (BW), whereas increasing HPDDG tended to decrease (linear, P = 0.065) final BW. The decreased final BW was a result of decreased (linear, P < 0.01) ADG in the grower phase of the study as either DDG source increased. However, there were no differences observed in the finisher phase or overall ADG between pigs fed either DDG source or either inclusion level. Pigs fed HPDDG had decreased (P < 0.001) ADFI and increased (P < 0.001) G:F compared with those fed conventional DDGS. For carcass traits, increasing either conventional DDGS or HPDDG decreased carcass yield and HCW (linear, P < 0.02); however, there were no differences between pigs fed HPDDG or conventional DDGS. Iodine value (IV) increased (linear, P < 0.02) with increasing DDG and was greater (P < 0.001) in pigs fed HPDDG than conventional DDGS. In summary, pigs fed HPDDG had no evidence of difference in overall ADG compared to pigs fed conventional DDGS, but had greater overall G:F. Carcass fat IV was also greater in pigs fed HPDDG compared with pigs fed conventional DDGS. These differences were probably due to the difference in oil content.

scholarly journals PSIX-14 Evaluation of high-protein distillers dried grains on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 180-181
Author(s):  
Zhong-Xing Rao ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
The Difference

Abstract A total of 1,890 growing-finishing pigs (PIC; 359 × 1050; initially 27.1 kg) were used in a 124-d growth trial to compare the effects of pigs fed diets with high-protein dried distillers grains (HPDDG) or conventional dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Conventional DDGS contained 29.0% CP, 0.48% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys and 9.2% oil, whereas HPDDG contained 39.3% CP, 0.68% SID Lys and 11.1% oil. All diets were formulated on an equal SID Lys-basis with diets containing HPDDG having less soybean meal than diets with conventional DDGS. There were 27 pigs per pen and 14 pens per treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2×2 + 1 factorial with main effects of DDG source (conventional DDGS or HPDDG) and level (15 or 30%). A corn-soybean meal-based diet served as the control and allowed linear and quadratic level effects to be determined within each DDG source. Pens were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with initial weight as the blocking factor. Data were analyzed using lme4 package in R (version 3.5.2) with pen as experimental unit. Overall, there were no differences observed in ADG between pigs fed either DDG source. Pigs fed HPDDG had decreased (P< 0.001) ADFI and increased (P< 0.001) G:F compared with those fed conventional DDGS. Increasing either conventional DDGS or HPDDG decreased carcass yield and HCW (linear, P< 0.02); however, there were no differences between pigs fed HPDDG or conventional DDGS. Iodine value (IV) was greater (P< 0.001) in pigs fed HPDDG than conventional DDGS, and IV increased (linear, P< 0.02) with increasing DDG. These data suggest that pigs fed HPDDG had greater G:F and IV compared with pigs fed conventional DDGS, probably due to the difference in oil content.

137 Evaluation of Narasin Inclusion Level on the Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Growing-finishing Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Christopher L Puls ◽  
Roger Arentson ◽  
Beau A Peterson ◽  
Gustavo Silva ◽  
Brandon Knopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract Two studies were conducted to evaluate narasin inclusion level on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. The studies were carried out using a randomized complete block design with three narasin levels: 0 vs. 15 vs. 20 mg/kg. Study 1 (2,232 pigs) was carried out over a fixed time of 85 days from 33.4 ± 1.7 kg to 117.0 ± 2.6 kg. Study 2 (1,125 pigs) was carried out over a fixed time of 113 days from 28.0 ± 2.2 kg to 124.4 ± 6.0 kg. All pigs were fed diets that met or exceeded nutrient recommendations of growing-finishing pigs (NRC, 2012). Pigs were offered ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study and weighed on day 0, 28, 56, and 84. Feed additions and feed remaining in the feeder at the time of pig weighing was recorded. Due to disruptions at the slaughter facility, carcass data were not collected on Study 1. For Study 2, pigs were sent for slaughter over five weeks, with the heaviest 20% of each pen being sent for slaughter each week. At slaughter, hot carcass weight was collected. Compared to controls, feeding 15 mg/kg narasin increased (P < 0.05) final body weight (1.2 kg and 1.4 kg for Study 1 and 2, respectively), increased (P < 0.05) hot carcass weight (1.3 kg), and tended (P = 0.07) to improve carcass yield (0.3 percentage units). Feeding 20 mg/kg narasin increased (P < 0.05) overall G:F compared to controls (1.5% and 1.9% for Study 1 and 2, respectively). There were limited differences between the 15 and 20 mg/kg narasin levels. The results of this study confirm improvements in growth performance and carcass characteristics from feeding narasin to growing-finishing pigs. The outcomes of feeding 20 mg/kg narasin were unexpected and warrant further research.

scholarly journals Effects of high-protein distillers dried grains on growth performance of nursery pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique S Cemin ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Caloric Efficiency

Abstract A total of 300 pigs (DNA 400 × 200, Columbus, NE), initially 11.1 kg, were used in a study to evaluate the effects of increasing amounts of high-protein distillers dried grains (HP DDG) on growth performance and to estimate its energy value relative to corn. Pigs were weaned, placed in pens with 5 pigs each, and fed a common diet for 21 d after weaning. Then, pens were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design. There were 5 treatments with 12 replicates per treatment. Treatments consisted of 0, 10, 20, 30, or 40% HP DDG, formulated by changing only the amounts of corn and feed-grade amino acids. Pigs were weighed weekly for 21 d to evaluate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F). Caloric efficiency was obtained by multiplying ADFI by kcal of net energy (NE) per kg of diet and dividing by ADG. The NE values for corn and soybean meal were obtained from NRC (2012), and initial estimates for HP DDG NE were derived from the Noblet et al. (1994) equation. The energy of HP DDG was estimated based on caloric efficiency relative to the diet without HP DDG. Pigs fed diets with increasing HP DDG had a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in ADG, ADFI, and final body weight. There was a tendency for a quadratic response (P = 0.051) in G:F, with the greatest G:F observed for pigs fed diets with 40% HP DDG. There was a linear reduction (P < 0.05) in caloric efficiency with increasing amounts of HP DDG, indicating the initial NE estimate of HP DDG was underestimated. The use of caloric efficiency to estimate the energy value of HP DDG presents several limitations. This approach assumes that the NE values of corn and soybean meal are accurate and does not take into account possible changes in body composition, which can influence the G:F response as leaner pigs are more efficient. In conclusion, increasing HP DDG in the diet linearly decreased ADG and ADFI. Using caloric efficiency to estimate energy content relative to corn, the HP DDG used in this study was estimated to be 97.3% of the energy value of corn. Direct or indirect calorimetry is needed to confirm this value.

scholarly journals Effects of feeding high-protein corn distillers dried grains and a mycotoxin mitigation additive on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork fat quality of growing–finishing pigs1

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 666-681
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Yang ◽  
Pedro E Urriola ◽  
Adrienne Hilbrands ◽  
Lee J Johnston ◽  
Gerald C Shurson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Pork Fat ◽  
Feeding Diets

Abstract Two experiments investigated the effects of feeding diets containing 30% of novel high-protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG) sources to growing–finishing pigs on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork fat quality. A four-phase feeding program was used in both experiments, and diets within phases were formulated based on National Research Council (NRC; 2012) recommendations for metabolizable energy and standardized ileal digestible amino acid content of HP-DDG. In Exp. 1, a total of 144 pigs (body weight [BW] = 20.3 ± 1.6 kg) were fed either corn-soybean meal control diets (CON) or 30% HP-DDG diets (HP-DDG) containing 0.7 mg/kg deoxynivalenol (DON), 0.1 mg/kg fumonisins (FUM), and 56 μg/kg zearalenone (ZEA) for 8 wk. On week 9, a mycotoxin mitigation additive (MA) was added to CON and HP-DDG diets, resulting in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of: CON, CON + MA, HP-DDG, and HP-DDG + MA. Pigs fed HP-DDG had lower (P < 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared with those fed CON during the first 8 wk. After MA was added to diets, pigs fed HP-DDG diets without MA had lower (P < 0.05) overall ADG than those fed HP-DDG + MA and less (P < 0.05) final BW than pigs fed CON or CON + MA. Adding MA to HP-DDG diets containing relatively low concentrations of mycotoxins was effective in restoring growth performance comparable to feeding CON. In Exp. 2, a different source of HP-DDG was used, and mycotoxin MAs were added to all diets at the beginning of the trial. A total of 144 pigs (BW = 22.7 ± 2.3 kg) were fed either a corn-soybean meal control diet or a 30% HP-DDG diet containing 0.5 mg/kg DON and 0.8 mg/kg FUM for 16 wk. Pigs fed HP-DDG diets had less (P < 0.01) final BW and ADG than pigs fed CON, but there were no differences in ADFI. Feeding the HP-DDG diets reduced (P < 0.01) hot carcass weight, carcass yield, longissimus muscle area (LMA), and percentage of carcass fat-free lean compared with pigs fed CON but did not affect backfat (BF) depth. Pigs fed HP-DDG had less (P < 0.01) saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content and greater (P < 0.01) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and iodine value in BF than pigs fed CON. These results suggest that feeding diets containing relatively low concentrations of co-occurring mycotoxins can be detrimental to growth performance, and the addition of MA alleviated the growth reduction. Feeding 30% HP-DDG reduced BW, ADG, carcass yield, LMA, and percentage of fat-free lean of growing–finishing pigs but yielded acceptable pork fat quality.

scholarly journals 202 Determining the effects of increasing dietary standardized ileal digestible lysine levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs from 29- to 129-kg

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
Steve J Kitt ◽  
Wayne Cast ◽  
Mark Hover ◽  
Carine Vier ◽  
Chris Sievers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of increasing standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. A total of 1,013 barrows and gilts (PIC337×Camborough, initially 29.2±0.21 kg) were used in a 112-d growth trial with 25 or 26 pigs per pen and 13 pens per treatment in a randomized complete block design. Diets were corn-soybean meal (SBM)-dried distillers grains with solubles-based, and treatments were achieved through the inclusion of SBM at the expense of corn. Diets were fed in 6 phases and formulated to be iso-caloric within each phase. Treatments consisted of: 1) Low Lys: overall dietary SID Lys levels as 87% of PIC2016 Lys requirement; 2) Medium Lys: overall dietary SID Lys levels as 97% of PIC2016 Lys requirement; 3) High Lys: overall dietary SID Lys levels as 106% of PIC2016 Lys requirement. Experimental data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models with pen as the experimental unit. Pigs fed High or Medium Lys had greater (P< 0.01) average daily gain compared to pigs fed Low Lys. There was no evidence (P >0.10) for the difference between treatments for average daily feed intake. Pigs fed High Lys had the greatest (P< 0.01) feed efficiency (G:F) followed by Medium Lys, with pigs fed Low Lys with the lowest G:F. Pigs fed High or Medium Lys had greater (P< 0.01) hot carcass weight, loin depth, and lean percentage compared to pigs fed Low Lys. There was no evidence (P >0.10) for treatment effect on carcass yield and backfat. Pigs fed Low Lys had greater removal and mortality rate than those fed High or Medium Lys (P< 0.01). In conclusion, increasing SID Lys over PIC2016 recommendations through increasing SBM levels resulted in increased growth performance and carcass characteristics, and reduced removal and mortality rate of 29- to- 129 kg pigs.

167 Effects of L-lys Hcl and Distillers Dried Grains Inclusion Rate on Growth Performance of Finishing Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
Henrique S Cemin ◽  
Luke A Swalla ◽  
Jamie L Pietig ◽  
Sharlie A Hansen ◽  
Ernie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
White Grease ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
High Level ◽  
Crystalline Amino Acids

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of L-Lys HCl inclusion in diets with or without distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance of finishing pigs. A total of 2,414 pigs (initial BW = 92.7 kg) were used in a 34-d trial. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial treatment structure with two levels of DDGS (0 or 10%) and three levels of L-Lys HCl (0.2, 0.3, or 0.4%). Diets were corn and soybean meal-based and were formulated to be isocaloric (NE = 2,668 kcal/kg) and isolysinic (0.75% SID Lys) by adjusting the inclusion of soybean meal, crystalline amino acids, and choice white grease. All other nutrient levels met or exceeded the NRC (2012) requirement estimates. There were 16 replicates per treatment. Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance measured to calculate ADG, ADFI, and G:F. Data was analyzed with SAS MIXED procedure. There was no evidence (P > 0.10) for interactive effects between L-Lys HCl and DDGS inclusion rate. Pigs fed diets with 10% DDGS had improved (P = 0.002) G:F, but there was no evidence (P > 0.10) for differences in ADG or ADFI. Pigs fed increasing levels of L-Lys HCl had higher (linear, P = 0.026) ADFI, decreased (quadratic, P = 0.013) G:F, and a tendency for quadratic response (P = 0.063) in ADG, overall with the poorest performance observed for pigs fed the diet with 0.4% L-Lys HCl. In conclusion, pigs fed 0 or 10% DDGS presented similar performance; however, pigs fed the high level of L-Lys HCl presented decreased performance.

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