Stress Analysis of the Multi-Layered System of a Truck Tire

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
S. Rakheja ◽  
R. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Layered System ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Stress And Deformation

Abstract In this paper, a nonlinear finite element tire model is developed as an effective fast modeling approach to analyze the stress fields within a loaded tire structure, with the contact patch geometry and contact pressure distribution in the tire-road interface as functions of the normal load and the inflation pressure. The model considers the geometry and orientations of the cords in individual layers and the stacking sequence of different layers in the multi-layered system to predict the interply interactions in the belts and carcass layers. The study incorporates nearly incompressible property of the tread rubber block and anisotropic material properties of the layers. The analysis is performed using ANSYS software, and the results are presented to describe the influence of the normal load on the various stress fields and contact pressure distributions. The computed footprint geometry is qualitatively compared with the measured data to examine the validity of the model. It is concluded that the proposed model can provide reliable predictions about the three-dimensional stress and deformation fields in the multi-layered system and the contact pressure distribution in the tire-road interface.

scholarly journals A Three-Dimensional Semianalytical Model for Elastic-Plastic Sliding Contacts

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Nélias ◽  
Eduard Antaluca ◽  
Vincent Boucly ◽  
Spiridon Cretu
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gradient Methods ◽  
Reciprocal Theorem ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Sliding Contacts ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Residual Strains

A three-dimensional numerical model based on a semianalytical method in the framework of small strains and small displacements is presented for solving an elastic-plastic contact with surface traction. A Coulomb’s law is assumed for the friction, as commonly used for sliding contacts. The effects of the contact pressure distribution and residual strain on the geometry of the contacting surfaces are derived from Betti’s reciprocal theorem with initial strain. The main advantage of this approach over the classical finite element method (FEM) is the computing time, which is reduced by several orders of magnitude. The contact problem, which is one of the most time-consuming procedures in the elastic-plastic algorithm, is obtained using a method based on the variational principle and accelerated by means of the discrete convolution fast Fourier transform (FFT) and conjugate gradient methods. The FFT technique is also involved in the calculation of internal strains and stresses. A return-mapping algorithm with an elastic predictor∕plastic corrector scheme and a von Mises criterion is used in the plasticity loop. The model is first validated by comparison with results obtained by the FEM. The effect of the friction coefficient on the contact pressure distribution, subsurface stress field, and residual strains is also presented and discussed.

Analysis on the Contact Pressure Distribution of Chemical Mechanical Polishing by the Bionic Polishing Pad with Phyllotactic Pattern

2011 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.S. Lv ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Min Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Chemical Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Wafer Surface ◽  
Boundary Edge ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Polishing Pad

In order to make the contact pressure distribution of polishing wafer surface more uniform during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), a kind of the bionic polishing pad with sunflower seed pattern has been designed based on phyllotaxis theory, and the contact model and boundary condition of CMP have been established. Using finite element analysis, the contact pressure distributions between the polishing pad and wafer have been obtained when polishing silicon wafer and the effects of the phyllotactic parameter of polishing pad on the contact pressure distribution are found. The results show that the uniformity of the contact pressure distribution can be improved and the singularity of the contact pressure in the boundary edge of polished wafer can be decreased when the reasonable phyllotactic parameters are selected.

Hot judder behavior in multidisc clutches

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Ma ◽  
Likun Yang ◽  
Heyan Li ◽  
Nan Lan
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Frictional Heat ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Engagement Process ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Interface Contact

This paper presents an investigation of the hot judder phenomenon of multidisc clutches, which takes place during the engagement process. Depending on the results of finite element analysis, a pressure distribution function is defined and a contact pressure equation is established to demonstrate the non-uniformity of the contact pressure distribution on the friction interfaces due to frictional heat. The relationship between the coefficient of friction and the temperature is analyzed. A 4 degrees of freedom power-train model is developed to evaluate the clutch judder behavior. The paper indicates that the clutch judder is influenced by the non-uniformity of the interface contact pressure distribution, which is excited by frictionally induced thermal load. The non-uniform contact pressure distributions along the radial direction have a slight influence on the clutch judder, while the uneven contact pressure distributions along the circumference contribute to the judder substantially. Furthermore, the results in this work can be used to study the operation instability and the thermal failure of clutches.

Elastic-Plastic Partial Slip Rolling Wheel-Rail Contact With an Oblique Rail Crack

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Chuan Chen ◽  
Jao-Hwa Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Partial Slip ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Tractive Force ◽  
Plastic Energy ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Pressure Distributions

The effect of rail surface crack on the wheel-rail contact pressure distribution under partial slip rolling was studied in this work. The elastic-plastic finite element model was employed for stress analyses. The numerical simulations were used to explore the effects of the contact distances and tractive force on the normal and tangential contact pressure distributions, tip plastic energy and critical wheel applied load. Contact elements were used to simulate the interaction between wheel and rail and crack surfaces. Numerical results indicate that the contact pressure distributions are significantly affected by the rail crack. Traditional contact theories are not available to describe the contact pressure distribution on the contact crack surfaces. Results also indicate that a higher friction force on the contact crack surfaces is observed for wheel subjected a larger tractive force. A larger crack surfaces friction force can reduce the sliding between crack surfaces and leads to a smaller tip plastic energy.

scholarly journals Effects of tire – pavement contact pressure distributions on the response of asphalt concrete pavements

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Qi Yue ◽  
Otto J. Svec
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Point Load ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Numerical Verification ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Pressure Distributions

The paper presents the development of a computer program VIEM for the elastic analysis of multilayered elastic pavements under the action of arbitrary tire–pavement contact pressure distributions. The techniques adapted in VIEM primarily involves the use of a two-dimensional numerical integration to integrate point load solutions over the distributed pressure after discretizing the contact area into a finite number of triangular or quadrilateral elements. Values of contact pressure are inputted at the node points of discretized area. Numerical verification of VIEM indicates that numerical solution of high accuracy can be efficiently calculated for the elastic response of multilayered asphalt pavements. As a result, the determination of displacements and stresses (strains) can be achieved using a personal computer. With the use of VIEM, a theoretical investigation is further performed to illustrate the effects of tire–pavement contact pressure distributions on the response of asphalt concrete pavements. An in situ measured tire–pavement contact pressure distribution is utilized in the investigation. The response of asphalt concrete pavements due to the action of this measured contact pressure distribution is examined and compared with that due to the action of a uniform and circular contact pressure distribution by taking into account the influences of moduli and thicknesses of structural layers. The results of this investigation confirm theoretically a general consensus that details of the contact pressure distribution affect stresses and strains near the surface of the pavement, whereas the response in the lower layers depends mainly on the overall load. In particular, the contact pressure distributions have a significant effect on the horizontal tensile strains at the bottom of thin asphalt concrete layer which control the fatigue failure of asphalt pavements. Key words: tire–pavevment interaction, three-dimensional stress analysis, asphalt concrete pavements, numerical integration, multilayered elastic solids, point load solution.

A Useful Solution for Estimating Contact Pressure Between a Plate and Foundation

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-789
Author(s):  
L. B. Shulkin ◽  
D. A. Mendelsohn ◽  
G. L. Kinzel ◽  
T. Altan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Finite Thickness ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Winkler Foundation ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Design Variables

Many manufacturing situations involve a finite thickness plate or layer of material which is pressed against a much thicker foundation of the same or different material. One key example is a blank holder (plate) pressed against a die (foundation) in a sheet metal forming operation. In designing such a plate/foundation system the design objective often involves the contact stress distribution between the plate and foundation and the design variables are typically the thickness and modulus of the plate, the stiffness of the foundation and the applied pressure distribution on the noncontacting side of the plate. In general the problem relating the variables to the contact pressure distribution is three-dimensional and requires a complex finite element or boundary element solution. However, if the applied pressure distribution consists of sufficiently localized patches, which is often the case in applications, then an approximate 3D solution can be constructed by superposition. Specifically, the paper provides a convenient calculation procedure for the contact pressure due to a single circular patch of applied pressure on an infinite, isotropic, elastic layer which rests on a Winkler foundation. The procedure is validated by using known analytical solutions and the finite element method (FEM). Next a sensitivity study is presented for ascertaining the validity of the solution’s use in constructing solutions to practical problems involving multiple patches of loading. This is accomplished through a parametric study of the effects of loading radius, layer thickness, layer elastic properties, foundation stiffness and the form of the applied pressure distribution on the magnitude and extent of the contact pressure distribution. Finally, a procedure for determining an appropriate Winkler stiffness parameter for a foundation is presented. [S1087-1357(00)00603-1]

Two-Dimensional Contact Pressure Distribution of a Radial Tire

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Akasaka ◽  
M. Katoh ◽  
S. Nihei ◽  
M. Hiraiwa
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Radial Tire ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Reaction Forces

Abstract Two-dimensional contact pressure distribution of a radial tire, statically compressed to a flat roadway, is analyzed using a rectangular contact patch. The tire structure is modeled by a spring-bedded ring belt comprised of a laminated-biased composite strip. The belt is supported by radial springs simulating the sidewall. The spring constant Kr was well defined previously by one of the authors. Deformation of the rectangular flat belt is obtained theoretically. The belt is subjected to inflation pressure, reaction forces transmitted from the spring bed of the tread rubber, and shearing force and bending moment along the belt boundaries brought from side-wall springs and the detached part of the ring belt. In-plane membrane forces, which are not uniform in the contact area, due to the friction forces acting between the tread surface and the roadway are also applied. The resulting contact pressure distributions in the circumferential direction are shown to be convex along the shoulder, but concave along the crown center line. This distribution agrees well with the experimental results.

Contact Status Analysis of Rod-Fastened Rotors With Hirth Coupling in Gas Turbines

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qi Yuan ◽  
Zuo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Contact Interface ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Tightening Force

The aim of this paper is to provide some basis for the design and assembly of a rod-fastened rotor with Hirth coupling. The rod-fastened rotor is comprised of a series of discs clamped together by a central tie rod or several tie rods on the pitch circle diameter. The key difference between a rod-fastened rotor and an integrated one is the existence of contact interfaces. The contact status of contact interface in the rod-fastened rotor is the key concern for accurate rotor dynamic analysis. Therefore, the method of accurately describing the slippage status and contact status is presented in this paper. The approach of eliminating the slippage and making the radial contact pressure distribution more uniform is also presented. According to the characteristics of Hirth coupling, one model of a turbine end rotor with Hirth coupling of a heavy duty gas turbine was built. The three-dimensional finite element contact method and non-linear behaviors such as friction were also taken into account. The effect of pre-tightening forces, centrifugal forces and overhung rim lengths on the radial slippage including initial radial slippage usi and dynamic radial slippage usd of contact interface was determined. A dimensionless coefficient cr was also defined to describe the radial contact pressure distribution of contact interface which was influenced by the values of pre-tightening forces, centrifugal forces and wheel rim lengths respectively. The results of Hirth coupling indicate that the initial radial slippage increases with the pre-tightening forces, and for a fixed pre-tightening force, usi decreased with the increase of overhung rim length. In addition, there is an optimum rim length to eliminate the dynamic radial slippage usd produced by the change of the centrifugal force. Through the analysis of contact pressure distribution, we know that the reasonable design of the load relief trough processed in the overhung rim makes the contact pressure distribution more uniform. Finally, the effect of temperature load on the radial slippage and contact pressure distribution was investigated.

Rim Slip and Bead Fitment of Tires: Analysis and Design2

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Frictional Torque ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Design Modification ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Slip Resistance ◽  
Braking Torque

Abstract A tire slips circumferentially on the rim when subjected to a driving or braking torque greater than the maximum tire-rim frictional torque. The balance of the tire-rim assembly achieved with weight attachment at certain circumferential locations in tire mounting is then lost, and vibration or adverse effects on handling may result when the tire is rolled. Bead fitment refers to the fit between a tire and its rim, and in particular, to whether a gap exists between the two. Rim slip resistance, or the maximum tire-rim frictional torque, is the integral of the product of contact pressure, friction coefficient, and the distance to the wheel center over the entire tire-rim interface. Analytical solutions and finite element analyses were used to study the dependence of the contact pressure distribution on tire design and operating attributes such as mold ring profile, bead bundle construction and diameter, and inflation pressure, etc. The tire-rim contact pressure distribution consists of two parts. The pressure on the ledge and the flange, respectively, comes primarily from tire-rim interference and inflation. Relative contributions of the two to the total rim slip resistance vary with tire types, depending on the magnitudes of ledge interference and inflation pressure. Based on the analyses, general guidelines are established for bead design modification to improve rim slip resistance and mountability, and to reduce the sensitivity to manufacturing variability. An iterative design and analysis procedure is also developed to improve bead fitment.

One-Dimensional Contact Pressure Distribution of Radial Tires in Motion

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shiobara ◽  
T. Akasaka ◽  
S. Kagami ◽  
S. Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Support Ring ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Lowered Pressure

Abstract The contact pressure distribution and the rolling resistance of a running radial tire under load are fundamental properties of the tire construction, important to the steering performance of automobiles, as is well known. Many theoretical and experimental studies have been previously published on these tire properties. However, the relationships between tire performances in service and tire structural properties have not been clarified sufficiently due to analytical and experimental difficulties. In this paper, establishing a spring support ring model made of a composite belt ring and a Voigt type viscoelastic spring system of the sidewall and the tread rubber, we analyze the one-dimensional contact pressure distribution of a running tire at speeds of up to 60 km/h. The predicted distribution of the contact pressure under appropriate values of damping coefficients of rubber is shown to be in good agreement with experimental results. It is confirmed by this study that increasing velocity causes the pressure to rise at the leading edge of the contact patch, accompanied by the lowered pressure at the trailing edge, and further a slight movement of the contact area in the forward direction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document