Municipal Corporations: Regulation of Traffic: Conflict between Local Ordinance and Motor Vehicle Act

1928 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
W. L. E.
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Local Ordinance

scholarly journals TRAFFIC CONFLICT IDENTIFICATION OF E-BIKES AT SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS

Transport ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Qu ◽  
Yuhong Gao ◽  
Xianmin Song ◽  
Yingji Xia ◽  
Lin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Time To Collision ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Change Trend ◽  
Conflict Identification ◽  
Conflict Types

The increase of e-bikes has raised traffic conflict concerns over past decade. Numerous conflict indicators are applied to measure traffic conflicts by detecting differences in temporal or spatial proximity between users. However, for traffic environment with plenty of e-bikes, these separate space-time approaching indicators may not be applicable. Thus, this study aims to propose a multi-variable conflict indicator and build a conflict identification method for e-bikes moving in the same direction. In particular, by analysing the conflict characteristics from e-bikes trajectories, a multi-variable conflict indicator utilizing change of forecast post encroachment time, change of relative speed and change of distance is derived. Mathematical statistics and cluster discriminant analyses are applied to identify types of conflict, including conflict existence identification and conflict severity identification. The experimental results show: in mixed traffic environments with many e-bikes, compared with time-to-collision and deceleration, accuracy of identifying e-bike conflict types based on proposed method is the highest and can reach more than 90%; that is, multi-variable indicator based on time and space are more suitable for identifying e-bike conflicts than separate space-time approaching indicators. Furthermore, setting of dividing strip between motor vehicle and non-motorized vehicle has significant influence on number and change trend of conflict types. The proposed method can not only provide a theoretical basis and technical support for automated conflict detection in mixed transportation, but also give the safety optimization sequence of e-bikes at different types of intersections.

scholarly journals Research on management and control strategy of E-bikes based on attribute reduction method

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yingfeng ◽  
Wang Minghu
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Method ◽  
Rough Set Theory ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Attribute Reduction ◽  
Video Monitoring ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Time Distance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Isolation Facilities

Abstract The sports characteristics of E-bikes increase the conflict between traffic participants. In this paper, the criteria of E-bike traffic conflict are given according to time distance. Based on the rough set theory, the redundant rule reduction method is developed, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1. Signal lights and video monitoring points have little effect on alleviating the traffic conflict between e-vehicles and motor vehicles; 2. Setting isolation facilities, non-motor vehicle lanes and traffic police can effectively reduce the traffic conflict. The results show that this method can effectively analyse the main influencing factors of traffic conflict.

scholarly journals Kinetic and Kinematic Features of Pedestrian Avoidance Behavior in Motor Vehicle Conflicts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Li ◽  
Shi Shang ◽  
Xizhe Pei ◽  
Qingfan Wang ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Movement Velocity ◽  
Physiological Signal ◽  
Avoidance Behaviors ◽  
Active Safety Systems ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Human Body Models ◽  
Biomechanical Features

The active behaviors of pedestrians, such as avoidance motions, affect the resultant injury risk in vehicle–pedestrian collisions. However, the biomechanical features of these behaviors remain unquantified, leading to a gap in the development of biofidelic research tools and tailored protection for pedestrians in real-world traffic scenarios. In this study, we prompted subjects (“pedestrians”) to exhibit natural avoidance behaviors in well-controlled near-real traffic conflict scenarios using a previously developed virtual reality (VR)-based experimental platform. We quantified the pedestrian–vehicle interaction processes in the pre-crash phase and extracted the pedestrian postures immediately before collision with the vehicle; these were termed the “pre-crash postures.” We recorded the kinetic and kinematic features of the pedestrian avoidance responses—including the relative locations of the vehicle and pedestrian, pedestrian movement velocity and acceleration, pedestrian posture parameters (joint positions and angles), and pedestrian muscle activation levels—using a motion capture system and physiological signal system. The velocities in the avoidance behaviors were significantly different from those in a normal gait (p < 0.01). Based on the extracted natural reaction features of the pedestrians, this study provides data to support the analysis of pedestrian injury risk, development of biofidelic human body models (HBM), and design of advanced on-vehicle active safety systems.

Case Exercise: Biomechanics in Rearend Motor Vehicle Collisions

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Physical Findings

Abstract Multiple factors determine the likelihood, type, and severity of bodily injury following a motor vehicle collision and, in turn, influence the need for treatment, extent of disability, and likelihood of permanent impairment. Among the most important factors is the change in velocity due to an impact (Δv). Other factors include the individual's strength and elasticity, body position at the time of impact, awareness of the impending impact (ie, opportunity to brace, guard, or contract muscles before an impact), and effects of braking. Because Δv is the area under the acceleration vs time curve, it combines force and duration and is a useful way to quantify impact severity. The article includes a table showing the results of a literature review that concluded, “the consensus of human subject research conducted to date is that a single exposure to a rear-end impact with a Δv of 5 mph or less is unlikely to result in injury” in most healthy, restrained occupants. Because velocity incorporates direction as well as speed, a vehicular occupant is less likely to be injured in a rear impact than when struck from the side. Evaluators must consider multiple factors, including the occupant's pre-existing physical and psychosocial status, the mechanism and magnitude of the collision, and a variety of biomechanical variables. Recommendations based solely on patient history and physical findings (and, perhaps, imaging studies) may be ill-informed.

105: Renal Injury Mechanisms in Motor Vehicle Collisions: Analysis of the Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) Dataset

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
James K. Kuan ◽  
Robert Kaufman ◽  
Jonathan L. Wright ◽  
Charles Mock ◽  
Avery B. Nathens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Injury Research

A Reassessment of Suicide Measurement

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Doessel ◽  
Ruth F.G. Williams ◽  
Harvey Whiteford
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Evaluation Exercise ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Circulatory Diseases

Background. Concern with suicide measurement is a positive, albeit relatively recent, development. A concern with “the social loss from suicide” requires careful attention to appropriately measuring the phenomenon. This paper applies two different methods of measuring suicide data: the conventional age-standardized suicide (count) rate; and the alternative rate, the potential years of life lost (PYLL) rate. Aims. The purpose of applying these two measures is to place suicide in Queensland in a historical and comparative (relative to other causes of death) perspective. Methods. Both measures are applied to suicide data for Queensland since 1920. These measures are applied also to two “largish” causes of death and two “smaller” causes of death, i.e., circulatory diseases, cancers, motor vehicle accidents, suicide. Results. The two measures generate quite different pictures of suicide in Queensland: Using the PYLL measure, suicide is a quantitatively larger issue than is indicated by the count measure. Conclusions. The PYLL measure is the more appropriate measure for evaluation exercise of public health prevention strategies. This is because the PYLL measure is weighted by years of life lost and, thus, it incorporates more information than the count measure which implicitly weights each death with a somewhat partial value, viz. unity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document