Dendrochronologic Calibration of the Radiocarbon Time Scale

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (2Part1) ◽  
pp. 350-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Damon ◽  
C. W. Ferguson ◽  
A. Long ◽  
E. I. Wallick
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Calibration Table ◽  
Conversion Table ◽  
Radiocarbon Data ◽  
Total Agreement ◽  
Calendar Dates

AbstractExtensive radiocarbon analyses have been made of dendrochronologically dated wood. The resultant radiocarbon data are not in total agreement with the conventional solar calendar as exemplified by the tree-ring chronology. The discrepancy reaches a maximum between 4060 B.C. to 7350 B.C. when radiocarbon dates are too young by 800 to 870 yr. Using a compatible set of 549 dated samples as a working base, a calibration table has been derived for conversion of conventional radiocarbon dates to calendar dates. This conversion table covers the period of time from A.D. 1600 to 5400 B.C. Data are also given to facilitate the calculation of the accuracy of the corrected date by a simple, illustrated method.

scholarly journals Timothy W Linick October 29, 1946–June 4, 1989

Radiocarbon ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. iii-iii
Author(s):  
Ajt Jull ◽  
Hans E Suess
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Accelerator Facility ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
The University

Timothy Weiler Linick died on June 4th, 1989. He was a dedicated researcher, and an important part of the NSF Accelerator Facility for Radioisotope Analysis at the University of Arizona. He will be remembered for his care and attention to details, especially in the calculation and reporting of radiocarbon dates. He made important contributions to the fields of oceanography and tree-ring calibration of the 14C time scale.

scholarly journals Relative sea-level changes in crete: reassessment of radiocarbon dates from Sphakia and west Crete

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 171-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Price ◽  
Tom Higham ◽  
Lucia Nixon ◽  
Jennifer Moody
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Isotopic Fractionation ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Catastrophic Earthquake ◽  
Radiocarbon Data ◽  
Calendar Dates

This article is concerned with the recognition and dating of Holocene relative sea-level changes along the coast of west Crete (an island located in the active Hellenic subduction arc of the southern Aegean) and in particular in Sphakia. Radiocarbon data for changes in sea levels collected and analysed previously must (a) be recorrected to take into account isotopic fractionation, and (b) recalibrated by using the new marine reservoir value. These new radiocarbon dates are analysed using Bayesian statistics. The resulting calendar dates for changes in sea level are younger than previously assumed. In particular the Great Uplift in western Crete in late antiquity must be dated to the fifth or sixth century AD, not to AD 365. Moreover, recent work on tectonics suggests that the Great Uplift need not have been accompanied by a catastrophic earthquake. Finally, we consider the consequences of the Great Uplift for some coastal sites in Sphakia.

Determination of the Age of Swiss Lake Dwellings as an Example of Dendrochronologically-Calibrated Radiocarbon Dating

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1173-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Ferguson ◽  
B. huber ◽  
H. E. Suess
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Bristlecone Pine ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Swiss Lake

Comparison of the radiocarbon content of a series of samples of dendrochronologically dated bristlecone pine wood with that from trees for which a so-called floating tree-ring chronology has been established makes it possible to determine an empirical age for this floating tree-ring series based upon the age of the wood used for comparison. For the case of the Swiss Lake Dwellers, the difference between conventional radiocarbon dates and the age values determined in this manner amounts to about 800 years. The age of the floating chronology was determined within a standard error of less than 40 years. The measurements indicate that the dwellings were constructed during the 38th century B. C.

scholarly journals A Simplified Approach to Calibrating 14C Dates

Radiocarbon ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Talma ◽  
J. C. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Individual Probability ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Calendar Dates

We propose a simplified approach to the calibration of radiocarbon dates. We use splines through the tree-ring data as calibration curves, thereby eliminating a large part of the statistical scatter of the actual data points. To express the age range, we transform the ± 1 σ and ± 2 σ values of the BP age to calendar dates and interpret them as the 68% and 95% confidence intervals. This approach bypasses the conceptual problems of the transfer of individual probability values from the radiocarbon to the calendar age. We have adapted software to make this calibration possible.

A 1397-year tree-ring chronology of Thujaoccidentalis from cliff faces of the Niagara Escarpment, southern Ontario, Canada

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1049-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.E. Kelly ◽  
E.R. Cook ◽  
D.W. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Niagara Escarpment

Living and dead Thujaoccidentalis L. (eastern white cedar) on cliff faces and in the talus of the Niagara Escarpment, southern Ontario were sampled and measured for dendrochronological analyses. One hundred and forty-two tree-ring series were cross-dated and a 1397-year tree-ring chronology was produced spanning the period 594–1990 A.D., making it the longest in Canada. An additional 784-year floating chronology was constructed from dead debris at the base of the cliff. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the floating chronology begins approximately in 580 B.C. Correlations between the tree-ring indices and 51 climate variables indicate that growth in T. occidentalis is negatively correlated with the previous growing season's temperature. The strongest correlation was between radial tree growth and maximum temperature in the previous July and August. Extremely hot summer conditions will negatively impact tree growth in the following year. These temperature correlations are very similar to those observed for T. occidentalis growing in western Quebec. This consistent climate response and the extreme longevity of T. occidentalis means that it is now an important species to exploit for dendroclimatological reconstructions of regional climate. The close proximity of these sites to the industrial heartland of eastern North America suggests that this, and future Thuja chronologies under development from the Niagara Escarpment, will provide an important ecological data base for exploring the human component of climate change.

scholarly journals TREE-RING-RADIOCARBON DATING AT A LATE CONTACT PERIOD KITKAHAHKI PAWNEE SITE ON THE CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS, USA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Nicholas V Kessler ◽  
Gregory W L Hodgins ◽  
Michael C Stambaugh ◽  
Mary J Adair
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Site Chronology ◽  
Calendar Dates

ABSTRACT This study obtained calendar dates by radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (14C AMS) dating sequential tree-rings of wooden support posts from the buried remains of traditional Kitkahahki Pawnee earthlodges preserved at an archaeological site on the Central Great Plains, USA. The tree-ring segments from the site were dendrochronologically analyzed prior to this study, but the cross-matched site chronology could not be definitively cross-dated and was thus “floating” in time. Our study represents the first floating tree-ring chronology from the Great Plains to be anchored in time by means of independent radiocarbon analysis. Three specimens were analyzed and dated to 1724–1774 CE (82.0% probability), 1774–1794 CE (95.4% probability), and 1800–1820 CE (95.4% probability). These dates correspond to the hypothetical timing of Kitkahahki ethnogensis, the main phase of village growth in the area, and a later reoccupation during a turbulent period in regional history. The results of this study conform to a scenario in which chaotic social conditions correspond to an increase in residential mobility between the core of Pawnee territory and a southern frontier in the Republican River valley.

scholarly journals APPLICATIONS OF DENDROCHRONOLOGY IN NORTHWESTERN MEXICO

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Turkon ◽  
Sturt W. Manning ◽  
Carol Griggs ◽  
Marco Antonio Santos Ramírez ◽  
Ben A. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Malpaso Valley ◽  
Calendar Dates

Although dendrochronological methods have the potential to provide precise calendar dates, they are virtually absent in Mesoamerican archaeological research. This absence is due to several long-standing, but erroneous, assumptions: that tree rings in this region do not reflect annual growth and environmental variability, that an adequate number of samples do not exist, and that tree-ring measurements cannot be useful without modern trees to link prehispanic chronologies. In this article we present data from the sites of La Quemada and Los Pilarillos, located in the Malpaso Valley, Zacatecas, to demonstrate that suitable archaeologically derived samples of dendrochronologically useful species do exist, that the samples from these sites are measurable and cross-datable, and that the tree rings can yield precise calendar dates using a method that “wiggle-matches” radiocarbon dates on tree-ring sequences. The work demonstrates the potential of these methods to address chronological, and, in the future, climatic questions, which have so far eluded archaeological work in the region.

scholarly journals Dendrochronological and radiocarbon analyses of subfossil oaks from the foothills of the Romanian Carpathians

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kern ◽  
Ionel Popa
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Radiocarbon Data ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Romanian Carpathians

Abstract A set of subfossil macroremains, consisting of 118 oak (Quercus sp.) and 61 elm (Ulmus sp.) trees, was collected at five sites in the foothills of the Eastern Carpathians along the course of the Suceava river. The tree-ring widths of the subfossil samples were measured. Dendrochronological synchronization resulted in five oak chronologies, although each encompassed relatively few (2 to 4) reliably cross-dated series. Radiocarbon analysis was performed on samples from three of the floating chronologies and on an additional single oak sample. Double radiocarbon data from two of the floating chronologies allowed for improved calibration using the wiggle-match estimate of the subfossil oak remains. Radiocarbon evidence highlighted the fact that the subfossil material recovered from the fluvial deposits of the Suceava river may represent a substantial part of the Holocene, from ~700 to ~7000 years ago. When temporal distribution of 14C dated sequences from the Suceava black oaks were compared to the calibrated age ranges reported from nearby rivers (Siret, Moldova), deposition events were observed to coincide at around 0.8–0.9 ka cal BP and ~3.7–3.6 ka cal BP. The five presented floating chronologies, and especially the first 14C wiggle-matched tree-ring sequences of Ro-manian black oaks could become key building blocks in a longer regional oak tree-ring chronology for the Eastern Carpathian region.

scholarly journals 14C Wiggle Matching of the ‘Floating’ Tree-Ring Chronology from the Altai Mountains, Southern Siberia: the Ulandryk-4 Case Study

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2A) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Y Slusarenko ◽  
J A Christen ◽  
L A Orlova ◽  
Y V Kuzmin ◽  
G S Burr
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Pazyryk Culture ◽  
Type Complex ◽  
Mountain System ◽  
Burial Mounds

The Bayesian approach to calibration of radiocarbon dates was used to wiggle-match the “floating” tree-ring chronology from a Pazyryk culture (Scythian-type complex from Sayan-Altai Mountain system, southern Siberia) burial ground in order to estimate the calendar age of its construction. Seventeen bidecadal tree-ring samples were 14C dated with high precision (±20–30 yr). The results of wiggle-matching show that the Pazyryk-type burial mounds in the southern Altai Mountains were created in the first part of 3rd century BC.

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