scholarly journals Effect of site and provenance on the length of transfusion parenchyma of Douglas-fir needles

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Vera Lavadinovic ◽  
Dragica Obratov-Petkovic ◽  
Ljubinko Rakonjac ◽  
Zoran Miletic ◽  
Filip Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Beech Forest ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Original Seed ◽  
Provenance Test ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
The Town ◽  
Matter Flow

Douglas-fir has been the most common introduced conifer species in European plantations since 1825. The analysis of the characteristics of the introduced tree species by conducting genetic tests may predict the success of transfer of Douglas-fir seed of different provenances. The projection of the model of provenance test aims at providing information on adaptation to habitat and climate conditions in new ecosystems in Serbia. The original seed of Douglas-fir from North America was used for setting the experiment of different provenances at two sites in Serbia. The first experiment was set in a beech forest (Fagetum moesiacae montanum Jov. 1976) on district cambisol in the area of Juhor mountain in central Serbia, while the second one was set in Tanda near the town of Bor in eastern Serbia on the habitat of Hungarian and Turkey oak (Quercetum frainetto-cerris Rud. 1949) on eutric cambisol. Through the analysis of the anatomical structure of Douglas-fir needles this paper tends to determine whether there are statistically significant differences in the length of transfusion parenchyma of provenances located in different habitats. The important function of parenchyma in needles is the physiological process of water, organic and mineral matter flow. The effects of the sites where the experiments were set on the transfusion parenchyma of needles were determined by statistical analysis.

scholarly journals Variability of nitrogen content in the needles of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mir/Franco) provenances

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Lavadinovic ◽  
Vasilije Isajev ◽  
Zoran Miletic ◽  
Milun Krstic
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Provenance Test ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

Nitrogen content in the needles of twenty Douglas-fir provenances, originating from different sites within the native range of the species in the USA, was studied in a Douglas-fir provenance test established at the montane beech site on acid brown soil. Based on the variability of nitrogen content in the needles, the intensity and dynamics of the physiological processes of Douglas-fir mineral nutrition were analyzed as the indicators of Douglas-fir adaptive potential to the sites in Serbia. All the trees of the study provenances were of the same age and grown under the same site and population conditions. The quantities of nitrogen absorbed in Douglas-fir needles were correlated with the geographical characteristics of the native sites of the observed provenances. The differences in nitrogen content in Douglas-fir needles point out the variability in the intensity of the physiological processes in the genotypes of the different provenances. Since the study Douglas-fir trees are cultivated on relatively small areas, in more or less equal general conditions, it can be concluded that the parameters of mineral nutrition depend on the genotypes constituting the gene pool of the study Douglas-fir provenances.

Variation and genetics of ribonucleases and phosphodiesterases in conifer seeds

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mejnartowicz ◽  
F. Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Endosperm Tissue ◽  
Isoenzyme Variation ◽  
Conifer Seeds ◽  
Starch Gel

Using techniques of starch gel electrophoresis, isoenzymes of ribonuclease 11 (RNase, EC 3.1.4.23) and phosphodiesterase I (PDase, EC 3.1.4.1) could be identified in endosperm tissue from dry seeds of three conifer species: Norway spruce (Picea abies). Scots pine (Pinus silvestris), and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). The RNase patterns mostly exhibited a relatively great number of isoenzyme bands as well as a considerable tree-to-tree variation, whereas the PDase system revealed only one enzyme zone in each of the three seed species. Furthermore, an isoenzyme variation within the PDase zones appeared to be very infrequent and could only be detected in Norway spruce and Douglas fir. However, the isoenzyme patterns of RNase as well as PDase showed significant differences between the conifer species. The genetic basis of the intraspecific isoenzyme variations could be easily analyzed, since the test material (seed endosperm) represented haploid tissues resulting from macrogametophytes after fertilization. Hence, it was possible to identify three polymorphic RNase gene loci in Douglas fir seeds, two in Scots pine seeds, and one in Norway spruce seeds. The PDase zone in each conifer species was controlled by one gene locus which revealed allelic forms only in Norway spruce and Douglas fir seeds.

Response of selected water chemical quality parameters to slight thinning in a mature oak–beech forest ecosystem under sub-humid climate conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Yurtseven ◽  
Ferhat Gökbulak ◽  
Yusuf Serengil ◽  
Betül Uygur Erdoğan ◽  
Mehmet Said Özçelik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions

Estimating branch production in trembling aspen, Douglas-fir, jack pine, black spruce, and balsam fir

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1024-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.Y. Bernier ◽  
M.B. Lavigne ◽  
E.H. Hogg ◽  
J.A. Trofymow
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Branch Wood

Measuring net primary productivity of trees requires the measurement of total wood production of branches. Recent work on balsam fir ( Abies balsamea ) has shown that branch-wood production can be estimated as a function of foliage production. We extend the analysis to four other species found in the Canadian forest: black spruce ( Picea mariana ), jack pine ( Pinus banksiana ), Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ), and trembling aspen ( Populus tremuloides ). Results show that the ratio of annual branch-wood production to annual foliage production is about 1.0 for conifer species (between 0.86 and 1.12) and 0.56 for aspen during a nondrought year. An analysis using field measurements of litterfall and stem-diameter increment from selected forested sites shows that branch-wood production accounts for a smaller proportion of aboveground net primary productivity in trembling aspen (15%–20%) than in conifer species (25%). Also, litterfall capture of small branches (<1 cm diameter) accounts for only 33% of branch detritus production in conifers and 50% in trembling aspen. This study supports the use of an alternative method for estimating branch-wood production that reduces the potential bias in field estimates of net primary productivity.

scholarly journals A comparative assessment: methods of growth of potato minitubers in summer greenhouses and in field under a covering material in the climate conditions of the Middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 09002
Author(s):  
Vladimir Molyanov ◽  
Oleg Vinogradov ◽  
Natalya Ivanayskaya ◽  
Natalya Kuvshinova ◽  
Ilya Molianov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Scientific Research Institute ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Original Seed ◽  
Covering Material ◽  
Middle Volga

The article presents the results of the comparison of two methods for potato minitubers cultivation, namely: in summer-type greenhouses and in field under a covering material in the climate conditions of the Middle Volga, Russia. This assessment was undertaken in the breeding and seed center of Agrostar LLC. The objective of the work is to assess the economic efficiency of both technologies for potato minitubers cultivation and justify the possibility of using the best of them for implementation in the original seed production. The micro-plants for the study were obtained from the biotechnological laboratories of the Samara Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences and the seedgrowing farm Tsirulev E.P., Samara region. The results obtained indicate that the most effective method of growth potato minitubers is in field under a covering material. This work was carried out as part of a comprehensive scientific and technical project “Development of breeding and seed production of potatoes in the Samara region”. Russian and Western European cultivars were used in the study.

scholarly journals THE ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND WATERSHED EFFECT ON THE HETEROTROPHIC METABOLISM IN THE LAKE ONEGO ECOSYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Kalinkina ◽  
L. E. Nazarova ◽  
E. V. Tekanova ◽  
P. Yu. Litinsky ◽  
A. I. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Heterotrophic Metabolism ◽  
Matter Flow

Lake Onego, as one of the largest water bodies in a humid zone, is the recipient of terrestrial carbon and plays an important role in the global balance of this element. Due to heterotrophic metabolism in the Lake Onego ecosystem, substantial emissions of carbon dioxide from this lake into the atmosphere can be assumed. However, the extent of this phenomenon is still poorly known. As a climate change has led to an increase in water and organic matter flow into the northern water bodies, the carbon balance study of aquatic ecosystems is of particular relevance. The elements of the water balance for the Lake Onego catchment area in the current climate conditions are assessed. Based on satellite images the model of Lake Onego watershed terrestrial ecosystems is used to simulate the flow of organic matter into the lake with different types of vegetation and topography consideration. The assessment of the benthic communities habitat is carried out taking into account the accumulation of organic matter in various parts of Lake Onego.

scholarly journals The effects of Douglas fir monoculture on stand characteristics in a zone of Montane beech forest

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kostic ◽  
Snezana Jaric ◽  
Gordana Gajic ◽  
Dragana Pavlovic ◽  
Milica Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Beech Stand ◽  
Biodiversity Changes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The right choice of tree species to form forest cultures is of paramount importance to the preservation of the diversity, fertility and ecological stability of forest ecosystems. To that end, we examined the effect of a 40-year-long cultivation of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb) Franco) on the floristic composition, characteristics of the forest floor, physical and chemical properties of the soil and the intensity of organic matter decomposition in a beech forest in western Serbia (Mt. Maljen). It was found that the cultivation of Douglas fir caused a reduction in biodiversity, changes in the chemical properties of the soil, that were most pronounced in the surface layers (0-10 cm), and a slowing down in the metabolism of the beech stand. The absence of many plant species characteristic to natural beech forests was observed in the Douglas fir plantation, these were reflected in the detected changes in the chemical properties of the soil, such as lower substitutional acidity (p<0.05), depletion of the adsorption of basis in the cation complex (p<0.001) and lower amounts of C, N, P (p<0.001) and K (p<0.01) in relation to the beech stand (control). No differences were found in soil moisture and active acidity levels. The higher value of the C/N ratio of the Douglas fir litter (p<0.001) provided proof for its lower decomposition rate compared to beech litter (p<0.05). Over time, all these changes could lead to further acidification and degradation of the soil and a reduction in this ecosystem?s productivity.

scholarly journals Looking for the needle in a downsized haystack: Whole-exome sequencing unravels how selection and gene flow have shaped climatic adaptation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Peter George ◽  
Silvio Schueler ◽  
Michael Grabner ◽  
Sandra Karanitsch-Ackerl ◽  
Konrad Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Exome Capture ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Climatic Adaptation

AbstractThe widespread Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) occurs along a steep gradient of diverse climates throughout its natural range, which is expected to result in spatially varying selection to local climate conditions. However, phenotypic signals of climatic adaptation can often be confounded, because unraveled clines covary with signals caused by neutral evolutionary processes such as gene flow and genetic drift. Here, we present phenotypic and genotypic data from a common garden experiment showing a putative signal of adaptation to climate after trees have been growing for 40 years in a common environment. Sixteen Douglas-fir provenances originating from a North-to-South gradient of approx. 1,000 km were analyzed and genomic information was obtained from exome capture, which resulted in an initial genomic dataset of >90,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used a restrictive and conservative filtering approach which permitted us to include only SNPs and individuals in environmental association analysis (EAA) that were free of potentially confounding effects (LD, relatedness among trees, heterozygosity deficiency and deviations from Hardy-Weinberg proportions). We used four conceptually different genome scan methods based on FST outlier detection and gene-environment association in order to disentangle truly adaptive SNPs from neutral SNPs and found that a relatively small proportion of the exome showed a truely adaptive signal (0.01-0.17%) when population substructuring and multiple testing was accounted for. Nevertheless, the unraveled SNP candidates showed significant relationship with climate at provenance origins which strongly suggests that they have most likely featured adaption in Douglas-fir across a steep climatic gradient. Two SNPs were independently found by three of the employed algorithms and one could be assigned with high probability to a Picea abies homolog gene involved in circadian clock control as was also found in Populus balsamifera.

scholarly journals Projected future suitable habitat and productivity of Douglas-fir in western North America

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Weiskittel ◽  
Nicholas L. Crookston ◽  
Gerald E. Rehfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Commercially Important

Projected future suitable habitat and productivity of Douglas-fir in western North America Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) is one of the most common and commercially important species in western North America. The species can occupy a range of habitats, is long-lived (up to 500 years), and highly productive. However, the future of Douglas-fir in western North America is highly uncertain due to the expected changes in climate conditions. This analysis presents a summary of work that utilizes an extensive network of inventory plots to project potential future changes in Douglas-fir habitat and productivity. By 2090, the amount of potential Douglas-fir habitat is projected to change little in terms of area (−4%). However, the habitat is expected to shift from coastal areas of North America to the interior. Corresponding changes in productivity are also projected as coastal areas experience reductions, while interior areas experience modest increases in productivity. Overall, the analysis indicates a sensitivity of Douglas-fir to climate and suggests that significant changes in North America are to be expected under climate change.

scholarly journals Differences in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways between coastal and interior Douglas-fir seedlings in response to drought

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1750-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Verena Junker-Frohn ◽  
Anita Kleiber ◽  
Kirstin Jansen ◽  
Arthur Gessler ◽  
Jürgen Kreuzwieser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Pool Sizes

ABSTRACT Plants have evolved energy dissipation pathways to reduce photooxidative damage under drought when photosynthesis is hampered. Non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids are involved in non-photochemical quenching of excess light energy and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. A better understanding of trees’ ability to cope with and withstand drought stress will contribute to mitigate the negative effects of prolonged drought periods expected under future climate conditions. Therefore we investigated if Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirb.)) provenances from habitats with contrasting water availability reveal intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways. In a controlled drought experiment with 1-year-old seedlings of an interior and a coastal Douglas-fir provenance, we assessed the photosynthetic capacity, pool sizes of non-volatile isoprenoids associated with the photosynthetic apparatus, as well as pool sizes and emission of volatile isoprenoids. We observed variation in the amount and composition of non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids among provenances, which could be linked to variation in photosynthetic capacity under drought. The coastal provenance exhibited an enhanced biosynthesis and emission of volatile isoprenoids, which is likely sustained by generally higher assimilation rates under drought. In contrast, the interior provenance showed an enhanced photoprotection of the photosynthetic apparatus by generally higher amounts of non-volatile isoprenoids and increased amounts of xanthophyll cycle pigments under drought. Our results demonstrate that there is intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways among Douglas-fir provenances, which may be important traits when selecting provenances suitable to grow under future climate conditions.

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