Allozymic Variation and Relationships within Viola sect. Viola (Violaceae) in Iran

Genetic variation and differentiation in taxa of the genus Viola L. sect. Viola, subsections Viola and Rostratae (Kupffer) W. Becker, were studied from natural populations occurring in Iran. Two isoenzyme systems, Phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) and Aconitase (ACO), encoding four putative loci, were employed to detect interspecific and intraspecific genetic variation. Considering the patterns of isoenzyme variation in the studied taxa, it is evident that V. caspia (Rupr.) Freyn subsp. caspia and V. capia subsp. sylvestroides Marcussen are closely related. The species V. alba Bess. subsp. alba and V. sintenisii W. Becker are isoenzymatically well characterized as distinct genetic entities.

Low level of isoenzyme variation in an island population of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa (sm. ex sibth.) ball

The isoenzyme variation in a geographically well isolated population of <em>Juniperus oxycedrus</em> subsp. <em>macrocarpa</em> from Korfu island was investigated. Based on the 18 putative isoenzyme loci a very low level of variation has been observed. In the studied material only 11% (95% criterion) of the loci were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus was 1.17 and the observed, and expected heterozygosities were 0.016, and 0.024, respectively.

Isoenzyme variation and genetic affinities among four species of the genus Festuca L. (Poaceae)

Festuca L. is one of the most complicated genera in Poaceae. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to study the isoenzyme variation of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in natural populations of F. valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaud., F. rupicola Heuff., F. dalmatica (Hack.) K. Richt. and F. stojanovii (Acht.) Kozuharov ex Foggi & Petrova. The aim of the present study was to assess isoenzyme variation and genetic affinities among the four species of the genus Festuca. Genetic identities (I) and distances (D) were calculated to evaluate qualitative genetic affinities and systematic relationships among the species. Considering the patterns of isoenzyme variation in the studied group, it is evident that F. dalmatica and F. stojanovii are closely related species. The species F. valesiaca and F. rupicola are isoenzymatically well characterized as distinct genetic entities. The obtained results generally support recent narrow species concept in the genus Festuca.