scholarly journals Effect of acid stress on germination and early seedling growth of red clover

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1295-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mandic ◽  
Z. Tomic ◽  
V. Krnjaja ◽  
Z. Bijelic ◽  
M. Zujovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Stress ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Early Seedling

The aim of this investigation was to estimate the effect of four pH levels of germination media (4, 5, 6 and 7) on seed germination energy (GE), germination (G), percentage of dead or infected seeds (DIS), percentage of hard seed (HS), normal (NS) and abnormal seedlings (AS), root length (RL), shoot length (ShL), seedling length (SeL), fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of seedling, and seedling vigor index (SVI) in two red clover genotypes (cv. K-17 and cv. Kolubara). The experiment was conducted in the laboratory conditions of the Institute for Animal Husbandry in Belgrade in January 2011. The pH levels of germination media had significant effect on the NS (P<0.01), AS (P<0.01), RL (P<0.05), ShL (P<0.01), SeL (P<0.01), FW (P<0.01) and SVI (P<0.05). The lowest GE, G, NS, ShL, SeL, FW and SVI were found at pH 4. Also, the highest DIS, HS and AS were found at pH 4. The genotype had significant effect on HS (P<0.01), RL (P<0.01), ShL (P<0.01), SeL (P<0.01), FW (P<0.01) and SVI (P<0.01). Genotype and pH levels of germination media did not affect on GE, G, DIS and DW significantly.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of red clover seedlings in relation to salt stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mandic ◽  
V. Krnjaja ◽  
Z. Bijelic ◽  
Z. Tomic ◽  
A. Simic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Sterile Plastic

Red clover is highly salt-sensitive plant, especially during germination and early seedling growth stages. The aim of this investigation was to estimate the effects of different saline conditions (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200mM NaCl) on germination and early seedling growth in four red clover varieties (Kolubara, K-32, K-17 and K-39). Germination test was conducted in the laboratory conditions using sterile plastic vessels on filter paper moistened with 10ml of the appropriate salt test solutions. It was observed that the germination energy (GE), germination (G), percentage of dead or infected seeds (DIS), normal seedlings (NS), root length (RL), shoot length (ShL), fresh weight (FW) and dry weight of seedling (DW) and seedling vigor index (SVI) were significantly decreased with increasing concentrations of NaCl in the growing medium. The tested varieties of red clover showed different NaCl tolerance at the seedling stage. Generally, studied red clover varieties are very sensitive to salt, especially K-32 which has the lowest values for GE, G, NS and SVI and highest for DIS. Variety K-17 proved to be a variety that the best tolerates conditions of salt stress because the values for GE, G, NS, RL and SVI were highest. Testing of varieties of red clover in the early seedling growth at different concentrations of NaCl in the growing medium could be helpful in the identification and selection of varieties for cultivation on saline soils.

scholarly journals The influence of genotype and osmotic stress on germination and seedling of maize

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mandic ◽  
Z. Bijelic ◽  
V. Krnjaja ◽  
Z. Tomic ◽  
A. Simic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Sterile Plastic

The aim of this research was to estimate the influence of different NaCl osmotic solutions (0, -0.3 MPa, -0.6 MPa, -0.9 MPa, -1.2 MPa, -1.5 MPa) on seed germination, and early seedling growth in two maize hybrid different maturity groups (ZP 560 - FAO 500 and ZP 666 - FAO 600). Germination was tested in sterile plastic vessels on filter paper moistened with different NaCl solutions, in the dark at 20 ? 1?C, in laboratory. Results of ANOVA indicated that hybrid ZP 666 had significantly higher root length (RL) (6.37 cm), shoot length (ShL) (2.06 cm), shoot fresh weight (ShFW) (43.86 mg), root dry weight (RDW) (7.56 mg), shoot dry weight (ShDW) (5.97 mg), seedling vigor index (SVI) (706.55) and dry matter stress tolerance index (DMSI) (55.85%) than hybrid ZP 560 (4.18 cm, 1.14 cm, 32.50 mg, 6.54 mg, 4.15 mg, 457.61 and 48.86%, respectively). Contrary, hybrid ZP 560 had significantly higher relative seedling water content (RSWC) (83.83%) and phytotoxicity of shoot (PhSh) (69.77%) than hybrid ZP 666 (81.16% and 62.51%, respectively). Generally, hybrid ZP 666 had better tolerance to salt stress than hybrid ZP 560. Germination energy (GE), germination (G), RL, ShL, root fresh weight (RFW), ShFW, RDW, ShDW, rate germination index (RGI), SVI, RSWC and DMSI were significantly decreased with the increase in osmotic stress induced by NaCl. Contrary, phytotoxicity of root (PhR) and PhSh significantly increased with the increase in osmotic stress.

scholarly journals Growth and Biochemical Variations in Macrotyloma Uniflorum Var. Madhu Under Chromium Stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpee Dhali ◽  
, Madhusmit, Pradhan ◽  
Ranjan Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Chinmay Pradhan ◽  
Santanu Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Process ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

The discharge of contaminated mining and industrial residues has become a major cause of environmental pollution. Seed is highly protective against external metal stresses. But they are highly sensitive during vegetative developmental process. In this study, germination was conducted in Macrotyloma uniflorum var. Madhu, in order to find out the effect of chromium toxicity on germination, growth and biochemical variations. The seeds were germinated in five different concentrations of chromium (25ìM, 50ìM, 100ìM, 150ìM and 200 ìM) solution. The hydroponically grown plants revealed the toxic phenotypic expression (root length, shoot length, seedling length, shoot vigor index, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight) of plant after 3 growth stage (15 d, 30 d and 45 d). Similarly biochemical characteristics as well as antioxidant activities (Chlorophyll, carotenoid, carbohydrate, reducing sugar, catalase, proline content and peroxidase) were studied to see the toxic effect of chromium.

scholarly journals Evaluation of allelopathic effect of Carthamus Oxyacantha against wheat and maize seed germination

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 814-818
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Powder Extract

Effect of Carthamusoxyacantha powder aqueous extract on seed germination of Wheat and Maize were studied. Powder extract of 3g, 6g and 9g of concentration were soaked in distilled water for 12 Hrs, 24 Hrs and 36 Hrs of time. The seeds of Wheat and Maize were germinated in Petri dishes. Control was maintained by watering the seeds with distilled water. The highest values for germination percentage, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, seedling length, vigor index and seedling weight vigor index were recorded in control of wheat the above parameter decreased with increasing concentration and timing. While in maize highest values for the above parameters were recorded in treatments as compared to control.

scholarly journals Effect of waste water treated with TiO2 nanoparticles on early seedling growth of Zea mays L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonila Yaqoob ◽  
Faizan Ullah ◽  
Sultan Mehmood ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Mohib Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

Abstract The present investigation was to determine the effect of nano-TiO2 (2 to 6 nm) and waste water on early seedling growth of maize. The suspensions of nano-TiO2 either in deionized water or autoclaved waste water were applied at 100 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 25 mg/L under in vitro conditions. Analyses of waste water showed that it was not suitable for irrigation purposes as it had a higher content of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cr and Cu) which were above permissible levels for irrigation. The higher concentration of nano-TiO2 (100 mg/L) and waste water significantly inhibited seed germination, seedling growth and caused accumulation of phenolics in maize plants (p &lt; 0.05). The application of nano-TiO2 at 25 mg/L significantly increased shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids content (p &lt; 0.05). The adverse effects of waste water on growth attributes of maize were significantly ameliorated by nano-TiO2 at 25 mg/L (p &lt; 0.05). The treatment of waste water with nano-TiO2 (25 mg/L) is recommended before its utilization for agriculture purposes.

scholarly journals Impact of mixing treated industrial water with olive mill wastewater on vetch (Vicia sativa L.) germination and early seedling growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Naji K. Al Mefleh ◽  
Maher J. Tadros ◽  
Jalal A. Al tabbal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Olive Mill

Vetch is a forage crop that is widely grown in high rainfall areas in Jordan for forage production and grazing. Growing vetch species out of the season will need irrigation, which is very expensive. In here, we propose application of wastewater or olive mill wastewater as alternative to the fresh water. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of diluting the industrial water (IND) with olive mill wastewater (OMWW) on the vetch germination (GR) and early seedling growth under controlled conditions. The water treatments consisted of T1 (pure IND100%), T2 (mix of IND75% + OMWW25%), T3 (IND50% + OMWW50%), T4 (IND25% + OMWW75%) and T5 (pure OMWW100%) and tap water (control). This experiment was designed in a CRD with three replications for each treatment. Several measurements on the morphological and biochemical analysis were taken during this study such as seed germination (GR), as well as the seedlings fresh weight of shoot (FWS), dry weight of shoot (DWS), fresh weight of shoot (FWR), dry weight of root (DWR), shoot length (SL), root length (RL) and the ratios of DWS/DWR and SL/RL. The water treatments had a significant influence on data taken, in which the highest mean values of morphological characteristics were obtained under the T1, while the lowest were obtained under the T5 due to high phenols concentrations. The OMWW treatment showed an adverse effect on GR, DWS, DWR, SL, and RL due to low pH values (4.5) and high phenols concentration (1700 mg/L). In contrast, the industrial water showed low to moderate effect on the vetch seed germination. The means of DWS and DWR under T3 and T4 were not significantly different from each other but were different comparing with control. It is recommended that the use of a mixture of OMWW and the Industrial water will have a positive effect on Vetch growth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Seed Emergence, Seedling Vigor Enhancement of Some Populations from Satureja bachtiarica with Chemical, Mechanical and Physiological Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
M. A. Alizadeh ◽  
H.A. Arab ◽  
R. Tabaie ◽  
M. Nasiri ◽  
A.A. Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Satureja Bachtiarica

Abstract The seeds of 3 populations from Satureja bachtiarica were collected from three native vegetation areas (Simirom2, Sharkord and Yazd). The different treatments including: cold stratification, gibberlic acid (50 and 100 ppm) Potassium nitrate (0.2 and 0.4 percent). Physical scarification (sand paper), chemical scarification (Ethylic alcohol %70) and distilled water (control) were used for breaking dormancy of the seed samples. For greenhouse experiment, the seed samples were treated with treatments and then were sown in pots using randomize design with three replications. Emergence percentage, emergence speed, length of root and shoot, seedling length, root/shoot length ratio, vigor index, seedling fresh and dry weight, dry/fresh weight ratio were evaluated during 45 days of experiment. Comparing of population Semirom2 form savory of Bachtiary was higher than other population. It was concluded that effect of gibberlic acid and potassium nitrate was higher than physical scarification and chemical scarification comparing with control.

scholarly journals Imbibition, Germination, and Early Seedling Growth Responses of Light Purple and Yellow Seeds of Red Clover to Distilled Water, Sodium Chloride, and Nutrient Solution

Sci ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Costa ◽  
Luís Dias ◽  
Alexandra Dias
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Seed Imbibition ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

The seeds of red clover are heteromorphic and two color morphs can be visually recognized, light purple and yellow, resulting from heterozygosity and recessive homozygosity at two loci. Here, we report the responses of seed imbibition, seed germination, and early seedling growth of the two morphs to distilled water, sodium chloride, and complete nutrient solution. The sensitivityof red clover seeds to treatments increased with the stage of development in what seems to be a cumulative process. No differences were found in seed imbibition between morphs or between treatments. In seedling growth, on the contrary, treatments were always effective, but differences between morphs were only observed in seeds that were treated with nutrient solution, whereas in the intermediate stage of seed germination, the effects by treatments were observed together with the appearance of differences between morphs in distilled water and in the treatment by sodium chloride solution. Simultaneously, the superior performance of the yellow morph that was found in germination, which appears to be a trait stable across cultivars of red clover seeds, turned into a superior performance of the light purple morph in seedling growth.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Extract Originated from Different Part of Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) on Growth of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Alireza PIRZAD ◽  
Mousa JAMALI ◽  
Mohammad Amin ZAREH ◽  
Fahime SHOKRANI
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Russian Knapweed ◽  
Seedling Length

To evaluate probable allelopathic effect of water extract originated from different parts of russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) on growth of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at greenhouse condition in 2011. Treatments were water extract concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent) obtained from different part of russian knapweed (aerial part, flower and root). Results showed the significant effect of extract type on seedling length, and extract concentration on shoot length, root length and seedling length. Interaction effect between extract type and concentration on the ratio of root/shoot length, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight and germination percentage was significant, too. Means comparison indicated that the longest root (3.55 cm), shoot (4.65 cm) and seedling (8.20 cm) were obtained from control treatment, reducing with higher concentration of extract. The longest shoot (6.95 cm) belonged to extract originated from russian knapweed flowers. The highest ratio of root/shoot length (0.73), seedling fresh weight (0.61g) and seedling dry weight (0.044 g) belonged to control treatment. In general, increasing of extract concentration caused in reduction of germination and seedling traits. Meanwhile, extracts of aerial part had more sever reducing effect than root and flower extracts.

Physiological response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at early seedling stage under salt stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Mann ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Satish Kumar Sanwal ◽  
Jogendra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

Screening of chickpea lines for salt tolerance through seed germination and early seedling growth is crucial for their evaluation. Seeds of 30 chickpea genotypes were germinated on a sand bed irrigated with saline (3, 6, 9, 12 dS/m) and control solutions upto 30 days. At the early seedling stage (25-30 days), germination percentage, chlorophyll content, proline, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were found to be affected due to salinity. Salt tolerance index (STI) for plant biomass maintained a significant correlation with chlorophyll, proline, shoot length, and root length, which indicated that these parameters could be used as selection criteria for screening chickpea genotypes against salt stress. Significant differences in shoot length, root length, and seedling dry weight in 30-day-old seedlings were observed among selected chickpea genotypes as well. From the overall observation of germination characterstics and early seedling growth, it is concluded that the chickpea genotypes, HC-1, HC-5, ICC 867, ICC 5003, H-10-41 showed better salt tolerance as compared to the available salt tolerant check variety.

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