scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activities and Identification of Chemical Compound from Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb) Havil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laela Nur Anisah ◽  
Wasrin Syafii ◽  
Gustan Pari ◽  
Rita Kartika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Isopropyl Myristate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) is one of a pioneer indigenous fast growing species in Indonesia which have been used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The objectives were to determine the yield extract, to analyze their antidiabetic activity by inhibition assay for α-glucosidase enzyme activity and chemical analysis with GCMS. Extraction of leaves, bark and wood samples were done by using ethanol 95%. Fractionation the most active  ethanol extract was conducted by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The yield of ethanol extracts in leaves, bark and wood were 13.90%, 12.87%, and 2.18% respectively. Based on antidiabetic activity assay, the bark ethanol extract was the most active extract by the IC50 value of 5.86 μg mL-1. Phytochemical analysis on bark ethanol extracts showed that they contained flavonoid, quinon, triterpenoid, saponin and tannin which were assumed have high contribution in antidiabetic activities. The result of fractionation ethanol extract bark showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction (IC50 6.82 μg mL-1). GCMS analysis indicated the presence of dominant phenolic compounds such as pyrocatechol, antiarol, isopropyl myristate and phenol in which were suspected have antidiabetic activity. These results strongly suggested that ethyl acetate fraction of Samama bark was a potential natural source for antidiabetic agents.

Antioxidant Activity, Inhibition α-Glucosidase of Ethanol Extract of Strychnos nitida G. Don and Identification of Active Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Stefani Dhale Rale ◽  
Hasim Hasim ◽  
Syamsul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

This study aims to find the treatment of diabetes using natural materials by exploring plants in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. his research was conducted out by extracting the Strychnos nitida G.Don stem using a method of maceration by ethanol 70%. Ethanol extract was then fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Simplicia from maceration and fractionation results were then tested for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and identification of active compounds. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the lowest IC50 value of 86.83 μg / ml. Results of the α-glucosidase activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction and n-heksan fraction at 900 ppm had the highest percentage of inhibition of 34.23% and 33.89%. Identification using LCMS/MS method showed that ethyl acetate fraction consist of Benzenemethamine, N, N-dioctyl- as an antioxidantcompound and compound 24-methyl-5-cholestone-hexol as an antidiabetic compound. From the results of this study, we concluded that the extract of kayu ular Strychnos nitida G.Don stem has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of Psychotria viridis Ruiz & Pavon on the germination and initial growth of Lactuca sativa L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Amanda O. Andrade ◽  
Maria A. P. Da Silva ◽  
Alison H. De Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Aurelio F. Dos Santos ◽  
Lilian C. S. Vandesmet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The effects of aqueous and ethanol extracts and leaf fractions of <em>Psychotria viridis</em> Ruiz &amp; Pavon (chacrona) at different concentrations on the germination and initial growth of <em>Lactuca sativa</em> L. were tested, and the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of these extracts and fractions were assessed. The bioassays consisted of the following treatments: crude aqueous extract (CAE) at 25, 50, 75 and 100% concentration, crude ethanol extract (CEE) and ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and methanol fractions at 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100% concentration and a control group. All treatments consisted of five replicates. The CAE, CEE and the ethyl acetate fraction of <em>P. viridis</em> caused both positive and negative effects on the seeds and seedlings of <em>L. sativa</em>.<em> </em>By contrast, the dichloromethane and methanol fractions only caused negative effects on <em>L. sativa</em>. The following compounds were identified in the extracts and fractions: gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, orientin, vitexin, quercetin, apigenin, rutin and luteolin, and the presence of the alkaloid N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) has also been reported in the literature. <em>P. viridis</em> had allelopathic effects in all types of plant extracts and fractions tested, and one of these compounds or their combined action may account for these effects.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Test of Extract and Fraction of Dendrophtoe Pentandra (L) Miq on T47D Cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Masayu Farah Diba ◽  
Salni Salni ◽  
Subandrate Subandrate
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
T47d Cell ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ethanol Fraction

Indonesia has a variety of plants that have the potential for medicine. One of the plants used by the community as a drug with anticancer effects is Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water ethanol fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq on T47D breast cancer cells. The cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water ethanol fraction were carried out by MTT assay method using series concentration. Cytotoxic effects were assessed by calculating IC50 values using linear equations. Phytochemical test showed that Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq contained saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins. The IC50 value of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water ethanol fraction were 417.506 μg/mL, 233.617 μg/mL, and 2748.357 μg/mL, respectively. The smaller the IC50 value means that the compound is more active. Water ethanol fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq does not have a cytotoxic effect, whereas ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq have cytotoxic effects in the medium strength category. The content of flavonoids and saponins in ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq is thought to play role in causing T47D cell death. Cytotoxic effects of ethyl acetate fraction are stronger than ethanol extracts.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIALS OF DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OF MAYTENUS HEYNEANA ROOT EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Sumithira G ◽  
Senthil Kumar Gp
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cation Radical ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes

Objective: In an attempt to explore herbal drug which may become useful in the prevention of diabetes and antioxidant potential by the ethanol extracts of Maytenus heyneana (MH) root belonging to the family Celastraceae and their different fractions were studied.Methods: Different fractionation was done using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol on ethanolic extract of MH and preliminary phytochemical analysis was done by standard methods to identify the presence of important compounds. In vitro antioxidants activities were carried by 2,2-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) cation radical scavenging assays. For antidiabetic potential, α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory studies were carried on different fractions.Results: Phytochemical studies show the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, cardiac glycosides, and terpenoids in all fractionations; however, tannins and quinones were present in ethyl acetate fraction and saponins in methanolic fraction. For antioxidant activity, ethyl acetate fraction shows concentration of the sample causing 50% inhibition (IC50) values in 22.31 μg/ml and methanolic fraction shows in 12.82 μg/ml concentrations for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay, respectively. In case of antidiabetic activity, methanolic fraction offered significant result in inhibitory action of α-glucosidase and also for α-amylase assay IC50 (5.28 and 3.14 μg/ml) than other fractions.Conclusion: From the results of our studies, it can be concluded that MH shows antidiabetic and antioxidant values and methanolic fraction of MH could be possessed potential constituents in the prevention of diabetes and antioxidant than other fractions. However, further studies are required to validate.

scholarly journals Determination of Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid and Antioxidant Activity of Karamunting Leaves (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk) Extract and Fraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Rahma Dona
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Ic50 Value

Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk) is a family of Myrtaceae which has been used by the community as traditional medicine. The purpose of this research is determine total phenolic and total flavonoid level and test antioxidant activity of Karamunting Leaves. Determination of total phenolic using gallic acid standard by the Folin Ciocalteu method. The results obtained total phenolic in water fraction of 99 mgGAE/g, ethanol extract 94,1 mgGAE/g, ethyl acetate fraction 83,3 mgGAE/g and n-hexane fraction 41,4 mgGAE/g. Determination of total flavonoid using standard quersetin with AlCL3 complex formation method, the results obtained total flavonoid in water fraction of 156,8 mgQE/g, ethanol extract 192,6 mgQE/g, ethyl acetate fraction 89,4 mgQE/g and n-hexane fraction 31,3 mgQE/g. Determination of antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical capture test (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), the results obtained in water fraction with IC50 value 15,02 µg/mL, ethanol extract 14,06 µg/mL, ethyl acetate fraction 14,48 µg/mL with very strong activity of antioxidant, whereas in the n-hexane fraction was categorized as weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 264,02 µg/mL.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ALFA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF RUELLIA TUBEROSA

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4A) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Dung Tien Le
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Folk Remedy

ABSTRACT-HCTN75Rullia tuberosa L. is a folk remedy in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, anti inflammation and diuretic agent. However, its hypoglycemic activity has not been investigated so far. In the present study, the antidiabetic activity of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fraction of crude ethanolic extract of this plant were investigated. Our preliminary results showed that the crude ethanol extract as well as ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of Ruellia tuberosa showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 15.84, 4.73 and 8.27 µg/ml, respectively. From the ethyl acetate extract of whole plant of Rullia tuberosa, four compounds, including rutin (1), syringaresinol (2), catechin (3) and pulmatin (4) were isolated and identified by column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic method including MS, 1D and 2D- NMR and comparison with the literature values.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antidiabetic Activities of Extract and Isolated Flavonoid Compounds from Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspa Dewi Narrij Lotulung ◽  
Tjandrawati Mozef ◽  
Chandra Risdian ◽  
Akhmad Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Mechanism Of Inhibition ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The antidiabetic activity test through a mechanism of inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme was studied against ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of ethanol extract of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) leaves and four flavonoid compounds isolated from ethyl acetate extracts of A. altilis. Ethyl acetate fraction has strongest antidiabetic activity compared to ethanol, n-hexane, and n-butanol fractions with IC50values5.98,6.79, 440.18and14.42μg/mL, respectively. Four flavonoid compounds (1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[8-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]-1-propanone (AC-31), 2-geranyl-2',3,4,4'-tetrahydroxy dihydrochalcone (AC-51), 8-geranyl-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone (AC-33) andcyclocommunol (AA-3), have been isolated from ethylacetate fraction. AC-31 was the strongest antidiabetic compound compared to AC-51, AC-33 and cyclocommunolwithIC50values are 15.73, 24.41,49.49,and72.20μg/mL. Kineticstudies of AC-31 using Lineweaver-Burk method showed that inhibition mechanism of enzymeα-glucosidase was anon-competitivetype.

scholarly journals Kandungan Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total Daun Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg sebagai Kandidat Obat Antidiabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Megawati Megawati ◽  
Sofa Fajriah ◽  
Edi Supriadi ◽  
Galuh Widiyarti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Ic50 Value

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the non communicable diseases (NCDs) with the largest number of deaths in the world. The Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg is a source of phenolic compounds. Phenolic is grouped as polyphenols group that widely functioned as antidiabetic. The α-glucosidase enzyme plays a role in the forming of glycoproteins and glycolipids. The α-glucosidase enzyme can be used for antidiabetic activity assay because of its capability on breaking down carbohydrate into glucose in the human small intestine. This study aimed to determine phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antidiabetic activity of M. hispida leaves extract and its fraction. The extract and fraction were tested for the phenolic levels using Folin-Ciocalteau method, the total flavonoid using alumunium chloride method, and the antidiabetic activity using α-glukosidase method. The yield of methanolic extract of the Macaranga hispida was 10.23%. Phenolic content of the ethyl acetate fraction from the methanolic extract was 8.411 mg, equivalent to gallic acid/100 mg extract. Total flavonoid content was 6.14 ± 0.31b/b μg/mL. Antidiabetic activity assay of the extract and the fractions of Macaranga hispida resulted the highest antidiabetic activity (IC50) was in the ethyl acetate fraction with IC50 value 21.91 μg / mL.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TAUCO ETHANOL EXTRACT AND ITS FRACTIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sandra Megantara ◽  
Wiwiek Indriyati ◽  
Ade Zuchrotun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Ic50 Value

Objective: To investigate antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening of ethanol extract, fractions of water, ethyl acetate and n-hexane from tauco.Methods: Two types of tauco was extracted using soxhletation methods, followed by fractionation using liquid-liquid extraction methods and phytochemical screening. Antioxidant activity test was carried out using DPPH with Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) as a reference. Modified method of Farnsworth was applied for phytochemical screening.Results: It was found that extracts of ethanol and ethyl acetate fraction containing flavonoids, monoterpenoid, and sesquiterpenoids whereas the water fraction and a fraction of n-hexane only contain monoterpenes and sesquiterpenoids. The IC50 value for the ethanol extract, water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane fractions of two taucos in a row were 1192.71 ppm, 1746.01 ppm, 722.38 ppm, 1845.45 ppm and 1190,15 ppm, 1740.30, 710.46, for tauco A and B respectively.Conclusion: It was unexpected that tauco ethanol extract and fractions showed much weaker antioxidant activity than vitamin C, which had the IC50 value of 4.41 ppm. 

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