scholarly journals In Vitro Antidiabetic Activities of Extract and Isolated Flavonoid Compounds from Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspa Dewi Narrij Lotulung ◽  
Tjandrawati Mozef ◽  
Chandra Risdian ◽  
Akhmad Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Mechanism Of Inhibition ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The antidiabetic activity test through a mechanism of inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme was studied against ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of ethanol extract of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) leaves and four flavonoid compounds isolated from ethyl acetate extracts of A. altilis. Ethyl acetate fraction has strongest antidiabetic activity compared to ethanol, n-hexane, and n-butanol fractions with IC50values5.98,6.79, 440.18and14.42μg/mL, respectively. Four flavonoid compounds (1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[8-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]-1-propanone (AC-31), 2-geranyl-2',3,4,4'-tetrahydroxy dihydrochalcone (AC-51), 8-geranyl-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone (AC-33) andcyclocommunol (AA-3), have been isolated from ethylacetate fraction. AC-31 was the strongest antidiabetic compound compared to AC-51, AC-33 and cyclocommunolwithIC50values are 15.73, 24.41,49.49,and72.20μg/mL. Kineticstudies of AC-31 using Lineweaver-Burk method showed that inhibition mechanism of enzymeα-glucosidase was anon-competitivetype.

scholarly journals Identification of Bioactive Compounds and α-Glucosidase Inhibition Activity of Caesalpinia bonduc Seed Extract In vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Oczhinvia Dwitasari ◽  
Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno ◽  
Mega Safithri
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Positive Results

This study is aimed for finding alternative ways to treat diabetes. Many studies have beendone before, but focused on identification of α-glucosidase inhibition mechanism. This study wasconducted by extracting Caesalpinia bonduc seed using two methods maceration by ethanol 96%and the others boil by water. The ethanol extract was then fractioned into three fractions, n-hexane,ethyl acetate, and ethanol. To find the bioactive compounds, the ethanol extract was then tested byseveral phytochemistry tests. The phytochemistry test showed positive results for alkaloid, flavonoid,saponin and triterpenoid. The inhibition mechanism was tested using pNPG. The inhibition testshown that the mechanism was a competitive inhibition, by the Dixon plot. The calculated inhibitionconcentrations for 50% substrate (IC50) for ethyl acetate fraction are 1655.8079 μg/ml for 5 mMsubstrate and 803.9521 μg/ml for 10 mM substrate. From the results of this study, we concluded thatthe extract of Caesalpinia bonduc has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme. Keywords: α-glucosidase inhibition, Caesalpinia bonduc seed extract, diabetes treatment

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activities and Identification of Chemical Compound from Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb) Havil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laela Nur Anisah ◽  
Wasrin Syafii ◽  
Gustan Pari ◽  
Rita Kartika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Isopropyl Myristate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) is one of a pioneer indigenous fast growing species in Indonesia which have been used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The objectives were to determine the yield extract, to analyze their antidiabetic activity by inhibition assay for α-glucosidase enzyme activity and chemical analysis with GCMS. Extraction of leaves, bark and wood samples were done by using ethanol 95%. Fractionation the most active  ethanol extract was conducted by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The yield of ethanol extracts in leaves, bark and wood were 13.90%, 12.87%, and 2.18% respectively. Based on antidiabetic activity assay, the bark ethanol extract was the most active extract by the IC50 value of 5.86 μg mL-1. Phytochemical analysis on bark ethanol extracts showed that they contained flavonoid, quinon, triterpenoid, saponin and tannin which were assumed have high contribution in antidiabetic activities. The result of fractionation ethanol extract bark showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction (IC50 6.82 μg mL-1). GCMS analysis indicated the presence of dominant phenolic compounds such as pyrocatechol, antiarol, isopropyl myristate and phenol in which were suspected have antidiabetic activity. These results strongly suggested that ethyl acetate fraction of Samama bark was a potential natural source for antidiabetic agents.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity ofPterospermum acerifoliumFlowers and Glucose Uptake Potential of Bioactive Fraction in L6 Muscle Cell Lines with Its HPLC Fingerprint

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathinavelusamy Paramaguru ◽  
Papiya Mitra Mazumder ◽  
Dinakar Sasmal ◽  
Venkatesan Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint

The present study was designed to estimate the detailed antidiabetic activity ofPterospermum acerifolium(L.) Willd flowers.In vitroalpha amylase inhibition study was carried out on 50% ethanol extract of flowers (PAFEE) and its various fractions. The active ethyl acetate fraction (PAFEF) was subfractionated into three subfractions (PAFE1, PAFE2, and PAFE3) and subjected to acute toxicity studies followed by antidiabetic screeningin vivoby streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type II diabetes. Diabetic animals treated with PAFE2 (30 mg/kg) reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose, significantly (P<0.001) compared to that of diabetic control animals. Histological studies on drug treated groups did not show remarkable positive changes inβ-cells. PAFE2 showed32.6±1.93% glucose uptake over control and, in the presence of PI3K inhibitor wortmannin, declined to13.7±2.51%. HPLC analysis of PAFE2 reveals the presence of quercetin and apigenin as major constituents and both are inhibiting the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme in molecular modelling studies. The study evidenced strongly that the probable glucose lowering mechanism of action of active subfraction PAFE2 is by increasing the glucose uptake in peripheral tissues and by inhibition of gluconeogenesis.

scholarly journals Aktivitas In Vitro Penurun Gula Darah dari Ekstrak Buah Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa B.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Rissa Vifta ◽  
NFN Wilantika ◽  
Yustisia Dian Advistasari
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Diabetes mellitus is one of the highest causes of death in the world, with symptoms of increased blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). One of the efforts made as a treatment and prevention of DM is through complementary therapy using natural ingredients. Parijoto fruit (<em>Medinilla speciosa</em>) contains flavonoid compounds potential to reduce glucose levels. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of ethanol extracts and its fractions of parijoto fruit (EEBP) to decrease glucose levels in vitro. The study was conducted at the Ngudi Waluyo University Laboratory in April to August 2018. Identification and screening of flavonoid compounds from ethanol extracts and its fractions of parijoto fruit were performed qualitatively and by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). <em>In vitro</em> testing for  antidiabetic activity of EEBP was performed with non-enzymatic reaction by Nelson Somogyi method (ethanol extract and its fractions). Experiment  was arranged in a randomized block design, with 12 treatments and three replications. The concentrations of parijoto fruit tested were 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm, 50 ppm, and 60 ppm. The results of qualitative identification and TLC showed that the ethanol extract and its fraction of EEBP contained flavonoid compounds. At a concentration of 30 ppm, EEBP was able to reduce glucose levels by 42.43 %, while the ethanol fraction decreased glucose levels by 83.38 %. The results showed parijoto fruit ethanol extract and its fractions were sources of antidiabetic. Hence its pharmacologically effect was necessary to be further studied.

scholarly journals Screening Bioactivity of Kersen Fruits (Muntingia calabura L.) as a Sunscreens Candidate

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Syamsu Nur ◽  
Nursamsiar Nursamsiar ◽  
Muhammad Aswad ◽  
Aprilia Ester Eunike Tumigolung ◽  
Risfah Yulianti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kersen (Muntingia calabura L) fruits have the potential to be used as an active ingredient in sunscreens because of phenolic and flavonoid content that can absorb UV rays. This study aims to determine the percentage of erythema/pigmentation transmission and SPF value as parameters for sunscreen activity.  Kersen fruits were extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol. The ethanol extract of Kersen Fruits was also fractionated to separate the components of the active compounds based on the polarity level using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as solvents. The test was carried out using the in vitro method by measuring the ability of the material to absorb ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 292.5-372.5 nm. This research was conducted at concentrations of 100, 200, 400, 600, and  800 µg/mL for ethanol, lyophilisate, n-hexane, and ethanol fractions, while the ethyl acetate fraction concentrations are 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 µg/mL. The results showed the best value at the ethyl acetate fraction concentration of 250 µg/mL with % Te of 5.28 and % Tp of 28.65 and the SPF value of 16.54. Based on the % Te and Tp, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited protection against erythema and pigmentation with the category of extra protection and based on the SPF value with the category of ultra protection.

Chemical composition, antioxidant, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, anticholinesterase and photoprotective activities of the aerial parts of Schinus molle L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha M. Bouhenna ◽  
Chawki Bensouici ◽  
Latifa Khattabi ◽  
Farid Chebrouk ◽  
Nabil Mameri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Sun Protection Factor

Background: Schinus molle L. is a medicinal and aromatic plant widely used in folk medicine commonly found in Algeria and Mediterranean region. In the present work, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, αglucosidase inhibitory and photoprotective potentials of the Schinus molle L. plant’s extract/fractions. The metabolite profile of Schinus molle L. was analyzed using RP-HPLC and GC-MS. Methods: Antioxidant activity was assessed using different tests. Anticholinesterase activity was investigated by quantifying the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. Antidiabetic activity was investigated by αglucosidase inhibition test, whereas photoprotective activity was evaluated by sun protection factor (SPF) using spectrophotometry UV-Vis. The extracts were then submitted to RP-HPLC–PDA and GC–MS analysis. Results: Ethyl acetate and buthanol fractions with high contents of total phenolics and flavonoids exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited considerable enzyme inhibition potential on acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase with percentages of inhibition of 99.08 ± 0.79 %, 100 % and 98.80 ± 0.18 % respectively. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction showed high photoprotective activity with the sun protection factor (SPF) value = 38,26 ± 0.73. Three phenolic acids (gallic, tannic and vanillic acids) and five flavonoids (myricetin, apigenin, naringenin, rutin and quercetin) were identified with RP-HPLC–PDA. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Schinus molle L. may be useful in the development of an alternative agent for oxidative stress, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and could be used as a natural sunscreen in pharmaceutics or cosmetic formulations.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of extracts, fractions and isolated substances from the flowers of Acacia podalyriifolia A. Cunn. ex G. Don

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Alexandra de Andrade ◽  
João Luiz de Souza Carvalho ◽  
Miriam Machado Cunico ◽  
Ana Luísa Lacava Lordello ◽  
Carmen Etsuko Kataoka Higaskino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenol Content

The extracts and fractions from the flowers of A. podalyriifolia were analyzed previously for antibacterial activity using diffusion in disk, Antioxidant properties were evaluated by determining radical scavenging power (DPPH test) and total phenol content was measured (Folin method). The present study describes the in vitro antibacterial (determining minimum inhibitory concentration) and antioxidant activities (by thiobarbituric acid reactive species - TBARS method) for the ethanol extract, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions and two flavanones (naringenin and 5-β-D-glycosyl-naringenin) isolated from the flowers of Acacia podalyriifolia A. Cunn. ex G. Don. The flavanones naringenin and 5-β-D-glycosyl-naringenin had not previously been obtained from this species. The most effective antibacterial activity was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction (MIC=0.25 mg mL-1 against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, MIC = 0.125 mg mL-1 against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12229, MIC=0.5 mg mL-1 against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 43071). The evaluated samples showed antioxidant activity on the TBARS test, especially for ethanol extract (1000 ppm), which was the most active (29.43% ± 0.65) followed by ethyl acetate fraction (1000 ppm, 24.84% ± 1,28), both demonstrating higher activity than that presented by ascorbic acid (1000 ppm, 21.73% ± 1.77), although lower than the BHT (1000 ppm 35.15% ± 3.42), both reference compounds. Naringenin and 5-β-D-glycosyl-naringenin demonstrated antioxidant action, but only naringenin inhibited the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals In vitro antidiabetic potentials, antioxidant activities and phytochemical profile of african black pepper (Piper guineense)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Sulaimon ◽  
E. O. Anise ◽  
E. M. Obuotor ◽  
T. A. Samuel ◽  
A. I. Moshood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Butanol Fraction

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism and management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. The present study investigated chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of different fractions of 80% methanol Piper guineense leaves extract. Materials and methods The crude methanolic extract of P. guineense was obtained following 80% methanol cold extraction and was successively partitioned with dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (nBuOH) and aqueous solvents to give four fractions. The chemical composition of the fractions from P. guineense was determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and their potentials as antioxidant and anti-diabetes were evaluated. Results The percentage yields were 3.16, 2.22, 0.68 and 0.66% (w/w) in n-butanol, DCM, aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of P. guineense methanolic extract, respectively. The GC-MS analyses identified a total of 71 and 34 phytochemicals in n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. Tributyl acetylcitrate (10.95%) and phytol (9.11%) were the major components in the n-butanol fraction while ethyl piperonyl cyanoacetate (27.35%) and phytol (15.17%) were the major constituents in the ethyl acetate fraction. Ethyl acetate fraction had the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power with a value of 53.96 ± 0.40 mgAAE/g while n-butanol fraction possessed highest total antioxidant power (9.98 ± 0.15) followed by aqueous fraction (9.72 ± 0.02). The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions with IC50 value of 0.24 ± 0.07 and 0.83 ± 0.15 μg/mL respectively elicited significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase while only n-butanol fraction (IC50 = 0.33 ± 0.09 μg/ml) exhibited appreciable inhibition against α-amylase activity. However, none of the four fractions showed significant inhibitory activity towards dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV. Conclusion n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of 80% methanol P. guineense leaves extract can be a potential source of bioactive compounds of pharmacological importance in the management of diabetes.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIALS OF DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OF MAYTENUS HEYNEANA ROOT EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Sumithira G ◽  
Senthil Kumar Gp
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cation Radical ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes

Objective: In an attempt to explore herbal drug which may become useful in the prevention of diabetes and antioxidant potential by the ethanol extracts of Maytenus heyneana (MH) root belonging to the family Celastraceae and their different fractions were studied.Methods: Different fractionation was done using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol on ethanolic extract of MH and preliminary phytochemical analysis was done by standard methods to identify the presence of important compounds. In vitro antioxidants activities were carried by 2,2-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) cation radical scavenging assays. For antidiabetic potential, α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory studies were carried on different fractions.Results: Phytochemical studies show the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, cardiac glycosides, and terpenoids in all fractionations; however, tannins and quinones were present in ethyl acetate fraction and saponins in methanolic fraction. For antioxidant activity, ethyl acetate fraction shows concentration of the sample causing 50% inhibition (IC50) values in 22.31 μg/ml and methanolic fraction shows in 12.82 μg/ml concentrations for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay, respectively. In case of antidiabetic activity, methanolic fraction offered significant result in inhibitory action of α-glucosidase and also for α-amylase assay IC50 (5.28 and 3.14 μg/ml) than other fractions.Conclusion: From the results of our studies, it can be concluded that MH shows antidiabetic and antioxidant values and methanolic fraction of MH could be possessed potential constituents in the prevention of diabetes and antioxidant than other fractions. However, further studies are required to validate.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fraction and Active Compounds of Momordica Balsamina L. on Bacteria Salmonella Typhi Causing Salmonellosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Aryanti Aryanti ◽  
Rinda Lamdayani
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Equivalence Test ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds

Salmonella typhi is one of the bacteria that causes typhus. The handling of typhus by bacteria generally requires the provision of antibacterial substances, namely antibiotics. Excessive and irrational use of antibiotics causes bacteria to be resistant so that over time the benefits of using antibiotics will decrease. Pare leaves are an alternative treatment for various diseases, one of which is antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of bitter melon leaf fractions and active compounds against Salmonella typhi bacteria with various concentrations. This study was a laboratory experimental study through in vitro. The subjects in this research were Salmonella typhi bacteria. The results of this study indicated that the concentration of ethyl acetate fraction is a strong fraction between n-hexane and water methanol fractions in inhibiting Salmonella typhi bacteria. The determination of the active compound group from the purification of the ethyl acetate fraction of forest bitter melon leaves obtained flavonoid active compounds with an Rf value of 0.1 in the eluent n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7:3). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate fraction was 125 μg/ml, while the MIC of flavonoid compounds was 62.5 μg/ml against Salmonella typhi bacteria. From the results of the equivalence test of the ethyl acetate fraction with ampicillin against Salmonella typhi bacteria, it showed that the concentration of the active fraction of ethyl acetate 1 μg/ml was equivalent to 0.007 μg/ml ampicillin, while the equivalence of flavonoid compounds was obtained 1 μg/ml concentration of active compounds equivalent to 0.011 μg/ml ampicillin.

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