Evaluation of a MF membrane system composed of pre coagulation-sedimentation and chlorination for water reuse

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Lee ◽  
B.C. Lee ◽  
S.Y. Moon ◽  
Y.S. Choi ◽  
N.Y. Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Sedimentation Process

In this research, we investigated the variation of transmembrane pressure and permeate water quality in pre-coagulation and sedimentation with iron based coagulant, and chlorination of feed water for PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride) based MF membrane filtration. NaClO was fed to the membrane module at a dosage of 0.5 mg/L and maintained during filtration. To observe the effect of raw water, three types of raw and processed waters, including river surface water, coagulated water and coagulated-settled water, were employed. In the case of river surface water, the transmembrane pressure increased abruptly in 500 hours operation. On the contrary, no significant increase in transmembrane pressure was observed for coagulated water and coagulated-settled water for 1200 hours operation. The turbidity of permeate was lower than the detection limit for all applied waters. The removal efficiency for humic substances in coagulated water and coagulated-settled water was approximately ten times higher than that in surface river water. And, the removal efficiency for TOC and DOC was approximately two times higher than that in surface river water. From the results of the operation, it can be observed that it is possible to maintain stable operation at 0.9 m3/m2-day filtration flux through a combination of pre-coagulation and pre-chlorination. However, the water quality of permeate was the best when the pre-coagulation-sedimentation process was combined with pre-chlorination. With respect to fouling reduction and operation efficiency increase in membrane filtration, the pre-coagulation/sedimentation process is a promising alternative.

Experimental investigation on water quality standard of Yangtze River water source heat pump

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenghu Qin ◽  
Mingwei Tong ◽  
Lin Kun
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Water Conditions

Due to the surface water in the upper reaches of Yangtze River in China containing large amounts of silt and algae, high content of microorganisms and suspended solids, the water in Yangtze River cannot be used for cooling a heat pump directly. In this paper, the possibility of using Yangtze River, which goes through Chongqing, a city in southwest China, as a heat source–sink was investigated. Water temperature and quality of the Yangtze River in the Chongqing area were analyzed and the performance of water source heat pump units in different sediment concentrations, turbidity and algae material conditions were tested experimentally, and the water quality standards, in particular surface water conditions, in the Yangtze River region that adapt to energy-efficient heat pumps were also proposed. The experimental results show that the coefficient of performance heat pump falls by 3.73% to the greatest extent, and the fouling resistance of cooling water in the heat exchanger increases up to 25.6% in different water conditions. When the sediment concentration and the turbidity in the river water are no more than 100 g/m3 and 50 NTU respectively, the performance of the heat pump is better, which can be used as a suitable river water quality standard for river water source heat pumps.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Impact of Industrial Activities Towards River Vacancy Viewed from BODS, CODS, and TSS Using The QUAL2KW Software Method Approach (Case Study: Klampok River, Semarang District)

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Nurandani Hardyanti ◽  
Winardi D Nugraha ◽  
Vito Edgar S B
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Approach

The industrial sector is one of the important sector in supporting the development of a region. Utilization of land around the river that is used for industrial activities will affect the quality of river water. The river can be polluted by waste personinating from industries that operating around the river. The catchment area that used for industry, agriculture, urban development, and the use of land for making roads (gravel or footpaths) can affect the flow of surface water and sediments that it brings to the river. Waste generated from industrial activities can pollute rivers which are a source of water for daily needs and affect the development of biota in them. This can affect river water quality

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation of salt ions in the surface water of Shule River Valley in Gansu Province, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan en Guo ◽  
Bao guo Li ◽  
Li li Nan ◽  
Zhong nan Nie ◽  
Shi yu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Lower Region ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The objective of the study was to assess the quality of the Shule River water for irrigational purposes. Surface water samples were collected along the course of the river in May and October 2012. The samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), bicarbonate, chloride, sulphate, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Surface water was generally alkaline (average pH 8.17) and water pH and total dissolved solids in May were higher than those in October. EC ranged from 0.24 to 2.15 mS cm−1. Sodium was identified as the dominant cation, sulphate was identified as the dominant anion in May for both samples of river water but, in October, the dominant anions are respectively sulphate, bicarbonate and chloride from the upper region to the lower region. The total dissolved solids, chloride and sodium were found to exceed the permissible limits for irrigation water in the lower region. According to the principal factor analysis results, among water quality parameters measured in this study, chloride is the best indicator for monitoring water quality. The results revealed a deteriorating water quality in the lower region of the river.

Assessment of groundwater and surface water quality for irrigation suitability in Rupnagar District, Punjab, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navjot Kaur ◽  
Susanta Paikaray
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Wilcox Diagram ◽  
Sodium Percent ◽  
Sirsa River

<p>Groundwater and Sutlej river water are major sources of irrigation in Rupnagar district of Punjab. Water quality was examined for their agricultural suitability using a total of 54 surface water (16 from Sutlej and 6 from Sirsa River) and groundwater (total 32 of ~160 m depth) samples from Pre- (June 2019) and post-monsoon (Dec 2018) seasons. On-site parameters (electrical conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids) indicate permissible pH (pH 6.6-8.2) and conductivity (147-1953 μS/cm), while 18.5% of samples are brackish salt to salt category type on salinity index. The results of these parameters were further interpreted and measured with different irrigation indexes like sodium percent (SP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), chloride concentrations and Wilcox diagram. Similarly, most of the samples (except Sutlej river water samples) were found to be above permissible limits with respect to SP (5.36-81.01) and RSC (0-6.23), but SAR is indicative of suitability for irrigation purposes (0.11-8.3). The suitability for irrigation as per SAR is because of low sodium content in all the samples relative to calcium and magnesium. The Wilcox diagram of pre-monsoon samples indicate high, medium and low saline to low sodium hazard except 1 sample with high saline to medium sodium hazard and salinity-sodium hazard in post-monsoon is comparatively lower than that of pre-monsoon. However careful observation of the complete data analysis suggests that all the parameters in Sutlej river water samples were found to be suitable for irrigation while most of the groundwater samples and 3 samples from Sirsa river were unfit for irrigation purposes as inferred from SP, RSC and Wilcox diagram.</p>

scholarly journals SURFACE WATER TREATMENT BY CUSTOM-MADE MOBILE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosdianah Ramli ◽  
Nurmin Bolong
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Mobile Water ◽  
Custom Made

Advances in membrane technology have stimulated a growing interest in the development of mobile water treatment systems for rural areas lacking clean water access. This study explored the use of ultrafiltration hollow fibre (UF-HF) membranes as a filter medium in a mobile water system for surface water treatment. Prior to the surface water treatment operation, two types of UF-HF modules were prepared using different numbers of fibres (i.e. 15 and 30 fibres). By considering the effect of turbidity on the membrane permeate flux, it was found that the 30-fibre module performed with higher consistency than the module with 15 fibres within the same range of turbidity. It was observed that the specific permeate flux decreased gradually with operation time and that, simultaneously, specific permeate flux was governed by transmembrane pressure and feed water temperature. Consequently, the filtered water production was found to decrease with time. The UF-HF membrane module demonstrated good surface water treatment efficiency for a smaller-scale filter module and was able to improve surface water from water quality index (WQI) Class III to Class II. 

scholarly journals Characterization of secondary treated effluents for tertiary membrane filtration and water recycling

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ayache ◽  
M. Pidou ◽  
W. Gernjak ◽  
Y. Poussade ◽  
J.-P. Croué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Secondary Effluents

This study evaluates the impacts of water quality from three different secondary effluents on low pressure membrane fouling. Effluent organic matter (EfOM) has been reported by previous studies as responsible for membrane fouling. However, the contribution of the different components of EfOM to membrane fouling is still not well understood. In order to improve and optimize treatment processes, characterization and quantification of the organic matter are important. The characterization methods used in this study are liquid chromatography coupled with an organic detector (LC-OCD) and excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM). A bench-scale hollow fibre membrane system was used to identify the type of fouling depending on the feed water quality. Results showed no measurable dissolved organic carbon removal by the membranes for the three secondary effluents. Biopolymers and humic-like substances found in different proportions in the three effluents were partially retained by the membranes and were identified to contribute significantly to the flux decline of the low pressure membranes. The observed fouling was determined to be reversible by hydraulic backwashing for two effluents and only by chemical cleaning for the third effluent.

scholarly journals Developed Method for Treatment of Industrial Wastewater from Edible Oil Industry using Membrane Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3034-3038
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Ro Membrane

Microorganisms and algae growth on surface water are stimulated in surface water in the presence of effluent wastewater from edible oil industries. This leads to depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO) by eutrophication process result in negative impact on aquatic environment. The new regulation in environment agency and increasing market demand are forcing the industrial sectors to consider finding new solutions and sustainable techniques of the wastewater treatment. In this study, reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filtration has been applied to assess the removal performance of emulsified oil from wastewater. Polysorbate 20 (Tween 20) was used as an oil/water emulsifier. Effect of oil concentrations in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and activated carbon unit on removal efficiency and permeate flux have been studied in details. The results elucidated significant improvement in removal efficiency reached to "98%". The obtained results show promising application of RO membrane (polyamide membrane) at flux "17 L/m2 hr-1". The experiments showed that membrane filtration of wastewater from edible oil is a convenient technique for a possible removal of high concentration of oil (up to 6000 mg/L) with "98%" removal efficiency at permeate flux "17 L/m2 hr-1 "and low fouling rate.

scholarly journals MODELING AND FORECASTING OF THE STATUS OF SURFACE WATER POLLUTION OF THE STYR RIVER

2021 ◽  
pp. 395-409
Author(s):  
Anatolii Kondratiuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Surface Water Pollution

The main sources of surface water pollution are determined, mathematical models describing the change of values of chemical and bacteriological indicators of river water quality are considered, the consequences of influence of untreated or under-treated wastewater discharged into rivers on the quality of water in it are substantiated, predictive models of the state of pollution of surface waters are built on the basis of GIS of the Styr River at five observation stations within the Volyn and Rivne regions for the period up to 2022, it has been proved that periodic monitoring of surface water pollution is sufficient for their qualitative forecasting of their condition, etc. In recent decades, GIS has been an effective tool for wastewater management and, therefore, more effective decision-making, as it greatly simplifies the processing of large amounts of geospatial and attributive data. The use of GIS provides the integration of maps to identify places of potential pollution and geographical indication of pollution in different parts of the river, downstream to the outlets of wastewater. Studies of river processes have always been conducted primarily to study their impact on river water quality. Water quality is the main characteristic of rivers in the analysis of their ecological condition and in terms of water use. Our study emphasizes the feasibility and effectiveness of short-term continuous monthly measurement of water quality and the development of the river index in order to focus management decisions on the gradual improvement of water quality. In this study, mathematical modeling of river pollution forecasting was used and forecast diagrams for 2021-2022 were constructed. As a result, these data will be an effective environmental decision-making tool for the implementation of optimal engineering controls at points of interest to prevent environmental damage and protect human health.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effect of Solid Waste Dump Site on Surrounding Soil and River Water Quality in Tepi Town, Southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Besufekad Mekonnen ◽  
Alemayehu Haddis ◽  
Wuhib Zeine
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
River Water ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Waste Dump ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Surrounding Soil

An increase in urban population and the rising demand for food and other essentials perpetuate a rise in the amount of waste being generated daily by each household. In Ethiopia, this waste is eventually thrown into open dump sites. It can cause severe impact on soil and surface water quality. As a result, it becomes the probable source of human health risk through food chain. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the effect of a solid waste dump site on surrounding soil and river water quality in Tepi town, Southwest Ethiopia. Three surface water, one leachate, and four soil samples were collected and analyzed. Six heavy metals for surface water and leachate samples and four heavy metals for soil samples were measured by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, physiochemical parameters were analyzed using standard methods. The data were analyzed statistically using Origin pro version 8.0 computer software packages. The pH of soil was slightly basic ranging from 8 ± 0.1 to 8.7 ± 0.21. Electrical conductivity was lower at 60 meters (1800 ± 0.5 μs/cm) and higher in the other sample sites (3490 ± 0.66–4920 ± 1.04 μs/cm). The concentration of heavy metals in soil samples revealed cadmium (0.53 ± 0.01–2.26 ± 0.02 mg/kg), zinc (623.93 ± 0.29–859.41 ± 0.02 mg/kg), lead (3.26 ± 0.25–57.560.26 mg/kg), and copper (204.06 ± 0.06–337.11 ± 0.01 mg/kg). Lead, cadmium, manganese, nickel, copper, and zinc were found in the leachate water; nickel and manganese were found in the nearby river water; BOD5 and COD for both leachate and stream water samples were found to be higher than standard guideline values. The finding suggested that solid waste open dump site adversely affects soil and water quality in the study area and becomes a probable source of risk for human health via the food chain.

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