Estrogen and estrogen mimics contamination in water and the role of sewage treatment

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matsui ◽  
H. Takigami ◽  
T. Matsuda ◽  
N. Taniguchi ◽  
J. Adachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Yeast Estrogen Screen ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fate And Behavior

The yeast estrogen screen was applied to sewage treatment process waters to identify the presence of estrogenic activity and to investigate the fate and behavior of estrogenic substances through treatment. Hydrophobic fractions in the water phase were extracted and concentrated using C18 cartridges for the effective extraction of 17β-estradiol (E2) and other estrogen mimics. Clear dose-dependent elevation in the synthesis of β-galactosidase in the yeast screen was observed with all the samples tested, demonstrating that these samples were estrogenic. However, estrogenic activity tended to reduce during the treatment, especiallyiin the biological process. Quantification results of the yeast estrogen screen in terms of E2 equivalent were compared with actual E2 concentrations measured by an ELISA. E2 occupied 34% of the whole estrogenicity in the raw sewage, while almost 100% in the final effluent. The analyses of the sewage treatment process waters revealed that human estrogens are major causative substances in terms of estrogenic activity in sewage and its treated effluent. Although findings of possible correlation of environmental estrogens with the real impact on human health and the ecosystem are still the focus of scientific debate and investigation, proper management should be established in the sewage treatment process which receives various environmental contaminants.

The behavior of estrogenic substances in the biological treatment process of sewage

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Onda ◽  
Y. Nakamura ◽  
C. Takatoh ◽  
A. Miya ◽  
Y. Katsu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
One Year ◽  
Batch Treatment ◽  
And Behavior

A study was conducted for about one year on the fate and behavior of estrogens, namely 17β-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and estriol (E3) in an activated sludge process of a pilot scale plant supplied with domestic sewage. A simultaneous analytical method for these three substances using LC-MS/MS was developed and applied to sewage samples. The average removal of E2 was 94.7%, while that of E3 was 96.9%. In contrast, the average removal of E1 was relatively low at 69.2% with a maximum concentration of 55.4 ng/L detected in the treated water. The theoretical values of estrogenic activity calculated from the concentrations of each natural estrogen in treated water were found to correlate with the values of estrogenic activity measured by a yeast estrogen screening assay. The effect of E2 on estrogenic activity in influent was found to be high, while that of E1 in treated water was considerably higher. In batch treatment tests on E2, E2 turned into E1 immediately after being charged. After three hours of aeration, the values of both E1 and E2 were around threshold limits. It was determined from this that E1 and E2 were substances that could be degraded by biological treatment. As the removal of E2 was found to be sufficiently high at times, optimization of operational conditions based on E1 removal should be important for reducing estrogenic activity in treated water.

Detection and removal of estrogencity in membrane biological reactors

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. Hu ◽  
X. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fate And Behavior

Three pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in a local wastewater treatment plant (K, M and Z) were studied with the objective to compare the performance of pre-denitrification MBR systems in eliminating the estrogenic activity of the effluent of primary clarifier. A total of 5 batches of samples, which included influent, effluent, supernatant and sludge from the respective aerobic and anoxic tanks were collected over the span. They were investigated by using the developed solid-phase extraction (SPE) protocol coupled with a modified yeast-based estrogen screen (YES) assay. From the results, it could be seen that M MBR demonstrated the best endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) removal efficiency. The fate and behavior of EDCs in MBR systems were fairly understood with estrogenic activity formation dominating in the anoxic tank and removal dominating in the aerobic tank. It is believed that the sorption of EDCs onto the sludge as well as biodegradation of EDCs might be the key mechanisms for the EDCs removal. The low response of YES when dealing with influent samples was mainly due to the inhibition and antagonist effects induced by the influent samples on yeast cells.

2D/2D Bi2WO6/Protonated g-C3N4 Step-scheme Heterojunctions for Enhancing Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol: Promotional Role of Electrostatic Interaction

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yashi Qing ◽  
Yanxiang Li ◽  
Dan Hu ◽  
Zhiwei Guo ◽  
Yujie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Electrostatic Interaction ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
17Β Estradiol

17β-Estradiol (E2) is a type of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the strongest estrogenic activity which poses a huge threat to the ecosystems and human health even at extremely low...

scholarly journals ROLE OF PHYCOREMEDIATION IN DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Nandini Moondra ◽  
Namrata D Jariwala ◽  
Robin A Christian
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Organics Removal ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Conventional domestic wastewater treatment in most developing countries is confined to secondary treatments, mainly focusing on solids and organics removal, which results in eutrophication when the effluents are discharged into receiving bodies. Thus, to resolve the issues associated with the conventional treatment system, in the present study, microalgae was introduced in the primary treated effluent collected from a sewage treatment plant to study the efficiency of the system in reducing eutrophication and other challenges of secondary treatment. Phycoremediation is an effective and eco-friendly treatment alternative that reduced the primary-treated effluent’s PO4-P, NH3-N and COD concentration to 97.89%, 98.81%, and 88.24%, respectively at the identical HRT practiced for secondary treatment. One-way ANOVA was also conducted to determine the effectiveness of the system statistically. The experimental and statistical analysis proved that microalgal treatment could resolve the challenges of conventional secondary treatments if adopted for domestic wastewater.

Criteria for Assessing Appropriate Technology for Sewage Treatment and Disposal

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Boshier
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Choice Of Technology

This Conference is concerned with appropriate technologies for waste management. How a judgement is made as to what is appropriate for each country, region and local community is of importance. A solution for one community will not necessarily be applicable to another. The Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment's Office in New Zealand has a role of evaluating the performance of public authorities in their environmental management responsibilities. The Commissioner has reviewed the performance of a range of public authorities in New Zealand in respect to sewage treatment and disposal. These include the regional council responsible for the majority of sewage infrastructure in the Auckland urban area, a local authority responsible for two adjacent coastal communities and a local authority responsible for an off-shore island. The choice of technology for each situation has been influenced by the concerns of the indigenous peoples, the aspirations of the communities and the choices available for disposal of the treated effluent

scholarly journals Interaction of Small Biothiols with Silver and Gold Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Pem ◽  
Igor M Pongrac ◽  
Lea Ulm ◽  
Ivan Pavičić ◽  
Valerije Vrček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Apoptosis Induction ◽  
Murine Fibroblast ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fate And Behavior

Improvement in nanosafety is one of the major tasks for innovation force of nanotechology, which may be accomplished by design and development of biocompatible nanomaterials. Biocompatibility assessment demands investigation of nano-bio interactions that affect behavior and fate of nanoparticles in biological systems. Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are particularly prone to interact with endogenous biothiols like cysteine and glutathione. This study was designed to evaluate intimate interactions between cysteine and glutathione with biomedically relevant metallic NPs, i.e. silver (AgNPs) and gold (AuNPs). Systematic and comprehensive analysis revealed that preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs in the presence of biothiols lead to stable NPs stabilized with oxidized forms of biothiols. Their biocompatibility was tested by evaluation of cell viability, ROS production, apoptosis induction and DNA damage in murine fibroblast cells (L929), while ecotoxicity was tested using aquatic model organism Daphnia magna. The toxicity of these NPs was considerably lower compared to the ionic metal forms. Comparison with data published on polymer-coated NPs evidenced that surface modification with biothiols made them safer for the environment, but more toxic for use in humans. These results represent significant contribution to the collection of knowledge on the role of biothiols on the fate and behavior of metal-based nanomaterials.

Effect of chlorination on estrogenicity in chlorinated treated effluent

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. Hu ◽  
X. Chen ◽  
X. Jin ◽  
X.L. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Positive ◽  
Human Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Estrogenic Contaminants ◽  
Estradiol Equivalent ◽  
By Products

Effluents from sewage treatment plants can be discharged into rivers with estrogenic contaminants at levels sufficient to induce adverse reproductive and fertility developments in humans and wildlife. Of great concern in recent years are the estrogenic activities of chlorinated by-products (CBPs) in effluents. Simplified cell proliferation tests using the human estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 ATCC breast cancer cells (E-SCREEN) were performed to investigate the influence of chlorination on the estrogenicity in effluents. It was found that the increase of chlorine dosages from 0 mg/L to 4 mg/L led to the decrease of total content of estrogenic activity: the 17ß-estradiol equivalent concentration (EEQ) from 22.40 to 8.35 ng/L. However, the increase of contact time from 10–30 minutes increased EEQ from 14.04 to 29.97 ng/L. Furthermore, increasing TOC level using humic acid from 5 mg/L to 15 mg/L in effluents correspondingly resulted in an increase of EEQ from 19.69–27.20 ng/L; it was thus confirmed that chlorination of humic acid could produce estrogenic by-products.

The fate and behaviour of human estrogens in a night soil treatment process

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Takigami ◽  
N. Taniguchi ◽  
T. Matsuda ◽  
M. Yamada ◽  
Y. Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Yeast Assay ◽  
And Behavior

A night soil treatment plant which collects a high amount of human urine and excreta, is a very unique system to Japan and the object of this investigation on the fate and behavior of the human estrogens in the water treatment process. Water and sludge samples at different treatment phases were taken at a night soil treatment plant. Their hydrophobic fractions were assayed using an in vitro yeast assay (yeast estrogen screen) and an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) employed for the detection of overall estrogenic activity and 17β-estradiol (E2), respectively. Estrogenic activity observed by the yeast assay was quantified as E2 concentration equivalent, which was comparable with E2 concentration measured by the ELISA, in order to estimate the contribution of E2 to the total activity. Based on the ELISA results, a sketch of the mass balance of E2 in the treatment system was drawn and treatability of E2 was discussed.

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