A Decentralized Grey Water Treatment and Reuse System in a Residential Area for Landscaping and Environmental Purposes

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
X. C. Wang ◽  
B. B. Cheng ◽  
R. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Grey Water ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Cost

A case study was conducted in a residential area in Xi'an, China for grey water treatment and reuse for landscaping and environmental purposes. Through a dual-pipe system, grey water and black water were separately collected from 6 buildings at a flow rate about 100 m3/d. The collected grey water was treated by a hybrid physicochemical process using a fluidized pellet bed separator as the first stage and by ozone enhanced flotation as the second stage. In order to maintain good water quality in the artificial lake, part of the stored water was sent back to the second stage of the treatment facilities for water quality polishing. From the pond, water was also pumped for gardening and other non-potable uses. The average daily consumption (for gardening, surface evaporation and other losses) was about 60 m3/d. The project was proved technically feasible because the treatment system could provide water with good quality to meet the specification of for scenic environment reuse and sustain a beautiful water environment. It was also proved economically feasible because the cost for water reclamation could be well compensated by the cost saved for purchasing fresh water which would be consumed for the same purpose of landscaping and environmental water use. This case study provided a good example of decentralized wastewater treatment and reclamation for landscaping and environmental reuse.

Case study on the implementation of deammonification for the process water treatment of Munich WWTPs

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1895-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Hilliges ◽  
Eberhard Steinle ◽  
Bernhard Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Flow Treatment

The two-staged WWTP ‘Gut Grosslappen’ has a capacity of 2 mio. PE. It comprises a pre-denitrification in the first stage using recirculation from the nitrifying second stage. A residual post-denitrification in a downstream sand filter is required in order to achieve the effluent standards. Presently the process water from sludge digestion is treated separately by nitrification/denitrification. Due to necessary reconstruction of the biological stages, the process water treatment was included in the future overall process concept of the WWTP. A case study was conducted comparing the processes nitritation/denitrititation and deammonification with nitrification/denitrification including their effect on the operational costs of the planned main flow treatment. Besides the different operating costs the investment costs required for the process water treatment played a significant role. Six cases for the process water treatment were compared. As a result, in Munich deammonification can only be recommended for long-term future developments, due to the high investment costs, compared with the nitritation/denitritation alternative realizable in existing tanks. The savings concerning aeration, sludge disposal and chemicals were not sufficient to compensate for the additional investment costs. Due to the specific circumstances in Munich, for the time being the use of existing tanks for nitritation/denitritation proved to be most economical.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Water Treatment Design and Management of the Artificial Lake with Water Quality Modeling and Surrogate-Based Approach

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuankun Liu ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
Ting Yu ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Chaoqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surrogate Models ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Engineering Costs

The tradeoff between engineering costs and water treatment of the artificial lake system has a significant effect on engineering decision-making. However, decision-makers have little access to scientific tools to balance engineering costs against corresponding water treatment. In this study, a framework integrating numerical modeling, surrogate models and multi-objective optimization is proposed. This framework was applied to a practical case in Chengdu, China. A water quality model (MIKE21) was developed, providing training datasets for surrogate modeling. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were utilized for training surrogate models. Both surrogate models were validated with the coefficient of determinations (R2) greater than 0.98. SVM performed more stably with limited training data sizes while ANN demonstrated higher accuracies with more training samples. The multi-objective optimization model was developed using the genetic algorithm, with targets of reducing both engineering costs and target aquatic pollutant concentrations. An optimal target concentration after treatment was identified, characterized by the ammonia concentration (1.3 mg/L) in the artificial lake. Furthermore, scenarios with varying water quality in the upstream river were evaluated. Given the assumption of deteriorated upstream water quality in the future, the optimal proportion of pre-treatment in the total costs is increasing.

scholarly journals Costs of water treatment due to diminished water quality: A case study in Texas

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dearmont ◽  
Bruce A. McCarl ◽  
Deborah A. Tolman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment

Study on the Technology for Underground Treatment of XingFu Mine Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Jia Ping Wang ◽  
Tao Mei
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Underground Mine ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Settling Pond ◽  
Mine Water Treatment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operation Cost

According to the XingFu mine's water quality, put forward a technology for mine water underground treatment. Changing original underground mine water sump into complex settling pond. Estimate the investment and the operation cost of the underground mine water treatment project. The result shows that: the cost of the underground mine water treatment is only 1.1172 yuan per ton, saving about 2 yuan per ton compare with the price of industrial water. This prove that it is feasible and saving for underground mine water treatment in XingFu mine.

Tuning the enhanced coagulation process to obtain best chlorine and THM profiles in the distribution system

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Fisher ◽  
G. Kastl ◽  
A. Sathasivan ◽  
P. Chen ◽  
J. van Leeuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Enhanced Coagulation ◽  
System A ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
The Impact

Water treatment processes produce water with low turbidity and colour. It is also now becoming necessary to reduce DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon) so that less chlorine is lost in a distribution system and less THMs (trihalomethanes) are formed. Enhanced coagulation (exceeding other requirements) at pH of about 5-6 is known to significantly reduce DOC so that acceptable water quality can be achieved at the tap. In this paper, models are integrated to project the impact of water treatment on water quality through the entire distribution system. A DOC removal model, which predicts DOC resulting from a given coagulant, its dose and the coagulation pH, is used to simulate the treatment. By linking this model of DOC removal with models of chlorine decay and THM formation, the impact of treatment on chlorine and THM concentrations in a distribution system can be simulated. This method was applied in a case study with relatively high initial DOC. It was shown that more DOC can be removed by using ferric coagulant than the current practice achieves. This would result in an improved chlorine profile and a substantial reduction in THM concentrations.

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