Case study on the implementation of deammonification for the process water treatment of Munich WWTPs

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1895-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Hilliges ◽  
Eberhard Steinle ◽  
Bernhard Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Flow Treatment

The two-staged WWTP ‘Gut Grosslappen’ has a capacity of 2 mio. PE. It comprises a pre-denitrification in the first stage using recirculation from the nitrifying second stage. A residual post-denitrification in a downstream sand filter is required in order to achieve the effluent standards. Presently the process water from sludge digestion is treated separately by nitrification/denitrification. Due to necessary reconstruction of the biological stages, the process water treatment was included in the future overall process concept of the WWTP. A case study was conducted comparing the processes nitritation/denitrititation and deammonification with nitrification/denitrification including their effect on the operational costs of the planned main flow treatment. Besides the different operating costs the investment costs required for the process water treatment played a significant role. Six cases for the process water treatment were compared. As a result, in Munich deammonification can only be recommended for long-term future developments, due to the high investment costs, compared with the nitritation/denitritation alternative realizable in existing tanks. The savings concerning aeration, sludge disposal and chemicals were not sufficient to compensate for the additional investment costs. Due to the specific circumstances in Munich, for the time being the use of existing tanks for nitritation/denitritation proved to be most economical.

scholarly journals Problems and prospects of creating health tourism villages as a potential for developing medical tourism in the Islamic Republic of Iran (Case study: Yazd province)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
S. S. Hosseini ◽  
M. Tagvayi ◽  
Z. V. Ataev ◽  
V. V. Bratkov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Current State ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Arc Gis

Aim. The article discusses the current state of medical tourism, problems and prospects in order to assess the obstacles and limitations in creating tourist health villages in the Iranian province of Yazd.Materials and Methods. The data were obtained using the analytical and documentary method with a focus on content analysis and by interviewing and questionnaires of key experts of the region: this allowed the identifation and development indices for the development of medical tourism in the development of health villages.Results. During the first stage, data analysis was performed using the MAXQDA-11 program. In the second stage, the data obtained were studied in order to assess the state of these indices using the SOWAT model. Priorities were then set and the specific weight of obstacles and restrictions was calculated using complex criteria.Conclusions. Poor transportation provision for medical tourists due to the limited number of domestic and international flights, unavailability of treatment and followup after discharge, ineffective insurance legislation and lack of appropriate new legislation were identified as the main obstacles to the development of medical tourism. Accordingly, long-term and short-term strategies should be developed and implemented in accordance with these issues. On the other hand, taking into account the restrictions and obstacles noted, we have proposed locations suitable for building health villages at a minimum distance from Yazd. These are indicated on a map created using the Arc GIS program. During project implementation, strategic objectives were developed.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kualitas Tahu Mbak Trisni Di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-390
Author(s):  
Herbert Sipahutar ◽  
Makmur Sirait ◽  
Mukti Hamjah Harahap ◽  
Irfandi ◽  
Deo Demonta Panggabean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
Simple Technology

The business of Tofu Mbak TRISNI located in Percut Sei Tuan has produced about 2 years. The Problems in the partner's efforts are: 1) The partner has not yet had the knowledge and understanding of the quality of clean water and is worthy tobe used for the manufacture of tofu and for other activities, 2) The partner does not have the knowledge and skills About clean water treatment technology of households, 3) The partner requires additional knowledge to cultivate less viable water in order to be a decent water used for the purpose of making tofu and daily necessities and 4) partners need Simple Technology to cultivate water is less feasible to be a decent water used for the purpose of making tofu and household use. The method of implementation of activities carried out by approach method includes extension activities, training, mentoring and workshop on appropriate technology to process water is not worthy of use into viable water tailored to the condition Environment. This PKM activity generates the availability of clean water for the manufacture of tofu that will produce good quality and safe for health for long-term consumption as well as increased knowledge and skills partner in operating the tool TTG For longer periods of time.

A Decentralized Grey Water Treatment and Reuse System in a Residential Area for Landscaping and Environmental Purposes

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
X. C. Wang ◽  
B. B. Cheng ◽  
R. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Grey Water ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Cost

A case study was conducted in a residential area in Xi'an, China for grey water treatment and reuse for landscaping and environmental purposes. Through a dual-pipe system, grey water and black water were separately collected from 6 buildings at a flow rate about 100 m3/d. The collected grey water was treated by a hybrid physicochemical process using a fluidized pellet bed separator as the first stage and by ozone enhanced flotation as the second stage. In order to maintain good water quality in the artificial lake, part of the stored water was sent back to the second stage of the treatment facilities for water quality polishing. From the pond, water was also pumped for gardening and other non-potable uses. The average daily consumption (for gardening, surface evaporation and other losses) was about 60 m3/d. The project was proved technically feasible because the treatment system could provide water with good quality to meet the specification of for scenic environment reuse and sustain a beautiful water environment. It was also proved economically feasible because the cost for water reclamation could be well compensated by the cost saved for purchasing fresh water which would be consumed for the same purpose of landscaping and environmental water use. This case study provided a good example of decentralized wastewater treatment and reclamation for landscaping and environmental reuse.

Optimal process configuration for anaerobic digestion with ozonation

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Goel ◽  
T. Tokutomi ◽  
H. Yasui ◽  
T. Noike
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Process Configuration ◽  
Ozone Dose ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Ozone Pretreatment

Economical source minimization of excess sludge production is an attractive option to deal with the problem of sludge disposal under strict disposal standards. In this paper long-term operational results for two different process configurations that combine oxidative ozone treatment with anaerobic sludge digestion are described. In the first configuration ozone pretreatment was combined with chemostat anaerobic digestion while in the second configuration ozone pre/post-treatments were combined with an anaerobic digester operated without solid removal. From the results of chemostat experiments, the ozone pretreatment solubilized around 19% and 37% of the solids at 0.015 and 0.05 gO3/gTS ozone dose respectively. The ozone pretreatment resulted in improved TVS reduction efficiencies and the degradation efficiencies were observed to depend on the applied ozone dose and system SRT. The TVS degradation efficiency for pre-ozonated sludge at an ozone dose of 0.05 gO3/gTS was 59% as compared to 31% for the control reactor fed with un-ozonated sludge. Test results with the second configuration indicated that overall TVS removal efficiencies for a process scheme with post-ozonation could be improved up to 85% with a minimum ozone dose of 0.045 gO3/gTVS-fed. However, since no solids (except that for sampling) were withdrawn in this configuration, the accumulated total solids in the reactors increased to 28 g/l to 30 g/l at pseudosteady state. The average specific methane recoveries were observed to be 0.36 l CH4/gTVS fed which were slightly lower than theoretically expected. Based on the experimental results, important points in the choice of process configuration are discussed.

Caregivers' Perceptions of Speech-Language Pathologist Talk About Child Language and Literacy Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2049-2067
Author(s):  
Karmen L. Porter ◽  
Janna B. Oetting ◽  
Loretta Pecchioni
Keyword(s):  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Types Of Information

Purpose This study examined caregiver perceptions of their child's language and literacy disorder as influenced by communications with their speech-language pathologist. Method The participants were 12 caregivers of 10 school-aged children with language and literacy disorders. Employing qualitative methods, a collective case study approach was utilized in which the caregiver(s) of each child represented one case. The data came from semistructured interviews, codes emerged directly from the caregivers' responses during the interviews, and multiple coding passes using ATLAS.ti software were made until themes were evident. These themes were then further validated by conducting clinical file reviews and follow-up interviews with the caregivers. Results Caregivers' comments focused on the types of information received or not received, as well as the clarity of the information. This included information regarding their child's diagnosis, the long-term consequences of their child's disorder, and the connection between language and reading. Although caregivers were adept at describing their child's difficulties and therapy goals/objectives, their comments indicated that they struggled to understand their child's disorder in a way that was meaningful to them and their child. Conclusions The findings showed the value caregivers place on receiving clear and timely diagnostic information, as well as the complexity associated with caregivers' understanding of language and literacy disorders. The findings are discussed in terms of changes that could be made in clinical practice to better support children with language and literacy disorders and their families.

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