Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose (HPMC) Crosslinked Keratin/Hydroxyapatite (HA) Scaffolds Fabrication, Characterization and in vitro Biocompatibility Assessment as a Bone Graft for Alveolar Bone Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandleen Feroz ◽  
George J. Dias
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose

scholarly journals Metformin-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 composite scaffolds promote alveolar bone regeneration in a rat model of periodontitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanghan Xu ◽  
Wei Tan ◽  
Chan Li ◽  
Keke Wu ◽  
Xinyi Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Alveolar Bone Defect

AbstractPeriodontitis is a progressive infectious inflammatory disease, which leads to alveolar bone resorption and loss of periodontal attachment. It is imperative for us to develop a therapeutic scaffold to repair the alveolar bone defect of periodontitis. In this study, we designed a new composite scaffold loading metformin (MET) by using the freeze-drying method, which was composed of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), chitosan (CTS) and the mesoporous silica (SBA-15). The scaffolds were expected to combine the excellent biocompatibility of CTS, the good bioactivity of β-TCP, and the anti-inflammatory properties of MET. The MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds showed improved cell adhesion, appropriate porosity and good biocompatibility in vitro. This MET composite scaffold was implanted in the alveolar bone defects area of rats with periodontitis. After 12 weeks, Micro-CT and histological analysis were performed to evaluate different degrees of healing and mineralization. Results showed that the MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds promoted alveolar bone regeneration in a rat model of periodontitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report that MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds have a positive effect on alveolar bone regeneration in periodontitis. Our findings might provide a new and promising strategy for repairing alveolar bone defects under the condition of periodontitis.

scholarly journals A partially demineralized allogeneic bone graft: in vitro osteogenic potential and preclinical evaluation in two different intramembranous bone healing models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Tournier ◽  
Jérôme Guicheux ◽  
Arnaud Paré ◽  
Aymeric Maltezeanu ◽  
Thibaut Blondy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Allogenic Bone

AbstractIn skeletal surgical procedures, bone regeneration in irregular and hard-to-reach areas may present clinical challenges. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional autologous bone grafts and bone substitutes, an extrudable and easy-to-handle innovative partially demineralized allogenic bone graft in the form of a paste has been developed. In this study, the regenerative potential of this paste was assessed and compared to its clinically used precursor form allogenic bone particles. Compared to the particular bone graft, the bone paste allowed better attachment of human mesenchymal stromal cells and their commitment towards the osteoblastic lineage, and it induced a pro-regenerative phenotype of human monocytes/macrophages. The bone paste also supported bone healing in vivo in a guide bone regeneration model and, more interestingly, exhibited a substantial bone-forming ability when implanted in a critical-size defect model in rat calvaria. Thus, these findings indicate that this novel partially demineralized allogeneic bone paste that combines substantial bone healing properties and rapid and ease-of-use may be a promising alternative to allogeneic bone grafts for bone regeneration in several clinical contexts of oral and maxillofacial bone grafting.

scholarly journals Octacalcium Phosphate Bone Substitute (Bontree®): From Basic Research to Clinical Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7921
Author(s):  
Joo-Seong Kim ◽  
Tae-Sik Jang ◽  
Suk-Young Kim ◽  
Won-Pyo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Mg63 Cells ◽  
Rabbit Tibia ◽  
Clinical Cases

Bone grafts used in alveolar bone regeneration can be categorized into autografts, allografts, xenografts, and synthetic bones, depending on their origin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a commercialized octacalcium phosphate (OCP)-based synthetic bone substitute material (Bontree®) in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical cases. Material characterization of Bontree® granules (0.5 mm and 1.0 mm) using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that both 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm Bontree® granules were uniformly composed mainly of OCP. The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of MG63 cells were assessed and used to compare Bontree® with a commercial biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (MBCP+TM). Compared with MBCP+TM, Bontree® suppressed RANKL and increased ALP activity. A rabbit tibia model used to examine the effects of granule size of Bontree® grafts showed that 1.0 mm Bontree® granules had a higher new bone formation ability than 0.5 mm Bontree® granules. Three clinical cases using Bontree® for ridge or sinus augmentation are described. All eight implants in the three patients showed a 100% success rate after 1 year of functional loading. This basic research and clinical application demonstrated the safety and efficacy of Bontree® for bone regeneration.

Preparation, characterisation and in-vitro biocompatibility study of a bone graft developed from waste bovine teeth for bone regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 100732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jithendra T. Ratnayake ◽  
Eden D. Ross ◽  
George J. Dias ◽  
Kyle M. Shanafelt ◽  
Shay S. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

scholarly journals Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Composite Scaffold for Simultaneous Alveolar Bone Regeneration in Dental Implant Installation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hun-Jin Jeong ◽  
So-Jung Gwak ◽  
Kyoung Duck Seo ◽  
SaYa Lee ◽  
Jeong-Ho Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Hybrid Scaffold ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dental Implant Surgery

Dental implant surgeries involve the insertion of implant fixtures into alveolar bones to replace missing teeth. When the availability of alveolar bone at the surgical site is insufficient, bone graft particles are filled in the insertion site for successful bone reconstruction. Bone graft particles induce bone regeneration over several months at the insertion site. Subsequently, implant fixtures can be inserted at the recipient site. Thus, conventional dental implant surgery is performed in several steps, which in turn increases the treatment period and cost involved. Therefore, to reduce surgical time and minimize treatment costs, a novel hybrid scaffold filled with bone graft particles that could be combined with implant fixtures is proposed. This scaffold is composed of a three-dimensionally (3D) printed polycaprolactone (PCL) frame and osteoconductive ceramic materials such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Herein, we analyzed the porosity, internal microstructure, and hydrophilicity of the hybrid scaffold. Additionally, Saos-2 cells were used to assess cell viability and proliferation. Two types of control scaffolds were used (a 3D printed PCL frame and a hybrid scaffold without HA/β-TCP particles) for comparison, and the fabricated hybrid scaffold was verified to retain osteoconductive ceramic particles without losses. Moreover, the fabricated hybrid scaffold had high porosity and excellent microstructural interconnectivity. The in vitro Saos-2 cell experiments revealed superior cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase assay results for the hybrid scaffold than the control scaffold. Hence, the proposed hybrid scaffold is a promising candidate for minimizing cost and duration of dental implant surgery.

scholarly journals Design and in vitro/in vivo evaluations of a multiple-drug-containing gingiva disc for periodontotherapy

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 8530-8538
Author(s):  
Pooja Jain ◽  
Mohd. Aamir Mirza ◽  
Sushama Talegaonkar ◽  
Shyamasree Nandy ◽  
Mridu Dudeja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Phthalate ◽  
Multiple Drugs ◽  
Simultaneous Delivery

A gingiva disc of cellulose acetate phthalate and poloxaner F-127 was developed for the simultaneous delivery of multiple drugs, including minocycline, to promote alveolar bone regeneration by abolishing infection, impeding inflammation and averting collagen destruction.

scholarly journals Platelet-Rich Fibrin as a Bone Graft Material in Oral and Maxillofacial Bone Regeneration: Classification and Summary for Better Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Liu ◽  
Xiaolin Sun ◽  
Jize Yu ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Peisong Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Ridge Preservation ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Bone Graft Material ◽  
Alveolar Ridge Preservation ◽  
Autologous Platelet Concentrate ◽  
New Type

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous platelet concentrate that consists of cytokines, platelets, leukocytes, and circulating stem cells. It has been considered to be effective in bone regeneration and is mainly used for oral and maxillofacial bone. Although currently the use of PRF is thought to support alveolar ridge preservation, there is a lack of evidence regarding the application of PRF in osteogenesis. In this paper, we will provide examples of PRF application, and we will also summarize different measures to improve the properties of PRF for achieving better osteogenesis. The effect of PRF as a bone graft material on osteogenesis based on laboratory investigations, animal tests, and clinical evaluations is first reviewed here. In vitro, PRF was able to stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, mineralization, and osteogenesis-related gene expression. Preclinical and clinical trials suggested that PRF alone may have a limited effect. To enlighten researchers, modified PRF graft materials are further reviewed, including PRF combined with other bone graft materials, PRF combined with drugs, and a new-type PRF. Finally, we will summarize the common shortcomings in the application of PRF that probably lead to application failure. Future scientists should avoid or solve these problems to achieve better regeneration.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Surface Heat Sintered Nanohydroxyapatite and Nanowhitlockite Embedded Poly (Lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Microsphere Bone Graft Scaffolds: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gils Jose ◽  
K.T. Shalumon ◽  
Han-Tsung Liao ◽  
Chang-Yi Kuo ◽  
Jyh-Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Physico Chemical

In the context of using bone graft materials to restore and improve the function of damaged bone tissues, macroporous biodegradable composite bone graft scaffolds have osteoinductive properties that allow them to provide a suitable environment for bone regeneration. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) and whitlockite (WLKT) are the two major components of hard tissues such as bone and teeth. Because of their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity, we synthesized HAP (nHAP) and WLKT nanoparticles (nWLKT) by using the chemical precipitation method. The nanoparticles were separately incorporated within poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. Following this, the composite microspheres were converted to macroporous bone grafts with sufficient mechanical strength in pin or screw shape through surface sintering. We characterized physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the nanoparticles and composites. The biocompatibility of the grafts was further tested through in vitro cell adhesion and proliferation studies using rabbit bone marrow stem cells. The ability to promote osteogenic differentiation was tested through alkaline phosphate activity and immunofluorescence staining of bone marker proteins. For in vivo study, the bone pins were implanted in tibia bone defects in rabbits to compare the bone regeneration ability though H&E, Masson’s trichrome and immunohistochemical staining. The results revealed similar physico-chemical characteristics and cellular response of PLGA/nHAP and PLGA/nWLKT scaffolds but the latter is associated with higher osteogenic potential towards BMSCs, pointing out the possibility to use this ceramic nanoparticle to prepare a sintered composite microsphere scaffold for potential bone grafts and tissue engineered implants.

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