Descentralizaciin (c Centralizaciin) sin representaciin: a proppsito de la composiciin territorial del Congreso Colombiano (Decentralization (and Centralization) Without Representation: On the Territorial Composition of the Colombian Congress)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Armando Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Decentralization And Centralization

Seizing Power: Conservatives and Congress Since the 1970s

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian E. Zelizer
Keyword(s):  
Republican Party ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Conservative Movement ◽  
American Conservatism ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Decentralization And Centralization ◽  
Political Success

This chapter examines how legislators associated with the conservative movement thrived in a congressional process that liberals had helped to create. It first considers how Congress was reformed in the 1970s, focusing on its transition from the committee era to the contemporary era and how the reform coalition of 1958–1974 helped end the committee era. It then compares the contemporary Congress to the committee-era Congress and how the new legislative process contributed to the fortunes of the conservative movement. It also discusses the decentralization and centralization fostered by congressional reforms, the creation of the Conservative Opportunity Society in 1983 by young mavericks in the Republican Party, congressional conservatives' disappointment with the presidency of George H. W. Bush, and the Republican congressional reforms of 1995. The chapter argues that the state endured despite the political success of American conservatism in Congress.

scholarly journals Disruption and Strategic Outsourcing to the Competitor in the Common Market

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoqiong Qin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Supply Disruption ◽  
Strategic Outsourcing ◽  
The Common ◽  
Decentralization And Centralization

There are circumstances that one firm will outsource (purchase) products to its competitor in the common market when experiencing an unexpected supply disruption. Such strategies to hedge against the unexpected supply disruption commonly suffers from the higher wholesale price charged by its competitor although it helps maintain its presence on the market. Its competitor also is concerned about encroachment to sell the products to the firm as a rival in the common market. Mathematical models are formulated to maximize each party's profit in both cases of outsourcing and not outsourcing under decentralization and centralization. The results show that both parties benefit from the strategy of outsourcing at the time of disruption. More interestingly, the results also show that the competitor's centralized decision-making is preferred.

scholarly journals Decentralization vs Centralization: Scenarios of Regional Development of Ukraine in the Context of Internal Stability Establishment

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-262
Author(s):  
Yuliia Uzun ◽  
Svetlana Koch
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Political Decentralization ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Decentralization And Centralization ◽  
Further Development

The work aims to analyze scenarios for the development of regional policy in Ukraine in conditions of decentralization and centralization trends confrontation in the country. The main problem is the establishment of structural completeness of the decentralization reform in Ukraine, which should involve the implementation of administrative-territorial, budgetary and political decentralization. An important task is also to determine the effectiveness of devolution, delegation, deconcentration, deregulation, and divestment, which are manifestations of the decentralization process and collectively determine the quality of reform. Based on the methodology of system analysis and the concept of “balance of relations,” as well as using a historical and comparative method in investigating the improvement of approaches to leading public policy, and a structural-functional method for analysis of territorial-political system as a decentralized and multi-level, the paper proposes an analysis of the balance of inter-level relations in the country, the effectiveness of reforms, decentralization and trends for further development. The work indicates that since 2014, administrative and territorial optimization and enlargement of communities have become the main result of the decentralization reform. The discussion of political decentralization remains extremely disturbing and is blocked as “separatism,” as well as attempts to resolve the conflict in the Donbas by political means through the adoption of the Steinmeier Formula are demurred as “capitulation.” The economic crisis, which coincided with the pandemic, can aggravate the negative perception of reform, the development of which remains possible within the framework of three development scenarios: “Euro-optimistic,” “inertial” and “blocking.”

scholarly journals The costs and benefits of decentralization and centralization of ant colonies

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1700-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic D R Burns ◽  
Jon W Pitchford ◽  
Catherine L Parr ◽  
Daniel W Franks ◽  
Elva J H Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Work ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Nest Size ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Dynamic Network Model ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
The Many ◽  
Decentralization And Centralization

Abstract A challenge faced by individuals and groups of many species is determining how resources and activities should be spatially distributed: centralized or decentralized. This distribution problem is hard to understand due to the many costs and benefits of each strategy in different settings. Ant colonies are faced by this problem and demonstrate two solutions: 1) centralizing resources in a single nest (monodomy) and 2) decentralizing by spreading resources across many nests (polydomy). Despite the possibilities for using this system to study the centralization/decentralization problem, the trade-offs associated with using either polydomy or monodomy are poorly understood due to a lack of empirical data and cohesive theory. Here, we present a dynamic network model of a population of ant nests which is based on observations of a facultatively polydomous ant species (Formica lugubris). We use the model to test several key hypotheses for costs and benefits of polydomy and monodomy and show that decentralization is advantageous when resource acquisition costs are high, nest size is limited, resources are clustered, and there is a risk of nest destruction, but centralization prevails when resource availability fluctuates and nest size is limited. Our model explains the phylogenetic and ecological diversity of polydomous ants, demonstrates several trade-offs of decentralization and centralization, and provides testable predictions for empirical work on ants and in other systems.

Decentralization and centralization

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 286-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Minas ◽  
Sharon Wright ◽  
Rik van Berkel
Keyword(s):  
Decentralization And Centralization
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