The Evolution of the Trinity: A 21st Century Hybrid War Theory

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Harp
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Trinity

THEORIES OF THE MISSIONARY VOCATION OF THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION IN POST-SOVIET PROTESTANTISM

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
Valentyn Syniy
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Theological Education ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Spiritual Education ◽  
General Recognition ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Formal Construction

It is emphasized that the involvement of missionary theology in the discussion of ways to develop spiritual education allowed post-soviet Protestantism to successfully overcome differences in the vision of the formal construction of education, and then move on to discussions about its content. There was a gradual overcoming of modern individualism, the growing role of communities, the replacement of monologue models of mission with dialogical ones. The idea of the seminary as a community that is not self-sufficient, but serves the church as a community, has gained general recognition. The church also came to be understood as serving an eschatological ideal community similar to the Trinity community. The formation of community and dialogical models of missionary and educational activity allows Ukrainian Protestantism to effectively adapt to the realities of the beginning of the 21st century and to be proactive in today's society.

scholarly journals Lawfare in Hybrid Wars: The 21st Century Warfare

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres B. Munoz Mosquera ◽  
Sascha Dov Bachmann
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Ethical Approach ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
International Rule

In the context of ‘Hybrid Warfare’ as 21st Century’s threat to peace and security, this paper intends to address the role of Lawfare. The use of law as a weapon, Lawfare, 1 can have a tangible impact on democratic States when their adversaries use it in an exploitative way. Lawfare can be used in the context of Hybrid War. 2 Examples of Hybrid Warfare as witnessed in the Russian/Ukrainian conflict of 2014/2015 and the ongoing conflict with Daesh are particularly sensitive to Lawfare due to an apparent asymmetric adherence to the international rule of law among involved actors. The different legal and ethical approach of democratic States in warfare and their non-democratic opponents in Hybrid War scenarios has the potential to impact negatively on the eventual prompt success of Western military actions. The authors argue that against this backdrop it is essential for law-abiding nations to adapt an approach which uses counter-Lawfare means in support of its own legitimate objectives and to prevent opponents from using it law as a weapon for their own strategic purposes.

THE STRATEGY OF WAGING HYBRID WARFARE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol XIV ◽  
pp. 0-1
Author(s):  
Adrian Mitręga
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Hybrid Threats ◽  
Hybrid War

Over the last decade, the concept of hybrid warfare has aroused great in-terest among the global community dealing with security issues, both military, and non-military. The specificity of hybrid warfare is that the fight is not for territories, but for the minds, and attitudes of citizens of other countries, and the means of combat are very sophisticated. Any hybrid war is based on a strategy that involves achievement victory by setting goals, overall plan and systematic impact on ene-my's vulnerabilities using a hybrid threat complex. In connection with the above, the aim of the article is to present the role of the strategy in waging hybrid war-fare, as well as in developing mechanisms to counteract hybrid threats.

Kimbanguism: Its Present Christian Doctrine and the Problems Raised by it

Exchange ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
The World ◽  
Doctrine Of The Trinity ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Participant Observer ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Trinity

AbstractAlthough the present publication does completely meet the requirements for an academic article, we have decided to publish it because of the insights it provides into the latest developments within the Kimbanguist Church in Congo. The author is a theologian who was Dean of the Kimbanguist Faculty of Theology in Lutendele near Kinshasa until mid 2003. He was deeply involved in the problems that arose in the beginning of the 21st century. He is also a person who is able to explain diligently the views of the different parties in the Kimbanguist Church. However, due to his own involvement in these developments the article has rather the character of a document written by a well-educated participant observer, who is very familiar with his subject, than that of a publication authored by a scholar who does his utmost to remain neutral.The document explains the theological, religious and contextual backdrops of the doctrine of the Trinity developed in the Kimbanguist Church, for in this church the persons of the Trinity are narrowly connected with the founder of the church and his family. Since 2001 these connections were even made more intense. Interestingly there are some Biblical reasons for it as well, but nonetheless the church seems to loose doctrinal familiarity with the other churches in the world through these new evolutions.

scholarly journals A Instrumentalização das Fake news nas Guerras Híbridas: uma análise a partir do Golpe na Bolívia (2019) | The Instrumentalization of Fake news in Hybrid Wars: an analysis based on the Coup in Bolivia (2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e60375
Author(s):  
Maria Beatriz Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Ana Elisi Carbone Anversa ◽  
Thomaz Delgado De David
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Present Article ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Global Center ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Hybrid War

Considerando as transformações do capitalismo e a reconfiguração do imperialismo, as Guerras Híbridas surgem no século XXI como parte de uma nova estratégia para a desestabilização política da periferia global. Sua tática mescla diferentes tipos de ataques, inclusive virtuais, com a finalidade de destituir governantes e realinhar politicamente os países atingidos aos interesses do centro global, especialmente dos Estados Unidos. À vista disso, o presente artigo objetiva identificar como as fake news foram instrumentalizadas na Guerra Híbrida contra a Bolívia, que culminou na renúncia do então Presidente Evo Morales, em 2019. Para tanto, emprega-se o método de abordagem materialista histórico-dialético, o método de procedimento histórico e a técnica de pesquisa documental. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a instrumentalização das fake news ocorreu de maneira sistemática, manipuladora e impactou a ocorrência do golpe em um contexto de Guerra Híbrida.Palavras-chaves: Guerras Híbridas; Bolívia; Estados Unidos.ABSTRACTConsidering the transformations of capitalism and the reconfiguration of imperialism, the Hybrid Wars emerge in the 21st century as part of a new strategy for the political destabilization of the global periphery. Its tactic mixes different types of attacks, including virtual ones, with the purpose of removing governors and to politically realign the affected countries to the interests of the global center, especially of the United States. Considering this, the present article aims to identify how fake news were instrumentalized in the Hybrid War against Bolivia, which culminated in the resignation of then President Evo Morales, in 2019. In order to that, the historical-dialectical materialist approach is employed, as well as the historical procedure method and the documentary research technique. The results obtained indicate that the instrumentalization of fake news occurred in a systematic and manipulative way and impacted the occurrence of the coup in a Hybrid War context.Keywords:  Hybrid Wars; Bolivia; United States. Recebido em: 10 jun. 2021 | Aceito em: 19/09/21.

scholarly journals Rosyjska wizja Ukrainy i Ukraińców przejawem wojny hybrydowej

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri MAKAR ◽  
Liudmila NOVOSKOLTSEVA
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
International Community ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Hybrid War

Artykuł przybliża kwestię rosyjskiej wojny hybrydowej przeciwko Ukrainie i jej agresywną strategię manipulowania obrazu Ukrainy na świecie. Autorzy zagłę-bili się w problem ujawniając rosyjską ingerencję w wewnętrzne sprawy Ukra-iny. Autorzy są zdania, iż agresja Rosji popierana jest ideologicznie przez wszystkie kraje tzw. rosyjskiego świata. W artykule podkreślono, że wspomina-ny „rosyjski świat”, ustanowiony na początku XXI w., jest nawiązaniem ideo-wym do tradycji panslawistycznego panowania w Europie. Zdaniem Autorów wojna hybrydowa prowadzona przeciwko Ukrainie od 2014 r. jest wyrazem realizowania idei „rosyjskiego świata”, a agresywna działalność Rosji stanowi zagrożenie dla sąsiednich państw i społeczności międzynarodowej The article discloses Russia’s hybrid warfare against Ukraine and its belliger-ent strategy to manipulate the Russians’ vision of Ukraine. The authors criti-cally delved into the problem of Russia’s justifying its aggression and interfer-ence in the internal affairs of Ukraine. The authors are convinced that Russia’s undeniable aggression was urged by the Russian World’s ideological and polit-ical practices. The authors emphasized that the Russian world, being officially established in early 21st century, developed and adjusted its tradition of pan Slavic domineering, which was propagated so far as in early 19th century. The authors as well as other scholars draw the conclusion that the Russia’s aggres-sion against Ukraine, waged out as a hybrid warfare in 2014 and resulted in the Russian World ideology, which main target is Ukraine, but, what is more important, Russia’s hybrid war poses the threat to both neighboring counties and the international community.

God

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale B. Martin
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Divine Simplicity ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Doctrine Of The Trinity ◽  
The Trinity

Even if ancient biblical writers did not have the philosophical training to have anticipated later Christian doctrines such as the transcendence or immanence of God, divine simplicity, even the doctrine of the trinity, postmodern Christians should not be constrained by those historical limits from reading the New Testament to arrive at robust, though sometimes complex, theologies of the nature of God and of what it means to say, in the 21st century, “I believe in God.”

scholarly journals THE TRANSDNIESTRIAN CONFLICT AS A PHENOMENON OF HYBRID WAR

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Gorbatiuc
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Political Settlement

Abstract: Hybrid warfare is predominant tendency in the 21st century, therefore all states should take into consideration the possible threats and results caused by hybrid warfare strategies and tactics. Likewise, the elements of hybrid warfare are discussed from the recent conflicts. With all ensuing consequences, the article analyzes all possible evidence to detect future expansion of untraditional warfare. The important role the OSCE plays in supporting the Transdniestrian conflict. We underline the need to advance the work of the Permanent Conference on Political Issues in the Framework of the Negotiation Process for the Transdniestrian Settlement in the “5+2” format as the only mechanism to achieve a comprehensive and sustainable resolution of the conflict. Emphasize the need to achieve tangible progress in the negotiations on all three baskets of the agreed agenda for the negotiation process. Express satisfaction with the commitment of the political representatives and programs of political parties to meet on a regular basis and encourage the sides to increase the continuity and effectiveness of the process. To this end, the Mission facilitates co-operation in Moldova is to help achieve a comprehensive, just and lasting political settlement of the Transdniestrian conflict based on the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Moldova and a special status for Transdniestria.

scholarly journals „Jak to się stało, że masz syna z nowym Bondem?” – kobiece, męskie i boskie w poezji Justyny Bargielskiej

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Jarosław Fazan
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
Value System ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Independent Form ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Trinity

The paper applies to the work of one of the most important Polish writers of the last decade. Bargielska combines bold poetic experiments with a keen testimony of an ordinary life of a young woman, who experiences life in the beginning of the 21st century in Poland. On the one hand, the poet declares a conservative worldview (her value system is based on the “trinity”: Catholicism, heterosexuality, motherhood), on the other hand, she brutally and mercilessly uncovers the subjugation of a woman in the world of a male-dominated language. Her writing deconstructs this system, as it discovers the literature as a space for the practice of personal freedom beyond the slogans and ideological divisions; she manages to create her own independent form of existence. The poet renews feminine way of being through the deconstruction of religious myths and cultural stereotypes, confronted with the physiological and social reality.

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