Through-Tubing Inflatable Technology Deployed on a Downhole Tractor System Provides Real-Time Cost Savings

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Michael Kelbie ◽  
John D. MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Time Cost

Proactive Cost Impact Assessments of Design Alternatives

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Falque
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Substantial Cost ◽  
Cost Impact ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
The Cost

This paper discusses how a process-based parametric cost model, SEER-DFM, is used to facilitate the proactive real time cost impact assessment of composite and metallic design alternatives. The main purpose is to introduce the underlying methodology and demonstrate the flexibility of the cost model for developing trade studies. Readers are introduced to the model, its premise, and how engineers use it to obtain substantial cost savings through ‘real world’ cases.

CompactRIO Based Real Time Implementation of AES Algorithm for Embedded Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
El Adib Samir ◽  
Raissouni Naoufal
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Software Design ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Advanced Encryption Standard ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Security Applications ◽  
Aes Algorithm ◽  
Embedded Applications ◽  
Different Levels

For real-time embedded applications, several factors (time, cost, power) that are moving security considerations from a function-centric perspective into a system architecture (hardware/software) design issue. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) adopts Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as the most widely used encryption algorithm in many security applications. The AES algorithm specifies 10, 12 and 14 rounds offering different levels of security. Although the number of rounds determines the strength of security, the power consumption issue has risen recently, especially in real-time embedded systems. In this article, the authors present real time implementation of the AES encryption on the compactRIO platform for a different number of AES rounds. The target hardware is NI cRIO-9022 embedded real-time controller from National Instruments (NI). The real time encryption processing has been verified successfully. The power consumption and encryption time experimental results are presented graphically for 10, 12 and 14 rounds of processing.

Traceability of real-time reference gas generation for reactive gaseous compounds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Rajamäki ◽  
Sari Saxholm
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Atmospheric Measurements ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Uncertainty Calculation

<p>For reactive gaseous compounds, limited availability of bottled standard gases often limits their measurement accuracy and comparability. Typically, an available reference gas concentration range for the specific compounds may be limited to even orders of magnitude higher than the levels normally measured at atmospheric measurements and most often only dry reference gases in inert matrices, typically nitrogen, are available. This means that when applying test gases from cylinders humidity in measurement system may cause significantly longer measurement response than in normal operation.</p><p> </p><p>A real-time reference gas generation is an effective method to circumvent these obstacles. Controlled evaporation of the reference solution enables flexible and reliable generation of test gases in wide concentration and flow ranges as well as in different gas matrices. The method is useable in field conditions and it may provide cost savings since necessary consumables include solely pure carrier gas and solution of the studied chemical with know concentration.</p><p> </p><p>We validate this method for different reactive gaseous compounds and key impurities. For mercury chloride, the most typical form of oxidised mercury in process emissions and atmosphere, reference gas with concentration ranging from sub-ng/m<sup>3</sup> to tens of µg/m<sup>3</sup> is generated. In case of typical base and acid trace impurities, ammonia, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride, the reference gases are generated in (bio-) methane and air matrices. In all cases studied, the stabilization time of generating gas flow is no longer, than some minutes. Accuracy and traceability of the generated gas concentration are estimated based on full uncertainty calculation as well as comparison with traceable reference gas standards.</p>

scholarly journals Development of a smartphone-based real time cost-effective VOC sensor

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e05167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmay Das ◽  
Mrittika Mohar
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Voc Sensor

Quantification of the aflatoxin biocontrol strain Aspergillus flavus AF36 in soil, and nuts and leaves of pistachio by real-time PCR

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA TERESA GARCÍA LOPEZ ◽  
Yong Luo ◽  
Alejandro Ortega-Beltran ◽  
Ramon Jaime ◽  
Juan Moral Moral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Important Time ◽  
Biocontrol Strain

The species Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus are commonly found in the soils of nut-growing areas in California. Several isolates can produce aflatoxins that occasionally contaminate nut kernels conditioning their sale. The strain AF36 of A. flavus, which does not produce aflatoxins, is registered as a biocontrol agent for use in almond, pistachio, and fig crops in California. After application in the orchards, AF36 displaces aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus spp. and thus reduces aflatoxin contamination. Vegetative compatibility assays (VCA) have traditionally been used to track AF36 in soils and crops where it has been applied. However, VCA is labor-intensive and time-consuming. Here, we developed a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) protocol to quantify proportions of AF36 accurately and efficiently in different substrates. Specific primers to target AF36 and toxigenic strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus were designed based on sequence of aflC, a gene essential for aflatoxin biosynthesis. Standard curves were generated to calculate proportions of AF36 based on threshold values (Cq). Verification assays using pure DNA and conidial suspension mixtures demonstrated a significant relationship by regression analysis between known and qPCR-measured AF36 proportions in DNA (R2 = 0.974; P < 0.001) and conidia mixtures (R2 = 0.950; P < 0.001). The tests conducted by qPCR in pistachio leaves, nuts, and soil samples demonstrated the usefulness of the qPCR method to precisely quantify proportions of AF36 in diverse substrates, ensuring important time and cost savings. The outputs of the current study will serve to design better aflatoxin management strategies for pistachio and other crops.

World's First Successful Coiled Tubing Intervention to Stimulate Four Laterals in a Single Trip

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Matar ◽  
Abdullah B. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Nakul Khandelwal ◽  
Sapna Chawla ◽  
Mohammad Alkreebani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Control

Abstract Drilling a multilateral well is generally recommended for several reasons such as achieving higher productivity indices and improving recovery in tight, low-permeable zones. While the many benefits of multilateral wells are attractive, they also have drawbacks which make these wells challenging. A key challenge is how to effectively stimulate all the laterals after they have been drilled. This paper presents the application of a unique intervention technique in a multilateral well to stimulate several laterals in a single run. To increase reservoir contact area the operator drilled a multilateral well composed of 4 legs. This was carried out despite the absence of proven ways to stimulate each lateral individually. This intervention would also present the following challenges: Well displacement and stimulation would require multiple re-entries into each lateral, all conducted from a drilling rig. All the laterals were known to branch off from the low side of the bore, so individual lateral and main-bore selection would be complex. Extended reach laterals require accurate friction lockup modelling and mitigations. The unique solution presented in this paper includes the use of real-time Hybrid cable coiled tubing (RTHCT) technology. This incorporates a hybrid cable installed in the coiled tubing (CT) string and a modular sensing bottom-hole assembly (MSBHA). Electrically controlled indexing tool, inclination sensor, tool-face sensor, and hydraulic knuckle joint were used as part of the BHA to enable real-time diagnostics and dynamic controls from surface to successfully enter the lateral legs. The MSBHA enabled the orientation of the BHA electrically to any position required using software to determine and control the exact position of the BHA. This paper presents a solution to all the above-mentioned challenges. It discusses the successful implementation of the RTHCT to displace and stimulate all the 4 laterals in a single CT trip in less than seven days, pumping over 7,000 bbls of various chemical systems and covering an open-hole length of 11,176 ft. Unlike other technologies, the RTHCT technology confirmed entries into the laterals without the need to tag the bottom of the lateral, saving substantial time. Enabling re-entry in these 4 laterals represented a world record translating into major efficiency improvements and cost savings for the project. This intervention also represented the first time in Kuwait that more than 2 laterals have been accessed in a CT run.

36 Using Pressure Mapping to Understand and Prevent Hospital-Acquired Pressure Injuries in the Burn ICU

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S28-S28
Author(s):  
Leen El Eter ◽  
Pooja S Yesantharao ◽  
Vidhi Javia ◽  
Emily h Werthman ◽  
Carrie A Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Mapping Data ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Pressure Mapping ◽  
Pressure Injury ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Introduction Real-time pressure mapping devices may help prevent hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) in Burn ICU (BICU) patients who are at a high baseline risk for HAPIs. While prior studies have demonstrated the utility of pressure monitoring devices in preventing pressure injuries, there has been little investigation into using pressure mapping data to better understand HAPI development, and to determine specific predictors of HAPIs. Such data could help risk stratify patients upon admission to the BICU and result in improved patient care as well as cost savings. This study retrospectively investigated the utility of pressure mapping data in predicting/preventing pressure injury among BICU patients, and estimated HAPI-related cost savings associated with the implementation of pressure monitoring. Methods This was a retrospective chart review of real-time pressure mapping in the BICU. Incidence of HAPIs and costs of HAPI-related care were determined through clinical record review, before and after implementation of pressure mapping. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to determine predictors of HAPIs, in the context of pressure mapping recordings. Results In total, 122 burn ICU patients met inclusion criteria during the study period, of whom 57 (47%) were studied prior to implementation of pressure mapping, and 65 (53%) were studied after implementation. The HAPI rate was 18% prior to implementation of pressure monitoring, which declined to 8% after implementation (chi square: p=0.10). HAPIs were more likely to be less severe in the post-implementation cohort (p&lt; 0.0001). Upon multivariable-adjusted regression accounting for known predictors of HAPIs in burn patients (BMI, length of stay, co-morbidities, age, total body surface area burned, mobility), having had at least 12 hours of sustained pressure loading in one area significantly increased odds of developing a pressure injury in that area (odds ratio 1.3, 95%CI 1.0–1.5, p=0.04). When comparing patients who developed HAPIs to those who did not, pressure mapping demonstrated that patients who developed HAPIs were significantly more likely to have had unsuccessful repositioning efforts prior to HAPI development, defined as persistent high pressure in the at-risk area (60% versus 17%, respectively; p=0.02). Finally, implementation of pressure mapping resulted in significant cost savings ($2,063 prior to implementation, versus $1,082 after implementation, p=0.008). Conclusions The use of real-time pressure mapping decreased incidence of HAPIs in the burn ICU patients and resulted in significant cost savings.

Using Data-Mining CRISP-DM Methodology to Predict Drilling Troubles in Real-Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salem Al Gharbi ◽  
Abdulaziz Al-Majed ◽  
Abdulazeez Abdulraheem ◽  
Shirish Patil ◽  
Salaheldin Elkatatny
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Artificial Intelligent ◽  
Practice Parameters ◽  
Intelligent Technology

Abstract Drilling is considered one of the most challenging and costly operations in the oil and gas industry. Several initiatives were applied to reduce the cost and increase the effectiveness of drilling operations. One of the frequent difficulties that faces these operations is unexpected drilling troubles that take place and stops the operation, resulting in losing a lot of time and money, and could lead to safety issues culminating in a fatality situation. For that, the industry is in continues efforts to prevent drilling troubles. Part of these efforts is utilizing the artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to identify troubles in advance and prevent them before maturing to a serious situation. Multiple approaches were tried; however, errors and significant deviation were observed when comparing the prediction results to the actual drilling data. This could be due to the improper design of the artificial intelligent technology or inappropriate data processing. Therefore, searching for dynamic and adequate artificial intelligent technology and encapsulated data processing model is very essential. This paper presents an effective data-mining methodology to determine the most efficient artificial intelligent technology and the applicable data processing techniques, to identify the early symptoms of drilling troubles in real-time. This methodology is CRISP-DM that stands for Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining. This methodology consists of the following phases: Business Understanding, Data Understanding, Data Preparation, Modeling, Evaluation and Deployment. During these phases, multiple data-quality techniques were applied to improve the reliability of the real-time data. The developed model presented a significant improvement in identifying the drilling troubles in advance, compared to the current practice. Parameters such as hook-load and bit-depth, were studied. Actual data from several oil fields were used to develop and validate this smart model. This model provided the drilling engineers and operation crew with bigger window to mitigate the situation and resolve it, prevent the occurrence of several drilling troubles, result in big time and cost savings. In addition to the time and cost savings, CRISP-DM provided the artificial intelligent experts and the drilling domain experts with a framework to exchange knowledge and sharply increase the synergy between the two domains, which lead to a common and clear understanding, and long-term successful drilling and AI teams collaboration. The novelty of this paper is the introduction of data-mining CRIPS methodology for the first time in the prediction of drilling troubles. It enabled the development of a successful artificial intelligence model that outperformed other drilling troubles prediction practices.

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