scholarly journals Fishermen's local ecological knowledge on Southeastern Brazilian coastal fishes: contributions to research, conservation, and management

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato A. M. Silvano ◽  
Alpina Begossi
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
And Migration

We analyzed fishermen's local ecological knowledge (LEK) about the feeding habits, trophic interactions, habitats, fishing grounds, migration, and reproduction of nine coastal fishes in Búzios Island, southeastern Brazilian coast. We interviewed 39 fishermen using standardized questionnaires. Fishermen's LEK on habitat use and trophic interactions for the studied fishes agreed with the scientific literature, allowing the organization of reef and pelagic food webs. The interviewed fishermen mentioned that submerged rock formations would be important habitats for some large commercial fishes, such as Seriola spp., Caranx latus and Epinephelus marginatus. In some instances there was no scientific data to be compared with fishermen's LEK, and thus this kind of knowledge would be the only available source of information, such as for reproduction and migration of most of the studied fishes. We suggest herein ways to apply fishermen's LEK to develop and improve fisheries management measures, such as zoning of marine space, marine protected areas, and closed fishing seasons. Fishermen's LEK may be an important and feasible support to fisheries management and co-management.

scholarly journals The Importance of Values in Predicting and Encouraging Environmental Behavior: Reflections From a Costa Rican Small-Scale Fishery

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Sánchez-Jiménez ◽  
Douglas MacMillan ◽  
Matthias Wolff ◽  
Achim Schlüter ◽  
Marie Fujitani
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Ecosystem Modeling ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Management Measures

Encouraging people’s pro-environmental behaviors is an objective of Education for Sustainable Development. In the context of small-scale fisheries, unsustainable fishing practices are compromising the integrity of coastal communities and ecosystems. Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) is an ecosystem modeling software that presents interactions/changes in the food web as a result of fishing. Despite the multiple applications of EwE in fisheries management, it is unknown from a quantitative perspective whether the application of EwE trophic modeling in environmental education processes and management produces effects on norms and ecological beliefs, and if it alters behavioral intentions of the participants receiving ecosystem modeling information. We conducted a behavior change intervention with gillnet fishers in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, to compare antecedents of pro-environmental behavior between participants who received an ecosystem-based intervention (lectures containing EwE models; treatment) and those who received lectures that didn’t involve EwE (control). Based on theories of environmental psychology, we used a pre–post survey design, to evaluate changes between control/treatment, and to assess the influence of psychometric constructs and fishing characteristics on the behavioral intentions to support sustainable fishing measures and owning a fishing license (revealed behavior). Personal norms and values were significant at explaining management measures’ support, along with some fishing characteristics (e.g., fishing site). Deliberating about possible future scenarios (via EwE-modeling) helped reduce uncertainties, increasing legitimacy and a perceived behavioral control (PBC) to support measures. Currently, licenses in the Gulf aren’t granted under defined ecological criteria, and although altruistic-biospheric values scored highly before the intervention began, due to mistrust and high illegal-unlicensed fishing, fishers may be underestimating how much others care about the environment. Value-oriented and ecosystem-based interventions may assist to effectively redesign the licensing system and encourage fishers to support sustainable measures. Our research indicates the importance of education interventions that teach about the impacts of fishing in the ecosystem while helping participants to perceive themselves as capable of implementing actions (PBC) and expressing biospheric-altruistic values to restore trust. Redirecting human behaviors to reconnect with ecosystem resilience can be a leverage point for sustainability and for the compliance of small-scale fisheries management measures.

scholarly journals Practical issues in choosing a framework for resource assessment and management of Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. CADDY
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Local Context ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Practical Constraints

Local context and practical constraints are important in deciding on assessment procedures for Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries, and in formulating management measures that reflect the resource life history, fishery configuration and availability of data. A brief review of existing methods is provided, and a recommendation that practical approaches need to focus on developing the indicators and reference points appropriate for fisheries management decisions. In both the Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea proper, experience suggests environmental and ecosystem concerns must be given a high priority in the assessment process.

The 1995 United Nations Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks Agreement: Management, Enforcement and Dispute Settlement

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Örebech ◽  
Ketill Sigurjonsson ◽  
Ted L. McDorman
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Coastal State ◽  
Management Measures

AbstractThe 1995 UN Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks Agreement is designed to implement the management principles of the LOS Convention applicable to these stocks. This contribution focuses upon those aspects of the 1995 Agreement related to surveillance and enforcement, dispute settlement and the role and competence of regional fisheries management organisations (RFOs). The Agreement seeks to delegate fisheries management authority over straddling stocks to the RFOs. A key issue that will confront an RFO will be compatibility of management measures inside and outside the 200-nautical mile zone. An RFO will have to choose between a "top down" (the RFO managing the entire stock) or a "bottom up" (the coastal state having independent authority within 200 nautical miles) approach. While the 1995 Agreement is careful not to trample upon coastal state jurisdiction within 200 nautical miles, the preferred resource management approach supported by the 1995 Agreement and this contribution is the "top down" model.

Are fisheries management, measures in Lake Victoria successful? The case of Nile perch and Nile tilapia fishery

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Njiru ◽  
P. Nzungi ◽  
A. Getabu ◽  
E. Wakwabi ◽  
A. Othina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Nile Perch ◽  
Management Measures

scholarly journals KONSEP HAK PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN SEBAGAI ALAT PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Halim ◽  
Budy Wiryawan ◽  
Neil R Loneragan ◽  
M. Fedi A Sondita ◽  
Adrian Hordyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The Right

Pengelolaan perikanan di Indonesia saat ini belum sepenuhnya mampu mengatasi motivasi perlombaan menangkap ikan. Kondisi yang dikenal sebagai open access ini, perlu segera diatasi untuk mencegah berlanjutnya tangkap lebih. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan konsep Hak Pengelolaan Perikanan (HPP), yang berpotensi diterapkan sebagai alat pengelolaan perikanan termasuk yang berada dekat pantai di Indonesia untuk mengatasi masalah perikanan open access. Metoda qualitative content analysis yang ditriangulasi melalui diskusi kelompok terfokus melibatkan para ahli, pengambil keputusan dan praktisi, digunakan untuk menjelaskan konsep HPP di Indonesia. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan pengelolaan HPP melegitimasi entitas pemegang HPP mengamankan kesempatannya menangkap ikan secara ekslusif dengan mencegah pihak lain mengeksploitasi sumber daya ikan secara berlebihan. Pembelajaran dari negara lain menunjukkan bahwa HPP yang diintegrasikan kedalam kerangka rencana pengelolaan perikanan, bisa mengatasi permasalahan perikanan open access, karena mampu meredam motivasi dan tindakan nelayan dalam melakukan perlombaan menangkap ikan. Penggunaan ilmu pengetahuan kontemporer dan kearifan lokal dalam menentukan batasan tangkapan lestari dibarengi dengan upaya pemantauan dan penegakan aturan menentukan keberhasilan penerapannya. Terlihat juga bahwa praktek tradisional seperti Sasi di Maluku yang dimungkinkan oleh adanya pengakuan hak ulayat ‘petuanan laut’ merupakan konsep pemanfaatan sumber daya alam secara eksklusif yang selaras dengan esensi dari HPP. Direkomendasikan agar model pengelolaan berbasis HPP ini dilegitimasi kedalam peraturan perundang-undangan, termasuk Undang-Undang Perikanan Republik Indonesia. The existing management measures of Indonesian fisheries has not yet successfully resolved the overfishing. Fishers are still motivated to race for fish resources as typically occurs in an open access fisheries. This circumstance must be addressed immediately to prevent fisheries collapse. This research aims to describe a concept of Fisheries Management Rights (FMRs) as a management tool. This concept is potentially applicable in Indonesia, especially for near-shore fisheries. A qualitative content analysis method, triangulated through focus group discussions that involved experts, decision makers and practitioners was used to describe FMRs concept. The results indicated that this approach legitimizes the entities of the right holders to secure their exploitation right and to prevent others from over exploiting their fisheries resources. Lessons learnt from other countries showed that this approach that have been  integrated within fisheries management plan, successfully addressed open access problem as it prevents fishers’ motivation to the race for fish. This approach need the contemporary and traditional sciences to inform allowable catch to ensure the success implementation. For instance, “Sasi”, traditional fishing right in Maluku  is have similar framework with the contemporary FMRs. Therefore, FMRs should be acknowledged and adopted into Indonesian’ regulations to prevent the over-exploitation

Marine Protected Areas in Fiji: a critical assessment of ‘Community Fisheries Management and Development Plans’ as a mechanism for formalising customary MPAs, in particular LMMAs

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Emily Long
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Marine Management ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Community Fisheries ◽  
Marine Areas

Fiji's National Government has committed to using Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to protect its marine environment. As Fiji is in the process of reforming its marine law, now is an opportune time to develop statutory mechanisms for establishing and regulating MPAs. This article considers the regulation of MPAs in Fiji's coastal waters—where the intersection of statutory and customary law poses particular challenges. ‘Customary MPAs’ already exist in Fiji's coastal environments, taking the form of tabu areas and ‘Locally Managed Marine Areas’ (LMMAs). Both of these are important mechanisms that any new statutory framework should incorporate and strengthen. In 2010, the draft Inshore Fisheries Decree (draft Inshore Decree) was prepared. Although the draft Inshore Decree appears to have stalled, it may yet be progressed to a final bill. Alternatively, some of the measures in it may be incorporated into another law. This article assesses one mechanism in the draft Inshore Decree that could be used to formalize customary MPAs—Community Fisheries Management and Development Plans (CFMDPs). It finds that CFMDPs demonstrate a number of strengths, in particular by supporting legal recognition of existing marine management measures. However, there are also weaknesses. Nevertheless, with refinement CFMDPs may be a useful tool for regulating Fiji's coastal MPAs.

scholarly journals Ecological data from observer programmes underpin ecosystem-based fisheries management

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1481-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Gilman ◽  
Mariska Weijerman ◽  
Petri Suuronen
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Ecosystem Models ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Ecological Risk Assessments ◽  
Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management ◽  
Data Requirements

Abstract Data required from fisheries monitoring programmes substantially expand as management authorities transition to implement elements of ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). EBFM extends conventional approaches of managing single fishery effects on individual stocks of target species by taking into account the effects, within a defined ecosystem, of local to regional fisheries on biodiversity, from genotypes to ecological communities. This includes accounting for fishery effects on evolutionary processes, associated and dependent species, habitats, trophic food web processes, and functionally linked systems. Despite seemingly insurmountable constraints, through examples, we demonstrate how data routinely collected in most observer programmes and how minor and inexpensive expansions of observer data fields and collection protocols supply ecological data underpinning EBFM. Observer data enable monitoring bycatch, including catch and mortality of endangered, threatened and protected species, and assessing the performance of bycatch management measures. They provide a subset of inputs for ecological risk assessments, including productivity–susceptibility analyses and multispecies and ecosystem models. Observer data are used to monitor fishery effects on habitat and to identify and protect benthic vulnerable marine ecosystems. They enable estimating collateral sources of fishing mortality. Data from observer programmes facilitate monitoring ecosystem pressure and state indicators. The examples demonstrate how even rudimentary fisheries management systems can meet the ecological data requirements of elements of EBFM.

Ecosystem Considerations in Fisheries Management: Theory and Practice

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Fishing Fleets ◽  
Management Approaches

AbstractThis article examines recent developments with respect to the development and application of an ecosystem approach in marine fisheries management. A number of international fisheries legal instruments now include explicit references to ecosystem considerations. While there has been general agreement on the need to take ecosystem considerations into account, there is no clarity or consensus on how this can best be done. Various definitions of an ecosystem approach emphasise that the focus must be on managing the human activities, which are part of, and impact on, marine ecosystems. An ecosystem approach is neither inconsistent with, nor a replacement for, existing fisheries management approaches—it is not a panacea for the problems confronting world fisheries. Realistically, we can only move to an ecosystem approach incrementally, starting with more rigorous/cautious application and extension of single species methods. A key element of any ecosystem approach will likely be to set harvest rates for target species at even lower conservative levels than might be suggested by single species analysis. Fisheries management measures should also ensure the protection not only of target species, but also of non-target, associated or dependent species. Reducing the killing power of the world's fishing fleets is an essential component of ecosystem-based fisheries management.

scholarly journals The necessity for response indicators in fisheries management

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Piet ◽  
H. M. J. van Overzee ◽  
M. A. Pastoors
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Scientific Advice ◽  
Potential Response ◽  
Total Allowable Catch ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Response Indicators

Abstract Piet, G. J., van Overzee, H. M. J., and Pastoors, M. A. 2010. The necessity for response indicators in fisheries management. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 559–566. Results are used from traditional fisheries management to explore two potential response indicators: (i) the extent to which scientific advice is incorporated in decision-making, and (ii) the compliance of industry and the relevant authorities to these decisions. Based on the most comprehensive set of data on the management process of 125 stocks for which ICES provided advice over the period 1987–2006, we explored these response indicators and found that for just 8% of the stocks, the official total allowable catch (TAC) equalled the scientific advice, and that in recent years the official TAC overshot scientific advice by >50%. Compliance levels appear to be reflected in the percentage of stocks for which landings exceeded the official TAC, decreasing from ∼8 to 2%. However, because the TAC appears not to be limiting, compliance may not be the most appropriate indicator. Without transparent decision-making that takes scientific advice into account, or the compliance of industry as reflected by the type of response indicators explored, the effectiveness of new developments in fisheries management, such as the application of an ecosystem approach, will be compromised, as has been the case with conventional fisheries management measures.

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