Socio-demographic profile, nutritional and health status of fishermen: A Review

Fisheries sector is considered as fast-growing sector in India. At present fish production has increased over time, but it doesn’t change the economic conditions of the fishing community. Fisheries’ daily income is very low and varied depending upon capture of fish and their income isn’t steady. Fisheries aren’t only engaged in fishing, they also engage in other jobs because fisheries get less amount of profit of margin and this occupation is not continue all over the year. Various study reported that their educational and economical status was not satisfactory. Large family sizes, lack of regularity in alternative occupation, lack of own fishing gear is the main cause of poverty of fishermen. Most of them lived in mud made house or katcha house and addicted to tobacco or alcohol. Few studies revealed the dietary iron deficiency, low iron absorption, protein and micronutrient deficiencies and infections which lead to poor nutritional status of the fisherman. Study also reported that fishermen are a special group with some unfavorable life styles and vulnerable for injuries, skin and respiratory problems, filarial and certain other diseases. Based on the literature, it may be stated that there is need to specifically target and improve the occupational lifestyle of fishermen and various interventions like nutrition and health promotion activities, educational issues to be addressed. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.707-713

Zero Waste Concept Of Strengthening And Food Safety Results Of Libuo Community Fisheries Residents Of Dungingi District Gorontalo City

The potential of fishery resources in Gorontalo is quite abundant because of its strategic geographical position bordering Tomini bay. Gorontalo, especially in the Dungingi District, is one of the regions with promising potential fisheries resources where fishery application activities are not only focused on fish cultivation but also processing fishery products. However, people's understanding of fish processing that can only be obtained from their meat makes the community's income in the Libuo Village, Dungingi District Gorontalo City tend to be unstable. The Libuo community as fishery product processing actors need to be given an understanding of the potential and diversification of fishery products that can be produced from by-products that can be obtained from bones, scales, stomach contents, heads, and fish skins so that the application of zero waste can be implemented. Also, as an effort to increase public understanding related to the shelf life of fishery products which tends to be fast, the use of carrageenan as an alternative to edible coatings needs to be introduced to the community as a form of food safety of fishery products. Thus the benefits will be gained from increasing the added value of fisheries and a better level of food safety.

Drivers and barriers to sustainable fisheries in two peri-urban impoundments in Zimbabwe

Fisheries sustainability is categorised through four conceptual pillars: ecological, economic, and social, including cultural and institutional. Much work on fisheries sustainability has been done in marine fisheries relative to inland fisheries. Two inland peri-urban impoundments, Chivero and Manyame in Zimbabwe, support numerous small-scale fisheries; however, environmental and socioeconomic variables threaten the sustainability of the fisheries. This study aimed to identify and contextualise drivers and barriers to sustainability of small-scale fisheries in these two peri-urban impoundments. We applied three frameworks, Fishery Performance Indicators, Community-Based Fishery Indicators and FAO Small-Scale Fisheries Indicators, to identify and contextualise the drivers and barriers. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data from fishers in the two impoundments. A structured questionnaire was administered to 115 fishers in 23 fishing companies operating in the two lakes. Fisheries income and revenue as well as food security are key drivers. Lack of post-harvest equipment, volatile fish markets, water quality and quantity deterioration and fish stock decreases are key barriers to sustainability of fisheries in the two impoundments. There are subtle differences in the extent and impact of the drivers and barriers of fisheries sustainability in the two lakes. The differences relate to the uniqueness of the aquatic habitats, social constructs and fisheries operational frameworks in each lake. This suggests a need to assess fisheries sustainability using an integrated bottom-up approach starting from individual fisheries < community fisheries < global/generic fisheries.

Marine Protected Areas in Fiji: a critical assessment of ‘Community Fisheries Management and Development Plans’ as a mechanism for formalising customary MPAs, in particular LMMAs

Fiji's National Government has committed to using Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to protect its marine environment. As Fiji is in the process of reforming its marine law, now is an opportune time to develop statutory mechanisms for establishing and regulating MPAs. This article considers the regulation of MPAs in Fiji's coastal waters—where the intersection of statutory and customary law poses particular challenges. ‘Customary MPAs’ already exist in Fiji's coastal environments, taking the form of tabu areas and ‘Locally Managed Marine Areas’ (LMMAs). Both of these are important mechanisms that any new statutory framework should incorporate and strengthen. In 2010, the draft Inshore Fisheries Decree (draft Inshore Decree) was prepared. Although the draft Inshore Decree appears to have stalled, it may yet be progressed to a final bill. Alternatively, some of the measures in it may be incorporated into another law. This article assesses one mechanism in the draft Inshore Decree that could be used to formalize customary MPAs—Community Fisheries Management and Development Plans (CFMDPs). It finds that CFMDPs demonstrate a number of strengths, in particular by supporting legal recognition of existing marine management measures. However, there are also weaknesses. Nevertheless, with refinement CFMDPs may be a useful tool for regulating Fiji's coastal MPAs.

Savings-Group Improvements Contribute to Sustainable Community-Fisheries Management: A Case Study in Cambodia

Small-scale community fishers dominate fisheries in Cambodia. In the central floodplain of Cambodia, 35% of rural dwellers are part-time fishers and 15% full-time fishers. By 2012, the Cambodian government had abolished all commercial fishing lots and put these resources under the management of community fisheries. One challenge in the implementation of community-fisheries management is budget shortages and resultant livelihood stress. To address this problem, savings groups were established. The Sustainable Communities International program provided establishment and facilitation support for savings groups in 10 community fisheries in the Kampong Chhnang Province. The savings groups were recognized as useful support facilities, meeting the needs of community fishers and sustainable community fisheries operations. However, there were concerns about the sustainability of the savings groups and the fisheries. To date, there are no documented case studies of savings groups for community fisheries. This study was conducted in two community fisheries in the Kampong Chhnang Province. We found that the internal rules of the savings group must reflect the opinions and perceptions of the members to ensure sustainable operation. Education and integrated livelihood activities were important considerations in encouraging participation. These insights are also useful for community fisheries elsewhere.

New Governance Models for Managing Coastal Fisheries

After the disastrous collapse of the groundfish fisheries in California, fishermen from a number of California coastal communities were prepared to try something different to secure their livelihoods. With the support of a multinational non-governmental organization (ngo), these fishermen committed to sharing previously proprietary information, implementing conservation practices, and pooling quota. This article queries what lessons there might be for Asia-Pacific coastal community fisheries from the “California coastal model.” The article proposes three lessons: (1) ngo investments can change the long-term viability of a fishery (2) local fishery management by a group that identifies itself as a community may be effective for fisheries recovery; and (3) community or group quotas and rights can support sustainability objectives.