Financial context of ceec process of privatization and restructuring (czech republic, poland, hungary)

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Chvojka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
Eastern Enlargement ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Successful Transition ◽  
Eu Eastern Enlargement ◽  
The Eu

As EU Eastern enlargement draws nearer, CEE countries - especially those with the best chance to become EU members in the first group - have to get prepared for the EU environment, where they will be exposed to new competitive pressures. They have to increase their performance and overcome their low level of competitiveness, existing in spite of their recent relatively successful transition from command to market economy. Even though they are not a homogeneous group of states, at minimum those of them, the application of which for joining EU are dealt with, show despite the existing differences certain common features of their hitherto transformation (including restructuring) development (we take into account the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland).

scholarly journals Entry Into the Common Market of the European Union in Terms of Czech Republic’s Foreign Trade with Dairy Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Zdráhal ◽  
Věra Bečvářová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the development of the Czech foreign trade in milk and milk products and specify the typical features and consequences within its territorial and commodity structure using a specific system of indicators intended to show a relevant image on the topic. The analysis covers the period between 1999 and 2015 and are interpreted in the context of changes of the business environment that have occurred in the last two decades, particularly in relation to the Czech Republic’s entry into the European Union. Throughout the studied period, the Czech Republic revealed a positive balance of trade in milk and dairy products, as well as favourable values of TC index (value of coverage of import by export). The dynamics of the territorial structure of export and import is embodied in the overall trade dynamics between the Czech Republic and countries of EU-28. The Czech Republic’s entry into the EU common market, however, led to a change in the trading milk product structure. As a negative is regarded the fact that the structure of Czech export to the EU countries has changed and that is mainly concentrated on basic raw milk or dairy products of the first phase of processing with relatively low added value.

scholarly journals Food Self Sufficiency in Selected Crops in the Czech Republic and Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1329-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kotyza ◽  
Josef Slaboch
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
National Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The Self ◽  
Critical Limit ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Eu

Being a member of the EU, today the Czech Republic is not entirely dependent on domestic production of food and farming commodities. Since borders inside the EU are open, particular commodities can flow without any tariff measures. But food self-sufficiency belongs to internal factors of national security and therefore it deserves sufficient attention. The aim of this article is to evaluate, based on an analysis, the self-sufficiency rate of the Czech Republic and Poland in selected commodities of crop production between marketing years 2000/2001–2009/2010, with special attention to the most important and cultivated commodities – basic cereals, oilseeds, corn and potatoes. Based on analyses of self-sufficiency rate it can be concluded, that both countries can be considered as stabilised with restpect to rate of self-sufficency of selected crops – none of the presented groups falls under 80%. For most described commodities the trend of self-sufficiency rate in the Czech Republic and Poland is stabilised or growing. Only production of potatoes is coming close to critical treshhold in CZ, therefore national strategies should be put in place to maintain the self-sufficiency rate above the critical limit. After an analysis of internation trade it can be concluded that the Czech Republic is specialised exporter of not-processed commodities but country significantly falls behind Poland in competitiveness of processing of commodities.

scholarly journals Strategic development of varietal vineyards in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Sedlo ◽  
Pavel Tomšík
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Current Production ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Eu

The paper describes strategic changes in the structure of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties grown in the Czech Republic. In 2004–2005, (i.e. after the admission of the Czech Republic into the EU) expenditures associated with restructuralisation and transformation of vineyards amounted for CZK 25,423 thous. The authors examine the development taking place in this domain within the last 50 years (i.e. from 1960 to 2010) and pay detailed attention to the period of 1989 to 2010. The paper analyses reasons of these changes and tries to describe the future development expected after 2010. The current production potential of the Czech Republic are 19,633.45 hectares of vineyards. For the time being, there are in average 1.07 wine growers per hectare of vineyards. As compared with 1960, the acreage of vineyards has doubled up and the number of the most frequent varieties has also increased. Within the period of 1989–1990, four varieties (i.e. Müller Thurgau, Green Veltliner, Italian Riesling and Sankt Laurent) occupied more than 60 % of the total vineyards area in the Czech Republic, whereas at present there are altogether 8 varieties (Müller Thurgau, Green Veltliner, Italian Riesling, Rhein Riesling, Sauvignon, Sankt Laurent, Blaufrankish, and Zweigeltrebe) at the nearly the same acreage.As far as the percentages of Müller Thurgau, Green Veltliner, Italian Riesling and Sankt Laurent varieties is concerned, it is anticipated that their acreages will further decrease, whereas those of Rhein Riesling, Sauvignon, Blaufrankish and Zweigeltrebe are expected to grow. The industry is under pressure of all Porter’s five forces of competition from external sources.

How the Hard Right “Europeanized” Homosexuality

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-83
Author(s):  
Conor O'Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Quantitative Content Analysis ◽  
Lgbt Rights ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Lgbt Issues ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
The Eu

This chapter presents a framework for understanding the consequences of hard-right electoral breakthrough for the framing of homosexuality and LGBT rights. It begins by describing the extant framings of homosexuality under late communism in Poland and the Czech Republic. It then compares how the differing electoral success of hard-right political parties over the course of the EU accession process led to differing degrees of reframing homosexuality in both countries. In Poland, hard-right mobilization transformed the framing of LGBT rights by linking them with EU accession, which it portrayed as a threat to national identity. Because the Czech Republic did not experience hard-right backlash, the predominant framing of LGBT rights did not become as closely identified with the EU. The final part of the chapter moves from framing contests to frame resonance by presenting a quantitative content analysis of LGBT issues in both countries’ press from 1990 through 2012.

scholarly journals Comparison of agricultural subsidies in the Czech Republic and in the selected states of the European Union

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 519-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Střeleček ◽  
R. Zdeněk ◽  
J. Lososová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Subsidies ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Subsidy Rate ◽  
European Heritage ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Eu

The Common Agricultural Policy has been implemented in order to guarantee the appropriate life quality for farmers and to preserve the European heritage. Costs of its realization amounted to 40% of the EU budget. The EU has not established the same conditions for all member states. The aim of the paper is to assess the influence of agricultural subsidies and the structure of production on the incomes of agricultural holdings and their comparison with the largest producers in the EU with similar production structure. The shift-share analysis is used. Different amount of subsidies according to the type of farming together with increasing subsidy rate may influence the type of farming. Therefore, it may cause a paradox that the structure of subsidies according to the type of farming will stimulate products that are currently suppressed. The difference in subsidies in comparison with the largest producers with a similar structure of agricultural production is significant for the Czech Republic and it is possible to compare it to the increase of the SAPS by 75%.

scholarly journals Development of livestock in numbers and structure from the regional and administrative aspect

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Střeleček ◽  
J. Lososová ◽  
J. Kvapilík
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Eu

The contribution deals with the development of livestock since 1990. Since that year, beef and dairy cattle numbers have dropped by more than 50 percent in the Czech Republic. This decrease has been partly compensated by an increase in efficiency, yet milk production has dropped to 55% in this period and beef production to 60% compared with 1989. The declining amount of cultivated land in the Czech Republic has resulted in a decrease in the stocking rate and the corresponding production. It adversely influences the economy namely in highland areas. In this sense the high rate of permanent pastures with low stocking rate enables to efficiently exploit the EU direct payments and thus the direct payment system discriminates above all the farms in highland areas (potato and oat-growing areas and upland production areas).

Dynamik der realwirtschaftlichen Integration am Beispiel der EU-Osterweiterung / On the Dynamics of Economic Integration: The Case of the EU Eastern Enlargement

1999 ◽  
Vol 218 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Bretschger
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Eastern Enlargement ◽  
Eu Eastern Enlargement ◽  
The Eu

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden die Auswirkungen einer wirtschaftlichen Integration auf das langfristige Wachstum analysiert. Dabei wird von international unterschiedlichen Faktorausstattungen, einer unvollständigen Wissensdiffusion und der Existenz von Umweltproblemen ausgegangen. Als Resultat einer Integration ergibt sich, daß eine für die langfristige Dynamik ungünstige Reallokation der Ressourcen zwischen den Wirtschaftssektoren nicht auszuschließen ist. Dies trifft vor allem dann zu, wenn die Integrationspartner über wenig qualifizierte Arbeit verfügen, die internationale Wissensdiffusion gering ist sowie die Substitutionsmöglichkeiten zwischen den verschiedenen Arbeitsinputs sowie zwischen den natürlichen Ressourcen und dem Faktor Wissen gering sind. Diese Fälle werden am Beispiel der EU-Osterweiterung diskutiert.

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