On the Kinetics of Oxygen Clustering and Thermal Donor Formation in Czochralski Silicon

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Y. Tan ◽  
R. Kleinhenz ◽  
C. P. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Czochralski Silicon ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Donor Formation ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Overall Kinetics

ABSTRACTWe report the results of an experiment of annealing Czochralski silicon at 450°C for up to 500 hrs. Concentrations of oxygen atoms (Ci) and thermal donors (TD) have both been monitored. Analyses of the oxygen concentration data yielded the apparent interpretation that the overall kinetics is dominated by the formation of small clusters (dimers and trimers). This cannot account for TD formation, since they are supposed to be larger clusters. On the other hand, analyses of existing TD kinetic models did not yield calculated Ci values to satisfactorily account for the present Ci data. We believe that a satisfactory TD model is not yet available.

scholarly journals Formation Kinetics of Thermal Donors in Silicon

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Borenstein ◽  
David Peak ◽  
James W. Corbett
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Absorption Spectra ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Czochralski Silicon ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Formation Kinetics ◽  
Initial Oxygen ◽  
Donor Formation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Donor Species

ABSTRACTThe kinetics of thermal donor formation in Czochralski-silicon at ca. 450° C are explained by a simple model based on the work of Suezawa and Sumino which derives forward and reverse reaction rates for each electrically active species from the general features of the infrared electronic absorption spectra. The model, which is independent of the chemical nature of the thermal donor core, assumes that all thermal donors beyond the first donor species are chemically stable at the donor formation temperature, and approximates the reactions for species smaller than the first thermal donor as being in chemical equilibrium. The model is shown to be consistent with both sets of the available IR spectra of thermal donors (Oeder-Wagner and Suezawa-Sumino) when differences in the annealing temperature and initial oxygen concentration are taken into account.

Effect of oxygen concentration on the kinetics of thermal donor formation in silicon at temperatures between 350 and 500 °C

1993 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 1525-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Londos ◽  
M. J. Binns ◽  
A. R. Brown ◽  
S. A. McQuaid ◽  
R. C. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Donor Formation ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Kinetics Of

The Kinetics of Oxygen Loss and Thermal Donor Formation in Silicon at Temperatures between 350°C and 500°C

1993 ◽  
Vol 143-147 ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. McQuaid ◽  
Charalamos A. Londos ◽  
M.J. Binns ◽  
R.C. Newman ◽  
J.H. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Loss ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Donor Formation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Low-Temperature Doping of P-Type Czochralski Silicon due to Hydrogen Plasma Enhanced Thermal Donor Formation

1997 ◽  
Vol 57-58 ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Ulyashin ◽  
Yu.A. Bumay ◽  
Reinhart Job ◽  
G. Grabosch ◽  
D. Borchert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Plasma ◽  
Czochralski Silicon ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Donor Formation ◽  
P Type

Kinetic Model of Thermal Donor Evolution

1997 ◽  
Vol 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Kelton ◽  
R. Falster
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Loss ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Czochralski Silicon ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Cluster Evolution ◽  
Oxygen Precipitation ◽  
High Diffusion Rate ◽  
Normal Diffusion ◽  
Small Clusters

ABSTRACTKinetic aspects of thermal donor (TD) formation in Czochralski silicon are shown to be consistent with the evolution of small oxygen clusters, as described within the classical theory of nucleation. Predictions for TD generation and interstitial oxygen loss are presented. Favorable agreement with experimental data requires that the rate constants describing cluster evolution be increased over those expected for a oliffusion-limited flux based on a normal diffusion coefficient for oxygen in silicon. This may signal an anomalously high diffusion rate for temperatures less than 500°C, as has been suggested by others. However, it may instead signal an enhanced concentration of free oxygen near clusters smaller than the critical size for nucleation. This is expected when the interfacial attachment rates become comparable with the rates at which oxygen atoms arrive in the vicinity of the sub-critical clusters. The link between thermal donor generation and oxygen precipitation processes demonstrated here provides a consistent framework for better understanding and controlling oxygen precipitation in silicon. Further, the kinetic TD generation and oxygen loss data provide a new window into the dynamical processes for small clusters, which underlie all nucleation phenomena.

Thermal donor formation in electron‐irradiated Czochralski silicon

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (21) ◽  
pp. 1435-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Svensson ◽  
Bengt G. Svensson ◽  
J. Lennart Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Czochralski Silicon ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Donor Formation

Oxygen-Related Thermal Donor Formation in Dopant-Rich Compensated Czochralski Silicon

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1241-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Tanay ◽  
Sebastien Dubois ◽  
Jordi Veirman ◽  
Nicolas Enjalbert ◽  
Julie Stendera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czochralski Silicon ◽  
Thermal Donor ◽  
Donor Formation
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