Possibilities of using ultra-filtration systems for the prevention of infection by Legionella pneumophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa derived from hospital water supply

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ołdak
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
Ultra Filtration

Microflora in External Auditory Canals of Recreational Scuba-Divers and Swimmers Related to the Tropical Waterflora of a Coral Island

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
T. Haider ◽  
R. Sommer ◽  
G. Stanek
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Lagoon Water ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
Tropical Coral ◽  
Coral Island ◽  
Recreational Scuba ◽  
The Tropics

Recent studies described the acute diffuse external otitis frequently observed in recreational scuba-divers and swimmers in the tropics. In this study the microflora of the external auditory canal of 90 persons was determined. Additionally, a group of 17 persons was examined before, during and at the end of a two weeks vacation on a tropical coral island as well as three months after. Further, samples from sea, lagoon water and the water supplies used for the showers were microbiologically examined. 14 different and fecultatively pathogenic microorganisms were isolated from the external auditory canals. We found a temporary colonization with those microorganisms during the two weeks. Above all Pseudomonas aeruginosa was predominant during and at the end of the vacation especially in children. Before the vacation and three months after P. aeruginosa could not be found. The samples of sea and lagoon waters did not seem to be noticeably polluted, whereas the samples of the water supply were extremely contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was concluded that besides indirect factors such as tropical climate and intensive exposition to water, the insufficient treatment of the water from the supply could also be a reason for the temporary microbiological colonization of the external auditory canal.

scholarly journals Infection prevention in patients with cancer: microbiological evaluation of portable laminar air flow isolation, topical chlorhexidine, and oral non-absorbable antibiotics

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. D. Spiers ◽  
Sylvia F. Dias ◽  
J. A. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Acute Leukaemia ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Flow Apparatus ◽  
Laminar Air Flow ◽  
Nose And Throat

SUMMARYThe increasing use of intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy for patients with solid tumors enhances the risk of opportunistic infection to levels formerly seen only in patients with acute leukaemia, and prevention of infection is a major concern. A relatively simple regimen of isolation, topical antisepsis, and orally administered non-absorbable antibiltics was stuidied in 18 patients. Sixteen of 21 studies were performed using portable laminar ait flow apparatus and five with isolation only. All patients became severly neutropenic but there were no major infections. Microbiological results showed effective decontamination of the skin, which was maintained without recolonization or acquisition of new organisms. The ears, nose and throat were effectively decontaminated only when the regimen was intensified. Colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major pathogen in compromised hosts, did not occur. The propective regimen is less expensive than regimens previously desribed, is acceptable to patients, and requires no modification of existing hospital rooms. It merits further evaluation in patients with common cancers who receive intensive cytotoxic drug therapy.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa in public water supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 732-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Anversa ◽  
Regina Célia Arantes Stancari ◽  
Maricene Garbelotti ◽  
Luciana da Silva Ruiz ◽  
Virgínia Bodelão Richini Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Water is indispensable for life and its quality is directly related to public health. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in public water supply in municipalities in São Paulo State, Brazil. Analyses were carried out at the Adolfo Lutz Institute between February and December 2016, and included physicochemical (chlorine, pH, color, turbidity and nitrate), and microbiological parameters (total coliforms and Escherichia coli), as well as P. aeruginosa, with susceptibility tests to antimicrobial agents and biofilm production capacity by the strains isolated. In total, 251 water samples were evaluated and 19 (7.6%) presented P. aeruginosa. No significant differences were observed between the physicochemical parameters found in the positive and negative samples for this bacterium, but the samples containing total coliforms were also those with the highest positivity for P. aeruginosa. All samples with P. aeruginosa reported chlorine concentrations between 0.2 and 2.0 mg/L, as required by Brazilian legislation, demonstrating this bacterium's resistance to conventional water treatment processes. Although not resistant to the antimicrobials tested, most strains isolated were classified as strong biofilm producers, emphasizing the need for further studies involving water supply quality.

Fatal NosocomialLegionella pneumophilaInfection Due to Exposure to Contaminated Water From a Washbasin in a Hematology Unit

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1091-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Brûlet ◽  
Marie-Christine Nicolle ◽  
Marine Giard ◽  
Franck-Emmanuel Nicolini ◽  
Mauricette Michallet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Genomic Profile ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Potable Water Supply

A fatal nosocomial infection withLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 5 occurred in a patient with leukemia. Isolates recovered from both the potable water supply and the patient showed an identical genomic profile. With no other exposure identified, the water from the washbasin was evidently the source of infection.

Legionella pneumophila in a hospital potable hot water supply

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 612-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. T. Wagenvoort ◽  
P. C. J. Niemandsverdriet ◽  
C. Monnier ◽  
M. F. Michel
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Supply

Comparison of two molecular methods used for subtyping of Legionella pneumophila 1 strains isolated from a hospital water supply

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Casini ◽  
P. Valentini ◽  
A. Baggiani ◽  
F. Torracca ◽  
C. Lorenzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Low Degree

The results of the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the sequence-based typing (using the loci flaA, pilE, asd, mip, mompS and proA) were compared for subtyping of Legionella pneumophila 1 strains isolated from a hospital water supply. Molecular typing was carried out on 61 isolates (38% of the positive samples) selected on space and temporal criteria in order to follow the evolution of the water-system colonization. For all the 61 isolates, the sequence of the amplified mip gene fragment identified Legionella pneumophila strain Wadsworth. Genotype testing by PFGE analysis showed three different patterns, correspondent to three SBT types according to the allelic profiles. Both PFGE and SBT indicated the circulation and the persistence in the hospital potable water-system of three types randomly distributed in space and time. The two molecular methods adopted showed a 100% concordance, although a low degree of genetic heterogeneity characterized the isolates. The electrophoretic patterns were sufficiently unambiguous to consider PFGE a highly discriminatory typing method, but the SBT technique besides accurately characterizing isolates, was able to identify Legionella strains through analysis of the mip gene. A typing method with this level of discriminatory power has great potential for assisting in epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Nosocomial legionella pneumonia: demonstration of potable water as the source of infection

1988 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ruf ◽  
D. Schürmann ◽  
I. Horbrach ◽  
K. Seodel ◽  
H. D. Pohle
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Supply System ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Environmental Isolates ◽  
Legionella Pneumonia ◽  
Source Of Infection

SUMMARYFrom January 1983 until December 1985, 35 cases of sporadic nosocomial legionella pneumonia, all caused byLegionella pneumophila, were diagnosed in a university hospital.L. pneumophilaserogroup (SG) 1 was cultured from 12 of the 35 cases and compared to correspondingL. pneumophilaSG 1 isolates from water outlets in the patients' immediate environment by subtyping with monoclonal antibodies. The corresponding environmental isolates were identical to 9 out of 12 (75%) of those from the cases. However, even in the remaining three cases identical subtypes were found distributed throughout the hospital water supply. From the hospital water supply four different subtypes ofL. pneumophilaSG 1 were isolated, three of which were implicated in legionella pneumonia. Of 453 water samples taken during the study 298 (65.8%) were positive for legionellae. Species ofLegionellaother thanL. pneumophilahave not been isolated. This may explain the exclusiveness ofL.pneumophilaas the legionella pneumonia-causing agent. Our results suggest that the water supply system was the source of infection.

scholarly journals The Role of Sensor-Activated Faucets in Surgical Handwashing Environment as a Reservoir of Legionella

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Mazzotta ◽  
Luna Girolamini ◽  
Maria Rosaria Pascale ◽  
Jessica Lizzadro ◽  
Silvano Salaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Risk Environment ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Mean Concentration

Surgical handwashing is a mandatory practice to protect both surgeons and patients in order to control Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). The study is focused on Legionella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa contamination in Surgical Handwashing Outlets (SHWOs) provided by sensor-activated faucets with Thermostatic Mixer Valves (TMVs), as correlated to temperature, technologies, and disinfection used. Samples were analyzed by standard culture techniques, comparing hot- and cold-water samples. Legionella isolates were typed by an agglutination test and by mip sequencing. Legionella contamination showed the same distribution between hot and cold samples concerning positive samples and mean concentration: 44.5% and 1.94 Log10 cfu/L vs. 42.6% and 1.81 Log10 cfu/L, respectively. Regarding the distribution of isolates (Legionella pneumophila vs. Legionella non-pneumophila species), significant differences were found between hot- and cold-positive samples. The contamination found in relation to ranges of temperature showed the main positive samples (47.1%) between 45.1–49.6 °C, corresponding to high Legionella concentrations (2.17 Log10 cfu/L). In contrast, an increase of temperature (>49.6 °C) led to a decrease in positive samples (23.2%) and mean concentration (1.64 Log10 cfu/L). A low level of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found. For SHWOs located in critical areas, lack of consideration of technologies used and uncorrected disinfection protocols may lead to the development of a high-risk environment for both patients and surgeons.

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