Fatal NosocomialLegionella pneumophilaInfection Due to Exposure to Contaminated Water From a Washbasin in a Hematology Unit

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1091-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Brûlet ◽  
Marie-Christine Nicolle ◽  
Marine Giard ◽  
Franck-Emmanuel Nicolini ◽  
Mauricette Michallet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Genomic Profile ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Potable Water Supply

A fatal nosocomial infection withLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 5 occurred in a patient with leukemia. Isolates recovered from both the potable water supply and the patient showed an identical genomic profile. With no other exposure identified, the water from the washbasin was evidently the source of infection.

scholarly journals Nosocomial legionella pneumonia: demonstration of potable water as the source of infection

1988 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ruf ◽  
D. Schürmann ◽  
I. Horbrach ◽  
K. Seodel ◽  
H. D. Pohle
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Supply System ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Environmental Isolates ◽  
Legionella Pneumonia ◽  
Source Of Infection

SUMMARYFrom January 1983 until December 1985, 35 cases of sporadic nosocomial legionella pneumonia, all caused byLegionella pneumophila, were diagnosed in a university hospital.L. pneumophilaserogroup (SG) 1 was cultured from 12 of the 35 cases and compared to correspondingL. pneumophilaSG 1 isolates from water outlets in the patients' immediate environment by subtyping with monoclonal antibodies. The corresponding environmental isolates were identical to 9 out of 12 (75%) of those from the cases. However, even in the remaining three cases identical subtypes were found distributed throughout the hospital water supply. From the hospital water supply four different subtypes ofL. pneumophilaSG 1 were isolated, three of which were implicated in legionella pneumonia. Of 453 water samples taken during the study 298 (65.8%) were positive for legionellae. Species ofLegionellaother thanL. pneumophilahave not been isolated. This may explain the exclusiveness ofL.pneumophilaas the legionella pneumonia-causing agent. Our results suggest that the water supply system was the source of infection.

Minimum Air Gap between Drinking Water Outlet and Surface of Sewage

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1940-1944
Author(s):  
Yun Xia Zhang ◽  
San Xiang Sun ◽  
Li Yun Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Potable Water Supply

To prevent the contaminated water from flowing back into the potable water supply, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was employed to measure the variation of flow field and study the relation between the minimum air gap h and the water outlet diameter d concretely. The theoretical analysis and the experimental results show that the h/d is not vary linearly as required in ‘Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Sewerage’ but exponentially.

Presence and Chromosomal Subtyping of Legionella Species in Potable Water Systems in 20 Hospitals of Catalonia, Spain

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 673-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquel Sabrià ◽  
Marian García-Núñez ◽  
Maria L. Pedro-Botet ◽  
Nieves Sopena ◽  
Josep M. Gimeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Clonal Distribution ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Legionella Species ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity

AbstractObjective:To investigate the presence and clonal distribution ofLegionellaspecies in the water supply of 20 hospitals in Catalonia, Spain.Setting:20 hospitals in Catalonia, an area of 32,000 km2, located in northeast Spain.Methods:Environmental cultures of 186 points of potable water supply and 10 cooling towers were performed for the presence ofLegionellaspecies. Following filtration and acid treatment, the samples were seeded in selective MWY (modified Wadowsky Yee)-buffered charcoal yeast extract-a agar. All isolates obtained were characterized microbiologically and genotyped bySfilpulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results:73 of 196 water samples, representing 17 of the 20 hospitals included in the study, were positive forLegionella pneumophila(serogroups 1, 2-14, or both). The degree of contamination ranged from 200 to 74,250 colony-forming units/L. Twenty-five chromosomal DNA subtypes were detected by PFGE. A single DNA subtype was identified in 10 hospitals, 2 DNA subtypes were observed in 6 hospitals, and 1 hospital exhibited 3 different DNA subtypes. Each hospital had its ownLegionellaDNA subtype, which was not shared with any other hospitals.Conclusions:Legionellawas present in the water of most of the hospitals studied; each such hospital had a unique, dominant chromosomal DNA subtype. The verification of several genomic DNA restriction profiles in such a small geographic area demonstrates the great genetic diversity ofLegionellain the aquatic environment.

Presence and Chromosomal Subtyping ofLegionellaSpecies in Potable Water Systems in 20 Hospitals of Catalonia, Spain

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 673-676
Author(s):  
Miquel Sabrià ◽  
Marian García-Núñez ◽  
Maria L. Pedro-Botet ◽  
Nieves Sopena ◽  
Josep M. Gimeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Clonal Distribution ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity

AbstractObjective:To investigate the presence and clonal distribution ofLegionellaspecies in the water supply of 20 hospitals in Catalonia, Spain.Setting:20 hospitals in Catalonia, an area of 32,000 km2, located in northeast Spain.Methods:Environmental cultures of 186 points of potable water supply and 10 cooling towers were performed for the presence ofLegionellaspecies. Following filtration and acid treatment, the samples were seeded in selective MWY (modified Wadowsky Yee)-buffered charcoal yeast extract-a agar. All isolates obtained were characterized microbiologically and genotyped bySfilpulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results:73 of 196 water samples, representing 17 of the 20 hospitals included in the study, were positive forLegionella pneumophila(serogroups 1, 2-14, or both). The degree of contamination ranged from 200 to 74,250 colony-forming units/L. Twenty-five chromosomal DNA subtypes were detected by PFGE. A single DNA subtype was identified in 10 hospitals, 2 DNA subtypes were observed in 6 hospitals, and 1 hospital exhibited 3 different DNA subtypes. Each hospital had its ownLegionellaDNA subtype, which was not shared with any other hospitals.Conclusions:Legionellawas present in the water of most of the hospitals studied; each such hospital had a unique, dominant chromosomal DNA subtype. The verification of several genomic DNA restriction profiles in such a small geographic area demonstrates the great genetic diversity ofLegionellain the aquatic environment.

Securing Potable Water Supply under Extreme Scarcity

10.1596/30593 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Marin ◽  
Bambos Charalambous ◽  
Thierry Davy
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Potable Water Supply
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