FOLLICLE GROWTH IN THE IMMATURE MOUSE OVARY

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
List Type ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Mouse Ovary ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Immature Mouse ◽  
Doubling Times

ABSTRACT The growth of follicles in the immature mouse ovary was investigated in autoradiographs prepared after pulse-labelling with tritiated thymidine. Three parameters, which determine follicle growth were estimated: The number of follicles present in the ovary at different ages. The time it takes follicles to grow from one stage of development to another. This was calculated from the total number of granulosa cells in these stages and from their doubling times. The doubling time of granulosa cells was determined from their labelling index and the duration of their DNA-synthesis phase. The number of follicles, which start on their development at different ages. It was found, that the follicle development is not constant in the period from birth to maturity, but varies considerably. More follicles start to grow in the young than in the older immature mouse. Moreover the follicles grow faster early in life than later. The development from a follicle with one layer of granulosa cells to one with several layers and antrum formation takes about 10 days in the first half of the immature period, while it takes about 16 days as the animal approaches maturity. It was furthermore shown, that about 850 follicles start to grow in the immature period.

FOLLICLE GROWTH IN THE IMMATURE RAT OVARY

1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Hage ◽  
A. C. Groen-Klevant ◽  
R. Welschen
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Immature Rat ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Rat Ovary ◽  
Doubling Times

ABSTRACT In ovaries of immature rats the following parameters were estimated from autoradiographs prepared after pulse labelling with tritiated thymidine: 1) The time it takes follicles to grow from one stage of development to another. This could be derived from the total number of granulosa cells in these stages and from their doubling times. The doubling time of granulosa cells was determined from their labelling index and the duration of their DNA-synthesis phase. 2) The number of follicles present in the ovary at different ages. 3) The number of follicles, which start on their development at different ages. It was found, that more follicles start to grow in 8 and 16 days old rats (2.0/h) than in 28 days old ones (1.0/h). Moreover, the follicles grow somewhat faster earlier in life than later. The development from a follicle with one layer of granulosa cells to one with several layers and antrum formation takes about 15 days in the first half of the period of immaturity while it takes about 17 days as the animal approaches maturity.

An autoradiographic study of follicle growth in the ovaries of cyclic rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Groen-Klevant
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Autoradiographic Study ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Follicle Growth

Abstract. Follicle growth in the ovaries of cyclic rats was studied by autoradiography after pulse labelling with [3H]thymidine: growth rates and numbers were determined for follicles of the types 3b to 6 (type 3b: follicles with 1 –2 layers of granulosa cells; type 6: follicles with a diameter of 200 μm and usually with a single antrum). The data indicate a total time of follicle development, from type 3b to ovulation, of 22 days. Growth of follicles of the types 3b to 6 in these cyclic rats was roughly similar to that in late prepubertal animals, previously studied. However, some changes of the growth of these types of follicles, related to the stages of the cycle, could be noted.

FOLLICLE KINETICS IN THE OVARY OF THE CYCLIC MOUSE

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Full Development ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Doubling Times

ABSTRACT The variations in size, numbers and growth rates of mouse ovarian follicles were investigated at different stages of the oestrous cycle. Autoradiographs were prepared of sections of ovaries after pulse-labelling with tritiated thymidine. By determining the growth rate of the granulosa cells expressed as their doubling times, it was possible to estimate the exact growth rates of whole follicles. The number of follicles which began developing during a particular time interval was also determined. The results show that the number of large follicles fluctuates with the cycle, and that the size of the largest follicles increases during the cycle. Follicles of medium size grow faster at oestrus that at any other time. This is in contrast to the large follicles, in which only minor variations in growth rate were noted. It was moreover shown, that more follicles begin to grow at oestrus than at other periods during the cycle. It was concluded, that the reduction in the number of small follicles with age is mainly due to follicle development rather than to the degeneration of small follicles. The time required for the full development of an ovarian follicle is 19 days.

Proceedings: Follicle growth initiation in the immature mouse ovary: extraovarian or intraovarian control?

Reproduction ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Peters ◽  
A. Byskov ◽  
S Lintern-Moore ◽  
M Faber
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Mouse Ovary ◽  
Growth Initiation ◽  
Immature Mouse

Sequential effects of FSH on the first stages of ovarian follicular development in normal and dwarf Snell mice

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. de Reviers
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Sequential Effects ◽  
Mouse Ovary ◽  
Major Increase ◽  
Dwarf Mice ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract. The population of small growing ovarian follicles was divided into 4 classes according to the number of granulosa cells (from 15 to 95) surrounding the oocyte, and a comparison was made of normal and dwarf mice. Follicular cell proliferation was estimated by tritiated thymidine incorporation. In normal mice, most follicles in classes 1 (15 to 35 granulosa cells in their largest cross-section) and 2 (36 to 55 cells) were labelled (86 and 95%, respectively); FSH treatment increased the labelling index (L.I.) in all follicle classes. In dwarf mice, only 38 and 76% of follicles in classes 1 and 2, respectively, were labelled. However, FSH treatment increased the percentage of labelled follicles and the L.I. to levels which were similar to those in the ovaries of untreated, normal animals. FSH stimulation of the percentage of labelled follicles and L.I. was obvious as early as 3 h after injection. There was a major increase of the L.I. 24 h after FSH stimulation, specially in dwarf mice; several hypotheses are proposed to explain this finding. We conclude that FSH is necessary for the development of the population of small growing follicles in the mouse ovary.

Progestation

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (3_Suppla) ◽  
pp. S7-S45 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glandular Epithelium ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Cell Renewal ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Uterine Receptivity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Monocytic Cells ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatases

ABSTRACT Autoradiographic, enzymic and histologic studies on uteri of pregnant rats were carried out to follow the endometrial modifications which take place during progestation (days L0 – L4) and culminate in the state of uterine receptivity essential for ovum-implantation. Pulse labelling with tritiated thymidine (radioactive DNA precursor) on L0, L1 and L2 revealed a sequence of cell renewal in luminal and glandular epithelium and endometrial stroma. On L3 and L4 stromal cells showed extensive incorporation of tritiated thymidine. This synthetic activity was associated with endometrial preparation for decidualization and was evoked at least in part, by the surge of oestrogen on L3. All layers of the uterine wall were heavily infiltrated on L0 and resembled the site of an acute inflammatory reaction. Subsequently, polymorphonuclear infiltration diminished and monocytic cells predominated. On L3 a spatial arrangement was observed: eosinophiles were concentrated in the basal endometrium and monocytic cells in the subepithelial stroma. A comparison was made between such a shift in migratory cells in the uterus and similar phenomena which occur in inflammatory and immune reactions. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, of ATP-ase and succinic dehydrogenase were low on L0 and L1 during the periods of infiltration, degeneration and regeneration of luminal and glandular epithelium. Enzymic activities increased on the following days, (L3 and L4). Vascular dilation and engorgement and endometrial oedema were observed near the blastocysts on L4. Most blastocysts incorporated tritiated thymidine after 14.00 h on L4, but some showed uptake before loss of the zona which occurs usually between 14.00 and 16.00 h; therefore, it was assumed that the permeability of the zona increases prior to being shed. Activities of succinic dehydrogenase and acid and alkaline phosphatases were demonstrable in blastocysts on L4 while they were still »free« in the uterine lumen.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF GONADOTROPHIN ON FOLLICLE GROWTH INITIATION IN THE NEONATAL MOUSE OVARY

Reproduction ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. PETERS ◽  
A. G. BYSKOV ◽  
S. LINTERN-MOORE ◽  
M. FABER ◽  
M. ANDERSEN
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mouse ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Mouse Ovary ◽  
Growth Initiation

scholarly journals The Forms of Social Engagement of Polish Firms

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Krystyna Kietlińska
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
List Type ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Number Of Firms

AbstractThe development of the idea of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) depends mainly on the changes in international market and growing competition between countries and enterprises. These factors influence on the behavior of enterprises. This means that the goal of business action is not only profit-making but also fulfilling social needs. The goal of this paper is to present and assess social in Poland. Starting with the concept and scope of CSR, the article presents benefits from responsible business activity and implementation of this idea in Poland.The research carried out in 2012 shows that the main implementers of CSR are large firms with foreign capital. They know the idea of CSR from the experience of Western firms. The main objective is their image and to build better relations with their environment. On this background the article shows the ranking of companies participating in “Leader of Philanthropy” competition. It allowed to choose four firms as an example of good practices in social engagement. Social activity of chosen firms was addressed to: employees,children,local community,the sick, the disabled and the poor,animals.The contacted research proves that social engagement of Polish firms is at the early stage of development. The number of firms increase, but there are mainly large companies. The main reason that the small business share in social engagement results from the limited amount of financial resources at their disposal.

scholarly journals FSH Promotes Rat Follicle Development Through Inhibition of the Hippo Signalling Pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tairen Chen ◽  
Mengjing Wu ◽  
Yuting Dong ◽  
Bin Kong ◽  
Yufang Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Hippo Signalling

Abstract Purpose: Whether FSH promotes follicle growth by inhibiting the Hippo signalling pathway.METHODS: Ovaries were cultured in vitro into a control group (no intervention), an FSH group (0.3 IU/mL FSH), and a VP group (10 µg/mL vetiporfin). HE staining and follicle counts were performed at each stage after 3 hours of in vitro culture. Immunohistochemistry was performed to study the expression levels of LATS2, YAP, PLATS2, and PYAP, and their expression levels in each group were also analysed by Western blot.The number of secondary follicles was significantly increased in the FSH group, the arrangement of granulosa cells was neater, the nuclear fixation was reduced, and the number of atretic follicles was decreased in the VP group. The number of secondary follicles was significantly increased, the number of atretic follicles was reduced, and granulosa cell nuclear consolidation was reduced in the VP+FSH group. Immunohistochemistry showed that LATS2 and YAP expression levels were significantly increased and PLATS2 and PYAP expression levels were relatively decreased in the FSH group, PYAP and PLATS2 expression levels were significantly increased and YAP expression was significantly decreased in the VP group, and YAP and LATS2 expression levels were significantly increased and PYAP and PLATS2 expression levels were significantly decreased in the VP+FSH group. By Western blot, LATS2 and YAP were elevated and PYAP and PLAT2 were decreased in the FSH group, LATS2 and YAP were decreased and PYAP and PLATS were significantly elevated in the VP group, and LATS2 and YAP were elevated and PYAP and PLATS2 were decreased in the VP+FSH group.CONCLUSION: FSH promotes follicle development by inhibiting the Hippo signalling pathway.

Effect of basal and pulsatile LH release on FSH-stimulated follicle growth in ewes chronically treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist

1991 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Picton ◽  
A. S. McNeilly
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Normal Diameter ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Follicular Response

ABSTRACT Ewes chronically treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist were used to investigate the importance of the peripheral concentration of LH in FSH-stimulated follicular development. Twenty-four Welsh Mountain ewes were treated with two agonist implants containing 3·3 mg buserelin. During week 6 of treatment all the ewes were given a 72-h continuous infusion of ovine FSH alone (3 μg/h) or FSH with large (7·5 μg)- or small (2·5 μg) amplitude pulses of ovine LH delivered at 4-hourly intervals. The importance of baseline LH throughout the FSH infusion was evaluated in six animals which were treated with a specific antiserum against bovine LH (LH-AS) 15–20 h before the start of FSH treatment. In the absence of LH-AS, infusion of FSH alone or with large or small pulses of LH stimulated the development of a normal number of small follicles (≤ 2·5 mm in diameter) and large follicles (> 2·5 mm in diameter). These follicles had normal diameter and steroid secretion compared with control ewes on day 8 of the luteal phase. In contrast, the animals pretreated with LH-AS developed no follicles > 2·0 mm in diameter but the number of small follicles per ewe was significantly (P < 0·05) increased. These results support the hypothesis that FSH in the absence of pulsatile LH release stimulates preovulatory follicular development in ewes treated with GnRH agonist. The follicular response to LH pulses of different amplitude is dependent on both the stage of development of the follicle and the peripheral concentration of FSH. The endogenous basal level of LH present throughout the FSH infusion is essential for FSH to induce follicle growth beyond > 2·5 mm in diameter. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 128, 449–456

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