scholarly journals Fighting Islamic Radicalism Through Religious Moderatism in Indonesia: An Analysis of Religious Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunawi Basyir
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government

A few years after the reformation era, Indonesia was faced with complex problems, especially the social and religious life that was less conducive. It’s at least marked by a lot of social conflicts arising as a result of turmoil and political interest. The turmoil and political interests are in the form of religious ideological movements opposing the attitude of radicalism. Such a condition or situation certainly adds up to the number of conflicts, and the escalation of conflict is prolonged. As a result, the religious movements don’t suit with Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, or undermine the Indonesian government must be banned.  Observing this phenomenon, the author tries to examine the Radical Islamic movements in Indonesia. In this study, the author used participant observation methods to obtain data and clear factual images in line with the phenomenon being studied. So, the author can provide appropriate and beneficial solutions for the Indonesian government in coping with the radical Islamic movements. The results of this study indicated that to minimize the presence of radical Islamic movements, the government must return these radical Islamic movements back to the local culture being packaged in the concept of religious moderation, referring to the concept of Wassatiyah Islam, or more popularly known as Islam Nusantara.

scholarly journals The Phenomenon of Sabbatarianism: Nature, Types, and Brief History

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Tatiana I. Khizhaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Orthodox Jews ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Radical Reformation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Era

The article focuses on the analysis of Sabbatarianism, i.e. on clarifying the meaning of the term, identifying various kinds of this phenomenon, as well as researching its history. The topicality of the work stems from both uncertainty of the definitions of the concept under consideration and the lack of works in Russian religious studies that deal with the problem of Sabbatarianism. During the study the author comes to the conclusion that the term “Sabbatarianism” is polysemantic. First, it implies special attention to the fourth commandment of the Decalogue in the Christian tradition, in which, since the period of the early Church, there were different practices of observing the first and/or the seventh day of the week in the East and West of the Christian world. Second, we call Sabbatarian specific religious movements that emerged in Europe during the Modern Era and had genetic connection with the Reformation. The author divides them into Christian (Protestant) and Judaizing, noting the challenge and even the failure of differentiating between both in some cases. The first type is subdivided, in turn, into the First-day Sabbatarians, who did not constitute a particular religious movement, and the Seventh-day ones, who made up separate Protestant denominations. The secon type includes sects that are guided to varying degrees by the Old Testament texts. The study of the Judaizers’ history reveals that their genesis is correlated to the Radical Reformation. They arose among the Anabaptists, Unitarians and Puritans, forming an ultraradical stream in the religious scene of the Modern Era. At the same time, these movements were often millenarian. The most vivid model of Judaizing Sabbatarianism was the phenomenon of Transylvanian Sabbath keepers, who evolved from the Protestant Anti-Trinitarians to the Orthodox Jews. The paper is the first attempt at a special research on the phenomenon of Sabbatarianism in Russian religious studies. Its results are significant for understanding the history of the Reformation, various religious trends within the latter (especially radical), as well as the relationship between Christianity and Judaism.

Qualitative Data Gathering Instruments and Methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-98
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
The Social

The chapter is divided into five sections. The first section discusses the interview method from the social constructionist and qualitative perspectives. The second section contains information related to the procedures of undertaking focus group discussion in qualitative projects. The different types of observation methods are highlighted in Section 3, but only participant and non-participant observation variants are discussed. The primary and secondary documents are addressed in Section 4, and examples are given. The chapter is concluded by a question and answer section, where important questions are raised and answered in a simple way.

scholarly journals SKOLOMBO AND THEIR CONTINUED EXISTENCE: REVISITING LOST HUMANISM AND PARENTIFICATION IMPULSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
CHINYERE L. OKAM
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
State Government ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Street Child ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
Youth Delinquency ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

This paper examines the Skolombo-street children of Calabar. It also investigates the reason for their continued existence, the derivatives in form of social and economic insecurity, inequality and other monstrosities visible in their presence. It questions the oblivious role of the institutions responsible for the care of the child, and parentification impulse as well as the lost humanism which existed in high premium in traditional African society resisted and reflected by text and language. The study is anchored upon Theo Van Leeuwen’s perspective on Critical Discourse Analysis which primarily studies the way social-power abuse and inequality are enacted, reproduced, legitimized, and resisted by text and talk in the social and political context. The study is a qualitative research conducted with the eclectic research methodologies such as biography, Participant Observation and Conversation. Among other findings, this study reveals that the Cross river state government has not provided enough fair ground to fully tackle the social and economic needs of the street child, that the desired comfort has not been provided for the girl child and that they have not been able to fully integrate the Skolombo into the echelon of the privileged. Conclusively, this has created spaces for youth delinquency, thievery, moral laxity and decadence. In the light of the findings, it is recommended that the government needs to put alternative and effective measures to play with the aim to curbing the menace of Skolombo and the street child culture. There ought to be an implementation of the child right boy and girl child. Stringent punishment should be meted on parents, religious leadact in the global space in order to reduce the molestation and marginalization of the ers and guardians who subject children to unnecessary molestation. Religious leaders and parents should be sensitized about the need to integrate their children within the family, intervention should be made compulsory.

scholarly journals THE ROOT CAUSES AND NEXUS OF MILITANT ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS IN INDONESIA: CASE STUDIES OF DARUL ISLAM AND JEMAAH ISLAMIYAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Sri Yunanto ◽  
Angel Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Proper Strategy ◽  
Radical Movements

Many scholars believe that every religion has its peaceful interpretation as well as violent practices. Yet, this article elaborates more on the Islamic radical movements in Indonesia, particularly on the questions of what factors have triggered them to conduct such violence, how they linked each other and what action should be taken by the Indonesian government to counter-terrorism. To answer the question, the paper will focus on the ideology part and organization network of Darul Islam (DI) and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI), which shared similar ideology, network and methods of recruitment. Authors argue that ideology and organization become vital elements for DI and JI, in which the government, coupled with all stakeholders, should pay more attention if they want to eradicate violence in the name of religion. Although there is “no prescription fits all” in eradicating terrorism, the ability to understand the root causes and organization network of terrorism in Indonesia will help the government and all stakeholders to establish a proper strategy.   Key words: Counter-terrorism, salafi jihadism, Darul Islam, Jemaah Islamiyah     Abstrak   Banyak pengamat percaya bahwa setiap agama mengandung interpretasi damai sekaligus juga tindak kekerasan. Namun, artikel ini akan mengulas lebih banyak tentang gerakan radikal Islam di Indonesia, terutama yang terkait dengan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendorong mereka melakukan aksi kekerasan, bagaimana kelompok-kelompok tersebut saling memiliki keterkaitan dan tindakan apa yang perlu diambil oleh pemerintah Indonesia dalam melakukan kontra-terorisme. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, paper ini akan menjelaskan ideologi dan jaringan organisasi dari Darul Islam (DI) dan Jemaah Islamiyah (JI), di mana keduanya memiliki kemiripan termasuk juga dalam metode rekrutmen. Penulis berpendapat bahwa ideologi dan organisasi merupakan elemen penting bagi DI dan JI. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah dan seluruh elemen masyarakat harus memperhatikan hal ini jika ingin memberantas kekerasan atas nama agama. Walaupun tidak ada “resep ampuh” yang dapat mengatasi terorisme, kemampuan untuk memahami akar permasalahan dan jaringan organisasi kelompok terorisme di Indonesia akan membantu pemerintah dan seluruh elemen masyarakat untuk menyusun strategi yang tepat.   Kata Kunci: Counter-terrorism, salafi jihadisme, Darul Islam, Jemaah Islamiyah

scholarly journals Regulasi Penyiaran Digital: Dinamika Peran Negara, Peran Swasta, dan Manfaat bagi Rakyat

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-145
Author(s):  
Ervan Ismail ◽  
Siti Dewi Sri Ratna Sari ◽  
Yuni Tresnawati
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
The State ◽  
Strong Law ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Digital Broadcasting ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Digitalization must begin a strong law that is Acts. Based on the records, digital broadcasting regulations using Republic of Indonesia Minister of Communication and Informatics’s regulations could be canceled through lawsuits at Supreme Court and State Administration Court. Broadcast digitalization was begun in 2011 through a digitalization Road Map and till date, the process at House of Representatives has not been completed. 85% of countries in the world have migrated to digital broadcasts. The study aims to describe how changes and various roles in broadcasting digitalization if the revision of the Broadcasting Acts is implemented. The study also aims to find out the impact and benefits of broadcasting digitalization for the public and broadcasting stakeholders compared to present Broadcasting Acts. This study uses participant observation methods and text analysis to categorize the articles of digitalization in the revision draft of the Broadcasting Acts from the House of Representatives Commission I in 2017, accompanied by media coverage analysis. Discourse analysis is used to relate to the problems arised due to broadcast digitalization. The results show that digitalization can provide more channels in the same space than analog broadcasting. Political parties and state institutions will be allowed to have broadcasting institutions. The State through Television Radio of the Republic of Indonesia (RTRI) will become the important player in terrestrial digital broadcasting with a single multiplexer (mux) system, which is considered undemocratic for private television associations. All "television stations" will change and compete to become "content providers" similar to new digital televisions. The government will formulate the mechanisms, socialization, models, roles in digitalizing television broadcasting in a blue print. Digital dividend will be used for the development of internet and telecommunications. The dynamics that occur due to interests’ differences of the state, the private sector and society take part at each stage of broadcasting digitalization regulation. The conclusion of the study illustrates that the use of digital technology in broadcasting through the Acts’ revision could be a solution for both frequency limitation and the efficient use for more diverse broadcasters (diversity of ownership).

scholarly journals CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON KOMPAS.COM NEWS: 'GERAKAN #2019GANTIPRESIDEN'

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Hendri Pitrio Putra ◽  
Sulis Triyono
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

This article is a result of critical discourse analysis (CDA) to the news entitled Gerakan #2019GantiPresiden di Antara Ambiguitas Hukum dan Syahwat Politik at Kompas.com. The approach employed in this research is the three-dimensional CDA developed by Norman Fairclough. The purposes of this research are to describe the micro, mezzo, and macro as well as the social, political and cultural situation from the linguistic aspects in Gerakan #2019GantiPresiden di Antara Ambiguitas Hukum dan Syahwat Politik text. The results show that there are linguistic aspects in the form of diction in the direct sentences that are used by Kompas.com with the theme #2019GantiPresiden. This movement is considered as a constitutional movement indicated as a rebellion because it is supported by political interests towards their current government rival. This is closely related to the background of Kompas.com as a pro-government online mass media. It is also acceptable if Kompas.com creates a positive image of the current government. The main point of information that is conveyed in the news of #2019GantiPresiden is that this movement possibly threats the government of Jokowi Widodo who will run again for the presidential election in 2019.

scholarly journals Jaringan Sosial Petani dalam Distribusi Hasil Produksi Garam di Gampong Tanoh Anoe Kecamatan Jangka Kabupaten Bireuen

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Nailul Rahmi ◽  
Amiruddin Ketaren
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
The Social

This research was conducted to see how the social network of salt farmers in distributing salt production and their efforts to maintain the existing social networks between salt farmers and distributors. The theory is based on Barry Wellman's theory of interconnecting social networks between actors. Data collection uses non-participant observation methods, namely researchers directly observe how the informants behave and gain direct experience, making it easier for researchers to perform data analysis. The analysis uses descriptive qualitative methods, namely with the aim of providing an overview of social problems through data in the form of descriptions of words or pictures. From the research results, it can be concluded that there are two forms of salt farmer network, namely the network with salt muge and the network with UD Milhy Jaya. As for the efforts to maintain the social network of salt farmers, namely by trust, increasing productivity, improving quality, and determining prices.AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan agar dapat melihat bagaimana jaringan sosial petani garam dalam mendistribusikan hasil produksi garam dan upaya mempertahankan jaringan sosial yang sudah ada antara petani garam dengan distributornya. Teori yang menjadi landasan penelitian ini adalah teori Barry Wellman tentang jaringan sosial yang saling menghubungkan antar aktor. Pengumpulan data memakai metode observasi non-partisipan yaitu peneliti mengamati langsung bagaimana perilaku dari informan dan memperoleh pengalaman langsung sehingga memudahkan peneliti dalam melakukan analisis data. Analisis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif yaitu dengan tujuan memberikan sebuah gambaran tentang masalah sosial melalui data berbentuk uraian kata-kata ataupun gambar. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk jaringan petani garam ada dua yaitu jaringan dengan muge garam dan jaringan dengan UD Milhy Jaya. Adapun upaya mempertahankan jaringan sosial petani garam yaitu dengan kepercayaan, meningkatkan produktivitas, meningkatkan kualitas, dan penentuan harga.

scholarly journals Basic Income—an early Icelandic experiment**

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Johannes Karlsson ◽  
Thorolfur Matthiasson
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Tax Allowance ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Role Of The Government

Abstract Old age, illness, and/or physical and/or mental disabilities may limit the ability of an individual to generate enough income to cover basic costs of living. Most developed nations provide financial assistance to persons with limited abilities. In 1974, an Icelandic government passed an act of law providing a tax credit, payable to taxpayers under certain conditions. The tax allowance was applied first to settle the taxes and public levies owed by the taxpayer, with any amount remaining paid out to the individual. This system can be seen as a first, limited attempt at establishing a partial universal basic income of sorts. This social interaction between stakeholders on how to share the tax revenue between the taxpayers led to a government crisis. The shareholders in this partial universal basic income system, the state and municipalities, the old age community, the trade unions, and the employers all have different financial and political interests and were affected by this reform. The lesson is that a basic income would need strong supporters if implemented, where the role of the government and/or the parliament would be mapped. Its supporters must be able to withstand the pressure from the social partners in the labor market because of the interactivity of the social security system and the pension fund system, which is not a part of the fiscal system in Iceland. The conflict of interests becomes apparent.

scholarly journals ISLAMIZATION, PIETY, FUNDAMENTALISM: RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT IN CAMPUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Lukis Alam
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Public ◽  
Intellectual Diversity ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Public Sphere

<p class="abstrak"><em>Religion is based on the perspective of attitudes and attention to the doctrines that apply in everyday life. On its journey, diversity is often a symbol and goal of achieving certain interests. However, sometimes he often raises conflicts within the structure of society. Power and religion sometimes cannot be united, which results in friction between the authorities and their people. In this regard, the existence of this study wants to highlight the dynamics of intellectual diversity in public space. They want to fight for religious rights that have been ruled out by the government. So that with the metamorphosed Tarbiyah movement being campus preaching, they have directed a non-confrontational movement that fights Islam in the public space by taking mosque settings as the foundation of religious idealism in the modern era.</em><em> </em><em>The rise of campus preaching in various universities throughout Indonesia originated from the concerns of Islamic activists on the impartiality of the authorities in a system based on religious guidance. Especially in the era of the 70s when the New Order replaced the Old Order, many actions were contrary to Islamic norms. The further development of the preaching of this campus is growing rapidly, as a result there is a new Islamic model conducted by students who try to instill an ethical system to the community. This study uses a qualitative method that combines literature sources with a phenomenological approach that refers to field data. Therefore the final result of this study presents the religious aspirations of young intellectuals in their relations with the political interests of the ruler who display modern piety attitudes that process into contemporary Islamic models in the public sphere.</em></p><p class="abstrak" align="left"> </p><p>Keberagamaan didasarkan pada perspektif sikap dan atensi atas doktrin yang berlaku di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pada perjalanannya, keberagamaan seringkali menjadi simbol dan tujuan mencapai kepentingan tertentu. Namun, adakalanya ia kerap memunculkan pertentangan di dalam struktur masyarakat. Kekuasaan dan agama terkadang tidak bisa disatukan, yang berakibat pada gesekan antara penguasa dengan rakyatnya. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, adanya penelitian ini ingin menyoroti dinamika keberagamaan kaum intelektual di ruang publik. Mereka ingin memperjuangkan keberagamaan yang selama ini dikesampingkan penguasa. Sehingga dengan gerakan Tarbiyah yang bermetamorfosa menjadi dakwah kampus, mereka telah mengarahkan pada suatu gerakan non-konfrontatif yang memperjuangkan Islam di ruang publik dengan mengambil setting masjid sebagai landasan idealisme keberagamaan di era modern. Maraknya dakwah kampus di berbagai universitas di seluruh Indonesia berawal dari keprihatinan para aktivis Islam terhadap keberpihakan penguasa pada liberalisasi nilai dan moral. Terlebih di era 70-an saat Orde Baru menggantikan Orde Lama, banyak sekali tindakan-tindakan yang bertentangan dengan norma Islam. Perkembangan selanjutnya, dakwah kampus ini berkembang dengan pesat, akibatnya terjadi model keislaman baru yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa yang mencoba menanamkan sistem etika kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang memadukan sumber-sumber pustaka dengan pendekatan fenomenologis yang mengacu dari data lapangan. Oleh karena itu, hasil akhir penelitian ini menyuguhkan aspirasi keberagamaan kaum intelektual muda dalam persinggungannya dengan kepentingan politik penguasa yang menampilkan sikap-sikap kesalehan modern yang berproses menjadi model Islamisasi kontemporer di ruang publik.</p>

Escaping the news desert: Nonprofit news and open-system journalism organizations

Journalism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-506
Author(s):  
Patrick Ferrucci ◽  
Kathleen I Alaimo
Keyword(s):  
Open System ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Media Sociology ◽  
The Social ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Community Newspaper ◽  
Depth Interviews

This case study examines the social institutional influence on how a nonprofit community newspaper conducts newswork. Utilizing both in-depth interviews and participant observation, the data illustrate how the government, the audience, donors and advertising impact news construction processes. The results are analyzed through both management and media sociology theories. Finally, the authors elucidate how nonprofit news organizations can optimally operate as an open-system (or organism), allowing for all peripheral social institutions to impact newswork without losing any autonomy over the journalism.

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