scholarly journals DALEC – energy calculation for day- and artificial lighting systems and their impact on energy demand of heating and cooling systems considering control strategies in different clime zones

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Ebert ◽  
Bert Junghans ◽  
David Geisler-Moroder ◽  
Matthias Werner
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Lighting Systems

scholarly journals Control Strategies for Daylight and Artificial Lighting in Office Buildings—A Bibliometrically Assisted Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3852
Author(s):  
Daniel Plörer ◽  
Sascha Hammes ◽  
Martin Hauer ◽  
Vincent van Karsbergen ◽  
Rainer Pfluger
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Integral Control ◽  
Artificial Lighting

A significant proportion of the total energy consumption in office buildings is attributable to lighting. Enhancements in energy efficiency are currently achieved through strategies to reduce artificial lighting by intelligent daylight utilization. Control strategies in the field of daylighting and artificial lighting are mostly rule-based and focus either on comfort aspects or energy objectives. This paper aims to provide an overview of published scientific literature on enhanced control strategies, in which new control approaches are critically analysed regarding the fulfilment of energy efficiency targets and comfort criteria simultaneously. For this purpose, subject-specific review articles from the period between 2015 and 2020 and their research sources from as far back as 1978 are analysed. Results show clearly that building controls increasingly need to address multiple trades to achieve a maximum improvement in user comfort and energy efficiency. User acceptance can be highlighted as a decisive factor in achieving targeted system efficiencies, which are highly determined by the ability of active user interaction in the automatic control system. The future trend is moving towards decentralized control concepts including appropriate occupancy detection and space zoning. Simulation-based controls and learning systems are identified as appropriate methods that can play a decisive role in reducing building energy demand through integral control concepts.

scholarly journals Proposed Strategies for Improving Poor Hygrothermal Conditions in Museum Exhibition Rooms and Their Impact on Energy Demand

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek ◽  
Krzysztof Grygierek
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Dramatic Improvement ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Microclimate Conditions

In museums, poor microclimate conditions, especially large changes in relative humidity and temperature, can lead to serious deterioration of the exhibits. Properly designed heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for precise control of the air parameters are required. However, due to the financial restrictions of museums, complex air-conditioning systems are often not feasible. In this study, we tested and propose novel methods to reduce the short- and long-term fluctuations in the relative humidity in exhibition rooms of a Polish museum. The methods only include indoor temperature and ventilation airflow control strategies, without the use of (de)humidification equipment. The analysis is based on simulations using EnergyPlus software. A multi-zone thermal model of the museum building was validated and calibrated with measured data. A full calendar year was simulated for five control cases (including the current method used) and two internal heat gain schedules. The energy demand for heating and cooling for each case was calculated. The combination of temperature control and adequate ventilation using ambient airflow allows for dramatic improvement in the microclimate conditions. The proportion of the year when the instantaneous indoor relative humidity is ±5% from set point decreased from 85% to 20%. A significant effect was obtained over the summer months.

scholarly journals Energy and Economic Impact on the Application of Low-Cost Lightweight Materials in Economic Housing Located in Dry Climates

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Borbon-Almada ◽  
Norma Rodriguez-Muñoz ◽  
Mario Najera-Trejo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cementitious Composite ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Dry Climates

The building sector is considered a key area for sustainable development, due to the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the numerous economic activities that this sector involves. A low-cost lightweight cementitious composite consisting in perlite mortar was fabricated and evaluated. The thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the proposed composite were tested in the laboratory. The lightweight composite was integrated into a prototypical house and its thermal performance was tested for two different arid climates during a typical meteorological year. A techno-economic analysis of this integration was carried out, which showed the lightweight system integration could reduce the energy demand up to 10.3% due to the decreased use of heating and cooling systems. The CO2 emissions associated with electricity and gas use on cooling and heating systems could be reduced up to 10.9%.

scholarly journals It Works—Long-Term Performance Measurement and Optimization of Six Ground Source Heat Pump Systems in Germany

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Bockelmann ◽  
M. Norbert Fisch
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Long-term studies of ground source heat pump (GSHP) heating and cooling systems for six different buildings (commercial, institutional and multi-family buildings) were conducted in Germany by Steinbeis-Innovationszentrum (SIZ) energy+. Three of them are equipped with borehole heat exchangers, and the others use energy piles as heat exchangers. This paper deals with a demonstration of the investigated buildings, the measured values and performance, and the obtained results include important findings and experiences, problems encountered and possible preventive measures to avoid mistakes. After ten years of operation, it can be stated that the systems work and achieve their planned efficiency but require constant control and regulation to avoid faulty operation. An analysis of the implemented control strategies shows that, for all these heating and cooling systems, holistically coordinated control strategies that are verified during commissioning are required.

scholarly journals Quantifying the economic impact of changes in energy demand for space heating and cooling systems under varying climatic scenarios

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Hasegawa ◽  
Chan Park ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimori ◽  
Kiyoshi Takahashi ◽  
Yasuaki Hijioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Climatic Scenarios

scholarly journals Influence of the Advancement in the LED Lighting Technologies on the Optimum Windows-to-Wall Ratio of Jordanians Residential Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5446
Author(s):  
Aiman Albatayneh ◽  
Adel Juaidi ◽  
Ramez Abdallah ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Window Size ◽  
Led Lighting ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Lighting Systems

Based on recent developments and the predicted future advancement of lighting technologies, researchers are now questioning the extent to which daylight is effective in lowering the overall energy consumption of buildings. As light-emitting diode (LED) luminaires are highly energy efficient, the amount of power consumed for lighting purposes can be reduced, even in situations where the lighting system is at its full power. It has already been demonstrated that LED-lighting technologies can facilitate significant energy savings through minimizing window size (the main source of heat loss in buildings), and there is considerable potential for developing the LEDs’ source efficacy and lighting-product efficiency to ultimately achieve levels of efficacy of approximately 350 lumens per Watt (lm/W). For building designs to be sustainable in the future, it is critical that the windows-to-wall ratio (WWR) is optimized to minimize both heating and cooling loads, as well as the total energy consumed by the building for lighting, according to the efficiency of the LED, while still maintaining a suitable lighting level for occupants. This research examines the influence of the WWR on the total amount of energy consumed by standard buildings in Jordan using various LED luminaires (existing and projected efficiencies). DesignBuilder software was utilized to analyze the effect of LED-technology development on optimizing the WWR for a typical residential structure in Jordan. The research presents beneficial recommendations with respect to optimizing the WWR for primary decision-makers in the design of residential buildings with enhanced energy efficiency, considering the losses and gains associated with solar heat and light to capitalize on solar energy with no adverse impacts by windows size. The outcomes suggest a WWR of 17% could be achieved by typical residential buildings in Jordan that have extremely efficient LED lighting systems (350 lm/W), which is more than 50% less than the existing level of 40% recommended by multiple standards. Additionally, this study highlighted that when the efficiency of LED technologies increases, the energy demand of the building will be reduced because of lower energy usage combined with heat gain resulting from the LED efficiency.

scholarly journals Technical evaluation of artificial ligthing systems for broiler houses

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1011-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla A. Pereira ◽  
Tadayuki Yanagi Junior ◽  
Joaquim P. da Silva ◽  
Renato R. de Lima ◽  
Alessandro T. Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Luminance Level ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Technical Evaluation ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Fluorescent Tube

The spatial distribution of illuminance and the electric consumption of artificial lighting system is one of the main problems related to broiler production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of luminance level and energy efficiency of different lighting systems for broiler houses. Six types of lamps were tested in two different configurations to find the minimum illuminance of 20 and 5 lux. The tested lamps were incandescent (IL) 100 W, compact fluorescent (CFL) 34 W, mixed (ML) 160 W, sodium vapor (SVL) 70 W, T8 fluorescent tube (T8 FTL) 40 W and T5 fluorescent tube (T5 FTL) 28 W. The first four were evaluated with and without reflective light fixture and the latter two without light fixture. It was observed that the tested system with light fixtures negatively affected the spatial distribution of illuminance inside the house. The systems composed by IL and ML without light fixture led to better results in meeting the minimum illuminance of 20 lux and 5 lux, respectively. T5 FTL presented the lowest energy demand.

ESTHETIC AND FORM CREATION PROBLEM OF SUMMER SPACES

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Smaliychuk A ◽  
◽  
Berkela K ◽  
Dzyhalenko A ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Living Room ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Existing Housing

A lot of mass media write about the summer spaces aesthetics problem. The articles, notes, posts, blogs and other content are dedicated primarily to the experience of housing exploitation. However, architects, urban planners and other professionals determine the problem rather rarely. Summer spaces, first of all, balconies, loggias and terraces are important as functionally as aesthetically for the creation of comfortable, modern and visually expressive housing. Architects must provide both functional and aesthetic solutions, knowing that homeowners can change their designs. You must use the best domestic and foreign experience to prevent the unwanted changes which are analyzed in this article. Without this, balconies and loggias will be glazed by either the developer, which significantly worsens the aesthetics of the facade or residents, which makes the worst solution. First of all, summer spaces must have the appropriate proportions and engineering supplies. Balconies and loggias must have artificial lighting and electricity supply, they can also be equipped with water supply rain sewer, heating and cooling systems. With maximum equipment, summer spaces can play the role of a summer living room or a multifunctional space. In hot weather, balconies and loggias can even be used as a bedroom, which is important due to global warming. In addition to engineering supply it is necessary to provide some spatial standards: minimum width not less than 1.6 m with a length less than 3.5 m, 1.8 m for 3,5 -4,5 m length, and 2m for more than 4.5m. The area of balconies and loggias should be 4 -12 m2. Summer spaces fencing should not reduce sunlight and daylight in the rooms - so the glass or vertical metal handrails are the best solutions. It is also advisable to combine deaf parts with visually permeable. To implement these proposals, it is necessary to make legislative changes in summer spaces standards. Increasing of housing culture level and informing about the best and sustainable examples is also important. Balconies and loggias in existing housing can be dismantled and replaced with more functional ones through a comprehensive renovation program. The option of individual reconstruction is not appropriate.

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