scholarly journals Quantifying the economic impact of changes in energy demand for space heating and cooling systems under varying climatic scenarios

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Hasegawa ◽  
Chan Park ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimori ◽  
Kiyoshi Takahashi ◽  
Yasuaki Hijioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Climatic Scenarios

Combined Solar Heating and Cooling Systems: Simulation and Design Optimization

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Nurzia ◽  
Giuseppe Franchini ◽  
Antonio Perdichizzi
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Thermal Source ◽  
Absorption Chiller ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Heating And Cooling

The deployment of solar driven air conditioning is a feasible target in all countries where high solar irradiation matches high cooling loads in buildings: the goal is to gradually replace compression chillers and reduce peak electricity demand during summer. Moreover, as solar thermal collectors are installed, solar cooling systems can be profitably employed during winter. In the present work a code has been implemented for the simulation and the design optimization of combined solar heating and cooling systems. The following system layout has been considered: in warm months the cooling demand is satisfied by means of an absorption chiller — driven by a solar collector field — and a reversible heat pump operating in series. A hot storage matches the variability of solar radiation, while a cold storage smoothes the non-stationarity of cooling demand. During winter, the reversible compression heat pump operates for space heating. Solar collectors are used as thermal source at the evaporator of the heat pump, increasing its coefficient of performance. The code, based on TRNSYS platform, is able to simulate the system throughout a year. Besides TRNSYS standard components a detailed model of the absorption chiller has been included, in order to accurately simulate its off-design operation. Using an optimization tool the size of each component is identified for a given space heating and cooling demand. The minimization of life cycle costs of the system has been chosen as the objective of the optimization. Results of a case study are presented and discussed for a solar heating and cooling plant in an office building. The optimization procedure has been carried out with simulations for a typical Northern Italy town (Alpine climate) and a typical Southern Italy town (Mediterranean climate).

Solar space heating with air and liquid systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 295 (1414) ◽  
pp. 349-359
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
And Storage

Seasonal and annual performance data are available on only a limited number of the several thousand solar space heating systems now in operation. The emerging information indicates that most of the heat required in buildings can be supplied by solar energy delivered from flat-plate collectors and stored overnight in tanks of water and bins of rock pebbles. Numerous mechanical and operational problems, mainly in liquid collection and storage systems, demand attention. Annual costs of solar heating equipment and its installation usually exceed current values of energy savings, but fuel prices are expected to escalate at rates which often favour solar purchase today. Detailed performance data on several types of solar heating and cooling systems in buildings of identical design are presented, compared and interpreted. Maintenance and repair requirements are noted and contrasted, and forecasts of use in various applications are presented.

scholarly journals Energy and Economic Impact on the Application of Low-Cost Lightweight Materials in Economic Housing Located in Dry Climates

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Borbon-Almada ◽  
Norma Rodriguez-Muñoz ◽  
Mario Najera-Trejo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cementitious Composite ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Dry Climates

The building sector is considered a key area for sustainable development, due to the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the numerous economic activities that this sector involves. A low-cost lightweight cementitious composite consisting in perlite mortar was fabricated and evaluated. The thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the proposed composite were tested in the laboratory. The lightweight composite was integrated into a prototypical house and its thermal performance was tested for two different arid climates during a typical meteorological year. A techno-economic analysis of this integration was carried out, which showed the lightweight system integration could reduce the energy demand up to 10.3% due to the decreased use of heating and cooling systems. The CO2 emissions associated with electricity and gas use on cooling and heating systems could be reduced up to 10.9%.

Energy efficiency in space heating and cooling systems and hot tap water production

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Patrik Thollander ◽  
Magnus Karlsson ◽  
Patrik Rohdin ◽  
Johan Wollin ◽  
Jakob Rosenqvist
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling

scholarly journals Global scenarios of residential heating and cooling energy demand and CO2 emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Mastrucci ◽  
Bas van Ruijven ◽  
Edward Byers ◽  
Miguel Poblete-Cazenave ◽  
Shonali Pachauri
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Choice Modelling ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Space Cooling

AbstractBuildings account for 36% of global final energy demand and are key to mitigating climate change. Assessing the evolution of the global building stock and its energy demand is critical to support mitigation strategies. However, most global studies lack granularity and overlook heterogeneity in the building sector, limiting the evaluation of demand transformation scenarios. We develop global residential building scenarios along the shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) 1–3 and assess the evolution of building stock, energy demand, and CO2 emissions for space heating and cooling with MESSAGEix-Buildings, a modelling framework soft-linked to an integrated assessment framework. MESSAGEix-Buildings combines bottom-up modelling of energy demand, stock turnover, and discrete choice modelling for energy efficiency decisions, and accounts for heterogeneity in geographical contexts, socio-economics, and buildings characteristics.Global CO2 emissions for space heating are projected to decrease between 34.4 (SSP3) and 52.5% (SSP1) by 2050 under energy efficiency improvements and electrification. Space cooling demand starkly rises in developing countries, with CO2 emissions increasing globally by 58.2 (SSP1) to 85.2% (SSP3) by 2050. Scenarios substantially differ in the uptake of energy efficient new construction and renovations, generally higher for single-family homes, and in space cooling patterns across income levels and locations, with most of the demand in the global south driven by medium- and high-income urban households. This study contributes an advancement in the granularity of building sector knowledge to be assessed in integration with other sources of emissions in the context of global climate change mitigation and sustainable development.

CLIMATE IMPACT ON ENERGY DEMAND FOR SPACE HEATING IN ICELAND

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650004 ◽  
Author(s):  
REZA FAZELI ◽  
BRYNHILDUR DAVIDSDOTTIR ◽  
JONAS HLYNUR HALLGRIMSSON
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Residential Energy Demand ◽  
Heating Degree Days ◽  
Residential Space

A major impact of climate change is expected to materialize on energy demand for space heating and cooling needs in the residential sector. To quantify this impact, a set of regression models were tested to study the relation between residential energy demand for space heating in Iceland and explanatory variables such as Heating Degree Days and GDP per capita. Considering the nonstationarity of the time-series, three methods were studied to cope with this condition: Cointegration, differencing and detrending. The evaluation statistics of the three models for the validation period showed that the modified detrending approach is the most reliable method. It became obvious that including the seasonal dummy variables and AR component significantly improve the power of the model to predict monthly energy demand for residential space heating in Iceland. The developed model can be used to project climate related changes in demand for low-geothermal heat.

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