Child growth and development in relation to long-term arsenic exposure through drinking water and food in rural Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Vahter*
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Rural Bangladesh

scholarly journals Arsenic Exposure from Drinking Water and Urinary Metabolomics: Associations and Long-Term Reproducibility in Bangladesh Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 017005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen Wu ◽  
Liang Chi ◽  
Hongyu Ru ◽  
Faruque Parvez ◽  
Vesna Slavkovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure

scholarly journals Phthalates and Their Impacts on Human Health

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Yufei Wang ◽  
Haifeng Qian
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Adverse Impacts

Phthalates are a series of widely used chemicals that demonstrate to be endocrine disruptors and are detrimental to human health. Phthalates can be found in most products that have contact with plastics during producing, packaging, or delivering. Despite the short half-lives in tissues, chronic exposure to phthalates will adversely influence the endocrine system and functioning of multiple organs, which has negative long-term impacts on the success of pregnancy, child growth and development, and reproductive systems in both young children and adolescents. Several countries have established restrictions and regulations on some types of phthalates; however, we think that more countries should establish constraints or substitute measures for phthalates to reduce health risks. This article aims to summarize the adverse impacts of phthalates on human health, analyze the toxicity mechanism, assess the risks, and finally provide feasible strategies to reduce exposure of the public to phthalates.

scholarly journals Considering Alternate Pathways of Drinking-Water Contamination: Evidence of Risk Substitution from Arsenic Mitigation Programs in Rural Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5372
Author(s):  
Varun Goel ◽  
Griffin J. Bell ◽  
Sumati Sridhar ◽  
Md. Sirajul Islam ◽  
Md. Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Contamination ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Storage Containers

Deep tubewells are a key component of arsenic mitigation programs in rural Bangladesh. Compared to widely prevalent shallow tubewells, deep tubewells reduce ground-water arsenic exposure and provide better microbial water quality at source. However, the benefits of clean drinking-water at these more distant sources may be abated by higher levels of microbial contamination at point-of-use. One such potential pathway is the use of contaminated surface water for washing drinking-water storage containers. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of surface water use for washing drinking-water storage containers among deep and shallow tubewell users in a cohort of 499 rural residents in Matlab, Bangladesh. We employ a multi-level logistic regression model to measure the effect of tubewell type and ownership status on the odds of washing storage containers with surface water. Results show that deep tubewell users who do not own their drinking-water tubewell, have 6.53 times the odds [95% CI: 3.56, 12.00] of using surface water for cleaning storage containers compared to shallow tubewell users, who own their drinking-water source. Even deep tubewell users who own a private well within walking distance have 2.53 [95% CI: 1.36, 4.71] times the odds of using surface water compared to their shallow tubewell counterparts. These results highlight the need for interventions to limit risk substitution, particularly the increased use of contaminated surface water when access to drinking water is reduced. Increasing ownership of and proximity to deep tubewells, although crucial, is insufficient to achieve equity in safe drinking-water access across rural Bangladesh.

Cortex and hippocampus DNA epigenetic response to a long-term arsenic exposure via drinking water

2018 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 590-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Du ◽  
Meiping Tian ◽  
Xiaoxue Wang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Qingyu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure

scholarly journals Feasibility assessment of household based small arsenic removal technologies for achieving sustainable development goals

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sahadat Hossain ◽  
Fahima Akhter ◽  
Victor Emery David Jr
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Removal Technologies

Abstract. Access to pure drinking water is always occupying as the centric position for long-term sustainable development for all. Although Bangladesh has improved its overall status in drinking water sector compared to 1990 scenario. In 2015, its total safe water sources reached to 87 % i.e., still 13% far from full goal achievement. Besides, it has been estimated that 22 of total 164 million population are exposed to > 50 to < 200 μg/L and 5.6 million are to > 200 μg/L respectively. Therefore, achieving sustainable drinking water goals are still challenged for Bangladesh. This study is aimed to assess the hindrance for achieving the entire sustainable development goals (SDGs) and evaluating the role of existing household based Small Arsenic Removal (SAR) technologies in drinking water sector in rural Bangladesh. The literature based evaluation is revealed that SAR technologies have been playing an important role for achieving the SDGs in drinking sectors in Bangladesh. Conversely, the lack of guild lines on their produced sludge laden and consequently improper dumping are adversely affecting the socio-economic and environmental ecosystems. In this vein, there is a framework has been developed based on the relevant studies for achieving the long-term SDGs in the drinking water sector in rural Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Failing arsenic mitigation technology in rural Bangladesh: explaining stagnation in niche formation of the Sono filter

Water Policy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1490-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasish Kumar Kundu ◽  
Arthur P. J. Mol ◽  
Aarti Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Hand Pump ◽  
Radical Innovations ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Strategic Niche Management ◽  
Niche Formation ◽  
Tube Well

Arsenic contamination of shallow hand pump tube well drinking water in Bangladesh has created opportunities for radical innovations to emerge. One such innovation is the household Sono filter, designed to remove arsenic from water supplies. Applying a strategic niche management approach, and based on interviews, focus groups and a workshop, this article explains the Sono filter's failure to establish itself as a successful niche technology. Three explanatory factors are identified: lack of a strong social network (of technology producers, donors, users, and government actors) around it; diverging expectations regarding its potential to be a long-term solution; and lack of second-order learning amongst key actors. Beyond these three factors that help to explain the lack of successful niche formation, this paper clearly shows that the overwhelming dependency on fund-driven projects also deters successful niche formation in the context of the developing world.

ANALYSIS OF ABDOMINAL TYPHOID INCIDENCE IN THE SOUTH REGION OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Zakirova J.S. ◽  
Nadirbekova R.A. ◽  
Zholdoshev S.T.
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Radiation Factor ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Immunological Deficiency

The article analyze the long-term morbidity, spread of typhoid fever in the southern regions of the Kyrgyz republic, and remains a permanent epidemic focus in the Jalal-Abad region, where against the low availability of the population to high-quality drinking water, an additional factor on the body for more than two generations and radiation factor, which we confirmed by the spread among the inhabitants of Mailuu-Suu of nosological forms of the syndrome of immunological deficiency, as a predictor of risk groups for infectious diseases, including typhoid fever.

In pursuit of sustainable water solutions in emerging regions

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura R. Brunson ◽  
Lowell W. Busenitz ◽  
David A. Sabatini ◽  
Paul Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Enabling Environment ◽  
Cultural Assessment

While lack of access to consistent safe drinking water is estimated to affect nearly 2 billion people worldwide, many of the efforts to solve this crisis have proven to be unsustainable. This paper discusses some of the reasons for these challenges and suggests interdisciplinary practices that could be integrated from the very beginning of a water intervention to achieve long-term success. Of key importance for sustainable water implementation is an enabling environment that incorporates aspects such as funding, potential for market development, and supportive governance. While this enabling environment is acknowledged, the focus of this work is on the integration of three key areas: (i) social and cultural assessment of behavior and preferences; (ii) market-based implementation approaches that draw on this knowledge; and (iii) technology development for these markets.

scholarly journals Persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substances pose an equivalent level of concern to persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) and very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) substances under REACH

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Hale ◽  
Hans Peter H. Arp ◽  
Ivo Schliebner ◽  
Michael Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Drinking Water Resources ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Chemicals Regulation ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Level Of Concern

Abstract Background Under the EU chemicals regulation REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals EC 1907/2006), registrants are not obliged to provide information related to intrinsic substance properties for substances that pose a threat to the drinking water resources. In 2019, perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoic acid (HFPO-DA trade name GenX) were demonstrated to have an equivalent level of concern (ELoC) to persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (PBT/vPvB) substances owing to their persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) substance properties and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substance properties, respectively. They were both subsequently identified as substances of very high concern (SVHC) applying Article 57(f) in REACH. This work follows up on this regulatory decision by presenting a science based, conceptual level comparison that all PMT/vPvM substances pose an ELoC to PBT/vPvB substances. Using the two cases named above, as well as 1,4-dioxane, 16 categories were developed to evaluate a) serious effects on human health, b) serious effects on the environment and c) additional effects. 1,4-dioxane has recently been proposed to be classified as Carcinogenic 1B by the Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC). The aim was to enable an objective and scientifically justified conclusion that these classes of substances have an equivalent level of concern for the environment and human health. Results In all of the categories related to human health, the environment and other effects, the PMT/vPvM case study substances exhibited comparable effects to PBT/vPvB substances. A difference in the human and environmental exposure pathways of PMT/vPvM and PBT/vPvB substances exists as they vary temporally and spatially. However, effects and impacts are similar, with PMT/vPvM substances potentially accumulating in (semi-)closed drinking water cycles and pristine aquatic environments, and PBT/vPvB substances accumulating in humans and the food chain. Both PMT/vPvM and PBT/vPvB substances share the common difficulty that long term and long-range transport and risk of exposure is very difficult to determine in advance and with sufficient accuracy. Conclusion The registration process of substances under REACH should reflect that PMT/vPvM substances pose an equivalent level of concern to PBT/vPvB substances.

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