Integrating Price-Incentive and Trip-Selection Policies to Rebalance Shared Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-173
Author(s):  
Zihao Jiao ◽  
Lun Ran ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Yuli Zhang ◽  
Robin G. Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Exact Algorithm ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Fleet Size ◽  
Integrated Strategy

Because electric vehicle sharing (EVS) offers the advantages of high flexibility and convenience, it has been receiving increasing attention worldwide as an effective approach to easing traffic congestion and environmental pollution. However, unbalanced electric vehicle distribution is an obstacle in the development of EVS. In this paper, we propose an integrated strategy to mitigate the imbalance issue and enhance customers’ adoption of EVS. We construct an integrated strategy that combines the price-incentive approach with the trip-selection policy and models uncertain travel demand in a continuous trip-adopting process based on our integrated strategy. Aiming to improve EVS operating profits, we apply spatiotemporal nonlinear mixed-integer programming to formulate the travel pricing and rebalancing plan. Additionally, we approximate the model in a tractable form after analyzing the optimal service adoption and develop an efficient exact algorithm to handle the nonlinear items. The computational results of a real-world car2go Amsterdam case study demonstrate several economic and environmental benefits generated by our integrated policy, including (i) higher profits for EVS operators, (ii) improved service satisfaction for consumers, and (iii) a higher level of carbon emissions reduction, from 381 grams per mile to 225 grams per mile, beneficial for the social environment. Moreover, according to the case study, an appropriate initial fleet size, high rebalancing frequency, low labor cost, high potential travel demands, and short charging time also benefit EVS operation.

scholarly journals Operational and Safety Management at Intersections: Can the Turbo-Roundabout Be an Effective Alternative to Conventional Solutions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5103
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Gallelli ◽  
Giusi Perri ◽  
Rosolino Vaiana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Policy ◽  
Union Policy

The European Union policy strategies on the sustainability of the transport system pursue the goals of maximizing safety and environmental benefits and reducing the severity and frequency of crashes, congestion, and pollutant emission rates. A common issue is the planning of the most effective solution for operational and safety management at intersections. In this study, an egg turbo roundabout is proposed as the alternative solution to a conventional roundabout in Southern Italy which suffers from traffic congestion. A comparative analysis is carried out using microsimulation techniques to investigate the safety effects and operational improvements of converting a traditional priority intersection into standard roundabout or turbo roundabout layout. In particular, the VISSIM software is used to explore the most relevant operational performance measures: queue length, travel times and delays. The lowest values of these measurements are recorded for the simulated turbo roundabout, thus making this scheme more appropriate in terms of operational performances. With regard to safety analysis, the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) is used to collect information on the predicted number of conflicts, the probability, and severity of the potential collisions. The results suggest that, for the specific case study, the safety levels of the standard roundabout and the turbo roundabout are approximately comparable.

Design of Bus Routes: Methodology and the Santo Domingo Case

2002 ◽  
Vol 1791 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avishai Ceder ◽  
Oneximo Gonzalez ◽  
Hugo Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Network Design Problem ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Bus Network ◽  
Transit Routes

Growing traffic congestion, the importance of preserving the environment, and the problems of road safety are the main reasons to consider new initiatives worldwide in designing new urban transit routes. A need exists to develop a practical methodology for the construction of a new or improved network of bus routes along with intermodality considerations. An approach for the design of urban bus routes is presented with an example of designing new bus routes for the city of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic. Santo Domingo has major congestion, environmental, and safety problems. The presented approach involves a framework for the construction of operational objective functions for the bus-network-design problem. This framework takes into account passenger, operator, and community interests. The methodology combines the philosophy of mathematical programming approaches with decisionmaking techniques, so as to allow the user to select from a number of alternatives. The overall formulation is nonlinear and mixed-integer programming. The bus-network-design formulation used in the case study of Santo Domingo, a city with 3 million inhabitants, involved a large network of feasible bus routes subjected to the proposed method and resulted in 84 new bus routes. With other accompanied measures, the new bus routes will change the bus system image in Santo Domingo.

Study Behaviour of Passengers on Transit Operation

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 1154-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hesam Hafezi ◽  
Amiruddin Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
Fleet Size ◽  
Transit Operation ◽  
Demand Patterns ◽  
Study Behaviour

Nowadays, delays problem are important issue in preparing schedule for public transportation. It is related to behaviour of passengers, behaviour of transportation means and interaction with traffic. Behaviour of passengers are including: demand patterns of passengers, fare payment and waiting time in station and in-vehicle. Behaviour of transportation means included fleet size and frequency of operation. The most interaction between public transportation and others traffic is in traffic congestion. In this paper, we studies different behaviour of passengers duration operation time in two points: in-station and in-vehicle. They are including: arrival rate of passengers, kinds of fare payment and waiting time. For illustrate behaviour of passengers on delays problem we survey they affects in bus operation. Hence, a case study based on an actual public bus operation in Tehran, Iran is used to demonstrate it.

scholarly journals An Optimization-Based System Dynamics Simulation for Sustainable Policy Design in WEEE Management Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11377
Author(s):  
Camilo Llerena-Riascos ◽  
Sebastián Jaén ◽  
Jairo Rafael Montoya-Torres ◽  
Juan G. Villegas
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Management System ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Minlp Model

The increase in the use of electrical and electronic devices worldwide has created a rapid growth of waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). The current paper presents an optimization-based simulation (OBS) approach that allows the design of sustainable WEEE management system policies. The proposed OBS approach integrates a system dynamics (SD) model and a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model to improve the representation and performance of the WEEE processes considering their operative and strategic interdependence. The SD component elicits the complexity of the WEEE generation process. Complementarily, the MINLP model periodically optimizes key variables of the WEEE management system. Computational results in a case study based on WEEE from Colombian mobile phones illustrates how an approach solely based on SD simulation is unable to capture the operative-strategic nature of the system and perform optimal parameter updates. By contrast, the OBS approach of this paper outperforms an exclusive SD analysis both in the economic and environmental performance of the system. It obtains 33% more profits and 65% more environmental benefits. Moreover, for this case study, the model suggests that the cornerstone of the WEEE management system for increasing its performance is the replacement rate.

scholarly journals Incentives for Ridesharing: A Case Study of Welfare and Traffic Congestion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Changle Song ◽  
Julien Monteil ◽  
Jean-Luc Ygnace ◽  
David Rey
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Fixed Point Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Simulation Based Optimization ◽  
The Impact

Traffic congestion is largely due to the high proportion of solo drivers during peak hours. Ridesharing, in the sense of carpooling, has emerged as a travel mode with the potential to reduce congestion by increasing the average vehicle occupancy rates and reduce the number of vehicles during commuting periods. In this study, we propose a simulation-based optimization framework to explore the potential of subsidizing ridesharing users, drivers, and riders, so as to improve social welfare and reduce congestion. We focus our attention on a realistic case study representative of the morning commute on Sydney’s M4 Motorway in Australia. We synthesize a network model and travel demand data from open data sources and use a multinomial logistic model to capture users’ preferences across different travel roles, including solo drivers, ridesharing drivers, ridesharing passengers, and a reserve option that does not contribute to congestion on the freeway network. We use a link transmission model to simulate traffic congestion on the freeway network and embed a fixed-point algorithm to equilibrate users’ mode choice in the long run within the proposed simulation-based optimization framework. Our numerical results reveal that ridesharing incentives have the potential to improve social welfare and reduce congestion. However, we find that providing too many subsidies to ridesharing users may increase congestion levels and thus be counterproductive from a system performance standpoint. We also investigate the impact of transaction fees to a third-party ridesharing platform on social welfare and traffic congestion. We observe that increasing the transaction fee for ridesharing passengers may help in mitigating congestion effects while improving social welfare in the system.

scholarly journals Facility Location for Solid Waste Management through Compilation and Multicriterial Ranking of Optimal Decentralised Scenarios: A Case Study for the Region of Peloponesse in Southern Greece

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karagiannidis ◽  
G. Perkoulidis ◽  
N. Moussiopoulos ◽  
M. Chrysochoou
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Linear Network ◽  
Location Allocation ◽  
Alternative Solutions

The present paper addresses the problem of locating solid waste management facilities.Specifically, it studies and proposes optimal alternative solutions for the Greek Region of Peloponnese,by examining facilities for transferring, sorting, treating and landfilling of wastes. Quantitative and qualitative databases concerning the current solid waste management at the Region have been created and used by the model. A customized mixed-integer linear network model has been developed and solved for various evaluation criteria on a single-criterion basis by the use of a location-allocation modeling framework.The solutions resulting from the parametrical application of the multicriterial method ELECTRE III are then ranked for the entire criteria-spectrum. The best alternative scenario is presented for the Region in accordance with current legislation on waste management, which maximizes environmental benefits and promotes recycling, in the frame of sustainable waste management.

Induced Vehicle Travel in the Environmental Review Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (7) ◽  
pp. 468-479
Author(s):  
Jamey M. B. Volker ◽  
Amy E. Lee ◽  
Susan Handy
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Capacity Expansion ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Online Tool ◽  
Induced Travel ◽  
Demand Models

If we expand roadway capacity, more drivers will come, or so economic theory suggests and a substantial body of empirical research now shows. Despite strong evidence, the “induced travel” effect is often ignored, underestimated, or misestimated in the planning process, particularly in the assessment of the environmental impacts of roadway capacity expansions. Underestimating induced travel will generally lead to overestimation of the traffic congestion relief benefits a highway expansion project might generate, along with underestimation of its environmental impacts. A major reason that induced travel tends to be underplayed in environmental analyses is that travel demand models do not typically include all of the feedback loops necessary to accurately predict the induced travel effect. We developed an online tool, based on elasticities reported in the literature, to facilitate the estimation of the induced vehicle travel impacts of roadway capacity expansion projects in California, with potential future expansion to other geographies. We describe the tool, apply it to five case study highway capacity expansion projects, and then compare the results with the induced travel estimates reported in the environmental impact analyses for those projects. Our results suggest that environmental analyses frequently fail to fully capture the induced vehicle travel effects of highway capacity expansion projects.

scholarly journals FACILITATING MICROMOBILITY FOR FIRST AND LAST MILE CONNECTION WITH PUBLIC TRANSIT THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN: A CASE STUDY OF CALIFORNIA BAY AREA RAPID TRANSIT STATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1577-1586
Author(s):  
Beth Ferguson ◽  
Angela Sanguinetti
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Fleet Size ◽  
Service Characteristics ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Shared Mobility

AbstractMicromobility has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, traffic congestion, and air pollution, particularly when replacing private vehicle use in conjunction with public transit for first- and last-mile travel. The design of the built environment in and around public transit stations plays a key role in the integration of public transit and micromobility. This research presents a case study of rail stations in the California Bay Area, which are in the operation zone of seven shared micromobility operators. Nineteen stations and their surroundings were surveyed to inventory design features that could enable or constrain use of micromobility for first- and last-mile access. Shared mobility service characteristics, crime records, and connections to underserved communities were also documented. Key design solutions were identified based on the findings, including protected bike lanes, increased shared bike and scooter fleet size and service area, and clear signage indicating parking corral and docking points.

scholarly journals Network Planning Method for Capacitated Metro-Based Underground Logistics System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Dong ◽  
Wanjie Hu ◽  
Shen Yan ◽  
Rui Ren ◽  
Xiaojing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Network Planning ◽  
Exact Algorithm ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Metro System

Underground logistics system (ULS) tends to alleviate traffic congestion, increase city logistics efficiency, mitigate the negative effects of traditional logistics processes, and improve the sustainability of urban areas. However, the relatively high cost and risk of underground construction are serious obstacles to implementing ULS. Integrating ULS into modern metro system (M-ULS) is considered to be feasible and efficient to solve this problem. This paper aims at developing a metro system-based ULS network planning method. First, an evaluation model of underground freight volume was proposed considering service capacity, freight flow, and regional accessibility. Second, a set of mixed integer programming model was developed to solve the problem of optimal nodes’ location-allocation (LAP) in the network. Then, a hybrid algorithm was designed with a combination of E-TOPSIS, exact algorithm, and heuristic algorithm. Finally, two lines of Nanjing Metro were selected as a case to validate the proposed planning method. The results showed that the new system can significantly reduce the construction costs of ULS and alleviate traffic congestion. Moreover, the potential of metro stations and underground tunnels can be fully exploited to achieve higher logistics benefits.

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